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Wheat taxonomy - two schemes |
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Common name |
Genome(s) |
Genetic (GRIN Taxonomy for Plants) |
Traditional (Dorofeev et al. 1979) |
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Diploid (2x), Wild, Hulled |
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Wild einkorn |
Am |
Triticum boeoticum Boiss. |
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Au |
Triticum urartu Tumanian ex Gandilyan |
Triticum urartu Tumanian ex Gandilyan |
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Diploid (2x), Domesticated, Hulled |
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Einkorn |
Am |
Triticum monococcum L. subsp. monococcum |
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Tetraploid (4x), Wild, Hulled |
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Wild emmer |
BAu |
Triticum turgidum L. subsp. dicoccoides (Korn. ex Asch. & Graebn.) Thell |
Triticum dicoccoides (Körn. ex Asch. & Graebner) Schweinf. |
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Tetraploid (4x), Domesticated, Hulled |
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Emmer |
BAu |
Triticum turgidum L. subsp. dicoccum (Schrank ex Schübl.) Thell |
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BAu |
Triticum ispahanicum Heslot |
Triticum ispahanicum Heslot |
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BAu |
Triticum karamyschevii Nevski |
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Tetraploid (4x), Domesticated, Free-threshing |
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Durum or macaroni wheat |
BAu |
Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn. |
Triticum durum Desf. |
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Rivet, cone or English wheat |
BAu |
Triticum turgidum L. subsp. turgidum |
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Polish wheat |
BAu |
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Khorasan wheat |
BAu |
Triticum turgidum L. subsp. turanicum (Jakubz.) Á. & D. Löve |
Triticum turanicum Jakubz. |
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Persian wheat |
BAu |
Triticum turgidum L. subsp. carthlicum (Nevski) Á. & D. Löve |
Triticum carthlicum Nevski in Kom. |
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Tetraploid (4x) - timopheevi group |
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Wild, Hulled |
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GAm |
Triticum timopheevii (Zhuk.) Zhuk. subsp. armeniacum (Jakubz.) Slageren |
Triticum araraticum Jakubz. |
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Domesticated, Hulled |
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GAm |
Triticum timopheevii (Zhuk.) Zhuk. subsp. timopheevii |
Triticum timopheevii (Zhuk.) Zhuk. |
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Hexaploid (6x), Domesticated, Hulled |
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Spelt wheat |
BAuD |
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BAuD |
Triticum aestivum L. subsp. macha (Dekapr. & A. M. Menabde) Mackey |
Triticum macha Dekapr. & Menabde |
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BAuD |
Triticum vavilovii Jakubz. |
Triticum vavilovii (Tumanian) Jakubz. |
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Hexaploid (6x), Domesticated, Free-threshing |
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Common or bread wheat |
BAuD |
Triticum aestivum L. subsp. aestivum |
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Club wheat |
BAuD |
Triticum aestivum L. subsp. compactum (Host) Mackey |
Triticum compactum Host |
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Indian dwarf or shot wheat |
BAuD |
Triticum aestivum L. subsp. sphaerococcum (Percival) Mackey |
Triticum sphaerococcum Percival |
Note: Blank common name indicates that no common name is in use in the English language.
Explanatory notes on selected names
Triticum boeoticum Boiss. is sometimes divided into two subspecies:
T. boeoticum Boiss. subsp. thaoudar (Reut. ex Hausskn.) E. Schiem. - with two grains in each spikelet, distributed to east of fertile crescent.
T. boeoticum Boiss. subsp. boeoticum - one grain in each spikelet, in Balkans.
Triticum aethiopicum Jakubz. is a variant form of T. durum found in Ethiopia. It is not usually regarded as a separate species.
Triticum karamyschevii Nevsky was previously known as Triticum paleocolchicum A. M. Menabde.