1820 Oct 17

S of Sinus Iridum

Brilliant spots in Mare Imbrium S of Sinus Iridum

Luthmer

Luthmer 1824

1821 Feb 5-6

Aristarchus, vicinity

Luminous appearance on dark side; 6th to 7th mag, 3' to 4' diameter

Kater, Olbers, Browne

Kater 1821; Olbers 1822, 1824; Gauss 1874; Houzeau and Lancaster 1964 ed.

1821 Apr 7

Posidonius

Appeared without shadow

Gruithuisen

Webb 1962 ed., p.110

1821 May 4-6

Aristarchus, vicinity

Bright spot on dark side, <1' diameter

Ward, Baily

Ward 1822; Baily 1822

1821 Jul 25

Dark side

Brilliant flashing spots

Gruithuisen

Gruithuisen 1824

1821 Nov 28, ~20h00m

Dark side

Variable bright spot like 6th mag star

Fallows

Fallows 1822

1822 Jan 27

Aristarchus, vicinity

Bright spot like 8th mag star

F.G.W. Struve

Struve 1823

1822 Jun 22-23

Aristarchus

Lunar "volcano"

Ruppell

Ruppell 1822

1822

N/A

"Volcanoes" on the moon; several occasions

Flaugergues

Flaugergues 1822

1822

N/A

Lunar "volcano"

Zach

Zach 1822

1824 May 1

Near Aristarchus

Blinking light, 9th to 10th mag on dark side

Gobel

Gobel 1826

1824 Oct 18

Aristarchus, vicinity

Mingling of all kinds of colors in small spots in the W and NW of Aristarchus

Gruithuisen

Gruithuisen 1824; Fauth 1899

1824 Oct 20, 05h00m

Dark side, Mare Nubium

Bright area 100 x 20 km

Gruithuisen

Flammarion 1884; Azevado 1962

1824 Dec 8

Plato

Bright fleck in SE part of crater

Gruithuisen

Sirius 1879

1825 Apr 8

Plato

W part of crater brighter than E part

Gruithuisen

Sirius 1879

1825 Apr 22

Aristarchus and vicinity

Periodic illumination

Argelander, Gobel

Argelander 1826, Gobel 1826

1825 Dec 1, 23h45m

Ptolemaeus

Bright spot

Schwabe

Sel.J. 1880

1826 Apr 12, 20h00m

Mare Crisium

Black moving haze or cloud

Emmett

Emmett 1826; Capron 1879

1826 Apr 13, 20h00m

Mare Crisium; 1 hr

Cloud less intense

Emmett

Capron 1879

1832 Jul 4

Mare Crisium

Speckled with minute dots and streaks of light

T.W. Webb

Astr.Reg. 1882; Webb 1962 ed., p.105

1832 Dec 25

Aristarchus, vicinity

Bright spot

C.P. Smyth

Smyth 1836

1835 Dec 22, 18h30m

Near Aristarchus

Bright spot, 9th to 10th mag

C.P. Smyth

Smyth 1836

1836 Feb 13

Messier

Two straight lines of light; a band between covered with luminous points

Gruithuisen

Sci. Amer. Supp. Vol.7

1839 Jun 24

Grimaldi

Smoky-gray mist

Gruithuisen

B.A.A. Mem. 1895

1839 Jul 7

South Pole

Twilight

Gruithuisen

B.A.A. Mem. 1895

1839 Jul 19

Schroter

Dark mist

Gruithuisen

B.A.A. Mem. 1895

1842 Jul 8, 07h02m

N/A

During solar eclipse, moon's disk occasionally crossed by bright streaks

N/A

Wullerstorff 1846; Zantedeschi 1846

1843 Jul 4

Peak S of Alps

On terminator saw an unusually bright spot that glowed like a fixed star

Gerling

Gerling 1845; Sirius 1888

1844 Apr 25

SW of Pico

A bluish glimmering patch of light, not quite within the night side of the moon

J.Schmidt

Sel.J. 1878

1847 Mar 18, 19

Dark side

Large luminous spots on dark side

Rankin, Chevalier

Rankin 1847; Houzeau and Lancaster 1964 ed.

1847 Dec 11, 18h00m

Teneriffe Mts.

A bright spot about 1/4-ang diam of Saturn was perceived which, though it varied in intensity like an intermittent light, was at all times visible (dark side)

Hodgson

Hodgson 1848

1848 Mar 19

N/A

During eclipse rapid changes in .... (wording illegible)

Gorjan

M.N. 1847-48

1849 Feb 11

Posidonius

Without normal shadow

J.Schmidt

Webb 1962 ed., p.110

1854 Dec 27

Teneriffe Mts. (near Plato); 5 hr

Two luminous fiery spots on bright side. "... an appearance I had never seen before on the surface of the moon though I have observed her often these last 40 years .... It appeared to me from the brightness of the light and the contrast of colour to be two active volcanoes or 2 mouth of one in action."

Hart

Hart 1855

1855 Jun 20

N/A

Traces of twilight seen. Webb gives low weight to observation "for want of better optical means."

Webb

Webb 1962 ed., p.97

1862 Jun 12, 06h19m

N/A

"During [lunar] eclipse, the E [IAU:W] side dark brick red and something seemed to oscillate before it." At the mid-eclipse on the S side, "a very small meniscus was seen nearly the color of the uneclipsed moon."

N/A

Liais 1865

1864 May 15 and Oct 16

Mare Crisium, E of Picard

Bright cloud

Ingall

Ingall 1864

1864

N/A

Bright spot

Birt

Birt Birt 1864

1865 Jan 1

SE of Plato; 30 min

Bright spot like 4th mag star slightly out of focus. Bright speck remained changeless for 30 min, and its light was steady.

Grover

Grover 1866; Webb 1962 ed., p.114

1865 Apr 10

Mare Crisium, E of Picard

Point of light like star. Whole of Mare Crisium intersected with bright veins, mixed with bright spots of light. Aperture 4-1/2 in.; 4 hr before full moon

Ingall

Astr. Reg. 1866

1865 Sep 5

Mare Crisium, E of Picard

Point of light like star, with misty cloud

Ingall

Astr. Reg. 1866

1865 Nov 24

Carlini; 1 hr 30 min

Dark side, distinct bright speck like 8th mag star

Williams and two others

Webb 1962 ed., p.125

1865

Mare Crisium

Dots and streaks of light

Slack, Ingall

Webb 1962 ed., p.105

1866 Jun 10

Aristarchus

Starlike light

Tempel

Denning, Tel.Work p.121

1866 Jun 14-16

Aristarchus, vicinity

Reddish-yellow

Tempel

Tempel 1867

1866

Dark side

Bright spots

Hodgson

Hodgson 1866

1867 Apr 9, 19h30m - 21h00m

Aristarchus, vicinity; 1 hr 30 min

Bright spot on dark side, 7th mag, becoming fainter after 20h15m UT

Elger

Elger 1868

1867 Apr 12, 07h30m - 08h30m

Aristarchus, vicinity; 1 hr

Bright spot on dark side, 7th mag.

Elger

Webb 1962

1867 May 6-7

Aristarchus; at least several hours each night

Left side of crater, very bright luminous point, appearing like a volcano

Flammarion

Flammarion 1884

1867 May 7

Aristarchus, vicinity

Reddish-yellow, beacon-like light

Tempel

Tempel 1867; Astr. Reg. 1868

1867 Jun 10

Sulpicius Gallus

Three blackish spots

Dawes

The Student Vol.1

1867

Dark side

Bright spots

W.O. Williams

Williams 1867

1870 May 13

Plato

Bright spots, extraordinary display

Pratt, Elger

Rept. Brit. Assn. 1871

1870

N/A

White spots on the moon, "lightning".

Birt

Birt 1870

1870

Godin

Purplish haze illuminating floor of crater, still in shadow

Trouvelot

Trouvelot 1882; Moore 1963

1871

Plato

Streak of light across floor visible while crater in shadow

Elger

Sirius 1887

1871

W of Plato

Fog or mist

Elger, Neison

Flammarion 1884

1872 Jul 16

Plato

NE portion of floor hazy

Pratt

Capron 1879

1873 Jan 4

Kant

Luminous purplish vapors

Trouvelot

Trouvelot 1882; Flammarion 1884; Moore 1963

1873 Apr 10

Plato

Under high sun, two faint clouds in W part of crater

Schmidt

Sirius 1879

1873 Nov 1

Plato

Unusual appearance

Pratt

Capron 1879

1874 Jan 1

Plato

Unusual appearance

Pratt

Capron 1879

1877 Feb 20, 09h30m - 10h30m

Eudoxus; 1 hr

Fine line of light like luminous cable drawn W to E across crater

Trouvelot

Flammarion 1884; l'Astron. 1885

1877 Feb 27, 19h19m

N/A

Lunar eclipse. Flickering light on lunar surface

Dorna

L'Opin. Nazion. 1877

1877 Mar 17, 06h45m

N/A

Moon's horns showed traces of atmosphere. Moon 2d16h old (2.75 in. reflector)

Dennett

Eng. Mech. 1882

1877 Mar 21

Proclus

Brilliant illumination

Barrett

Eng. Mech. 1882

1877 May 15, 20h30m and 
May 29, 00h35m

E of Picard

Bright spot

N/A

Eng. Mech. 1882

1877 Jun 17, 22h30m

Bessel

Minute point of light (seen with 2.75 in. reflector)

Dennett

Eng. Mech. 1882

1877 Jul 29

Plato

S of center of crater, bright streak, disappeared at 2:30am

Gray

Flammarion 1884

1877 Aug 23-24, 23h10m

N/A

Lunar eclipse.
(1) Unusual spectrum with strong absorption in yellow.
(2) Two patches of crimson light of short duration

(1) Airy; 
(2) Capron, Pratt

(1) Sirius 1878;
(2) Capron 1879

1878 Feb 2, 08h16m

At limb

Changes in spectrum during solar eclipse suggesting lunar atmosphere

Observers at Melbourne, Australia

Sirius 1878

1878 Mar 10, 19h20m

Mare Crisium

White patch E of Picard badly defined

Noble

Sel. J. 1878

1878 Oct 5, 21h40m

Plato

Faint bright shimmer like thin white cloud

Klein

Klein, Woch. fur Astr.; Sirius 1878

1878 Oct 21

3 hr

Half of moon's terminator obliterated

Hirst

Capron 1879

1878 Nov 1

Messier

Obscuration of Messier

Klein

Pop. Astr. 1902

1878 Nov 9, 21h00m

Plato

Faint but unmistakable white cloud, not seen before

Klein

Sirius 1878

1878 Dec 4

Agrippa, Klein's Object and the oval spot nearby

"Odd misty look as if vapour were in or about them."

Capron

Capron 1879

1878

E of Picard

White patch

Birt

Eng. Mech. Vol 28

1878

Interior of Tycho

Cloudy appearance

Birt

Eng. Mech. Vol 28

1880 Jan 18

Whole of Mare Nectaris

Foggy. Fog extended into the floor of Fracastorius. Gruithuisen said that the seeing was unsatisfactory.

Gaudibert

Gaudibert 1880

1881 Feb 3, 19h00m

Aristarchus (on dark side, limb area)

Very bright (~8.0 mag star) with pulsations

"Gamma"

Sirius 1881

1881 Jul 4, 00h30m

N/A

"Two pyramidal luminous protuberances appeared on the moon's limb .... These points were a little darker than the rest of the moon's face. They slowly faded away ...."

Several observers

Sci. Amer. 1882

1881 Aug 6-7

Aristarchus region

Whole region between Aristarchus and Herodotus and S part of Great Rille (Schroter's Valley) appeared in strong violet light as if covered with fog

Klein

Klein 1902

1881 Dec 5, 17h09m

Aristarchus

During eclipse, Aristarchus was a white spot in the coppery disk and continued so. (Lunar eclipse)

S.J. Johnson

Johnson 1882; Fisher 1924

1882 Jan 29, 17h00m - 17h30m

Eudoxus; 30 min

Unusual shadow

N/A

Sirius 1882

1882 Feb 27, 18h30m - 19h30m and 
20h30m - 20h45m

Eudoxus; 1 hr, and 15 min

Unusual shadow (on Feb 25, the shadow was normal)

N/A

Sirius 1882

1882 Mar 27, 18h45m

Plato

Floor glowed with milky light

A.S. Williams

Williams 1882

1882 Apr 24

Near Godin and Agrippa

Shadows blurred and oscillating. Shadows in Aristoteles steady. Intervals between obscurations, ~10 min

Ridd

Proc. Liverpool Astr. Soc. 1883

1882 May 19

Just E of Mare Crisium against Prom. Agarum

Cloud, not less than 100 mi x 40 or 50 mi; no trace seen on May 20

J.G. Jackson and friends

Eng. Mech. 1882; Strol. Astr. 1966; B.A.A. Lunar Sec. Circ. 1966, 1, No.8

1882 Jul 17

Just E of Mare Crisium, against Prom. Agarum

Feathery mist or cloud

J.G. Jackson

Strol. Astr. 1966

1882 Nov 7, 09h00m

Dark limb

Line of light around dark limb, attributed to atmosphere, well seen, equally bright throughout length. Age of moon 26.5 days

Hopkins

Sirius 1884

1883 Mar 12, 20h00m

Dark limb

Line of light (see 1882 Nov 7) well seen

Hopkins

Sirius 1884

1883 Mar 12

Taruntius and environs

Peculiar blurred appearance. Unmistakable variations in the sharpness of the shadows of the ring plain

Davies

Proc. Liverpool Astr. Soc. 1883; B.A.A. Lunar Sec. Circ. 1966, 1, No 10

1883 May

Edge of Mare Crisium

Light mist or cloud

J.G. Jackson

Flammarion 1884

1883 Nov 5, ~18h00m

Aristarchus

Very bright (~7.0-8.0 mag star)

"R"

Sirius 1883

1884 Feb 5

Kepler

Illumination in Kepler

Morales

l'Astron. Vol.9

1884 Oct 4, ~22h03m

Tycho

During eclipse, bright spot like a star of the 2nd mag. (Lunar eclipse)

Parsehian

Parsehian 1885; Fisher 1924

1884 Nov 29, 19h00m - 21h00m

Aristarchus; 2 hr

Nebulous at center; elsewhere features well defined

Hislop

Sirius 1885

1885 Feb 19

Small crater near Hercules

Small crater was dull red with vivid contrast

Gray

l'Astron. Vol.4; Knowledge Vol.7

1885 Feb 21

Cassini

Red patches

Knopp

l'Astron. Vol.4

1885 Jun 10

Aristarchus

Starlike light

Tempel

Pop. Astr. 1932

1886 Sep 6

Plato

Streak of light on dark floor of crater in shadow (67 mm refl.)

Valderama

Sirius 1887

1887 Feb 1, ~17h00m

Plato

Appearance of light in crater

Kruger

Sirius 1887

1887 Feb 2

La Hire

Intense yellow streak that cast shadows around neighbouring features

Klein

Sirius 1903

1888 Jul 15

S edge of Alps on dark side of moon

"Lunar volcano"; ~1 mag star. Yellow light tinged with red from refractor's secondary spectrum

Holden

Sirius 1888

1888 Nov 23, 17h15m

45 min

A triangular patch of light (seen with 3 1/2 in. refractor and 180 x mag)

von Speissen and others

Sirius

1889 Mar 30

Copernicus

Black spot

Gaudibert

l'Astron. 1889

1889 May 11

Gassendi

Black spot on rim

N/A

l'Astron. 1889

1889 Jun 6, 22h00m

Plato B and D (Schmidt's designation)

Two extremely bright spots (8 in. refractor)

Evon Lade

Sirius 1889

1889 Jul 12, ~20h52m

Aristarchus

During lunar eclipse, brilliance in surrounding gloom was striking

Krueger

Krueger 1889; Fisher 1924

1889 Sep 3

Alpetragius; 30 min

"Central peak, its shadow and all the floor seem to be seen through haze."

Barnard

Barnard 1892

1889 Sep 13

Plinius

White spot over central peak

Thury

Thury 1889a, 1889b

1889 Oct 3-4

Alpetragius

Hazy

Barnard

Barnard 1892

1890 Oct 3, ~22h00m

Posidonius

Unusual shadow

Meller

Sirius 1890

1891 May 23, ~18h20m

Aristarchus region

Lunar eclipse, half hour before end of totality, Aristarchus and region immediately N of it became conspicuous and increased in brightness from that time on

W.E. Jackson

Jackson 1890-91; Fisher 1924

1891 Sep 16

Schroter's Valley

"Dense clouds of white vapour were apparently arising from its bottom and pouring over its SE [IAU:SW] wall in the direction of Herodotus."

W.H. Pickering

Pickering 1903

1891 Sep 17, 18, 23, 25

Schroter's Valley

Apparent volcanic activity

W.H. Pickering

Pickering 1903

1891 Oct 14

Schroter's Valley

Apparent volcanic activity

W.H. Pickering

Pickering 1903

1891 Nov 7

Aristarchus

Very distinct luminous point

d'Adjuda

l'Astron. Vol.11

1892 Mar 31

Thales

Pale luminous haze

Barnard

Barnard 1892

1892 May 10

Schroter's Valley

Apparent volcanic activity

W.H. Pickering

Pickering 1903

1892 May 11, ~22h53m

N/A

During partial lunar eclipse, extension of earth's shadow beyond the cusps

N/A

Sirius 1892

1893 Jan 30

Schroter's Valley

Apparent volcanic activity

W.H. Pickering

Pickering 1903

1893 Apr 1

N/A

Shaft of light

de Moraes

l'Astron. Vol.13

1894 Feb 23

Henke (now Daniell) and N wall of Posidonius

Strong brownish-red coppery hue in Henke and also on N wall of Posidonius

Krieger

Sirius 1895

1895 Mar 11, 03h42m

N/A

During lunar eclipse, very striking color in SE quadrant

Foulkes

B.A.A. Mem. 1895

1895 May 2, 
(1)~20h45m;
(2)~23h30m

Plato;
(1)~12-14 min

(1) Streak of light.
(2) Bright parallel bands in center

(1)Brenner;
(2)Fauth

(1)Sirius 1895, 1897;
(2)Sirius 1896, 1897

1895 Sep 25

N/A

Shaft of light

Gaboreau

l'Astron. Vol.13

1896

Macrobius

Penumbral fringe to shadow

Goodacre

Firsoff 1962 ed., p.90

1897 Jun 14

Schroter's Valley

Apparent volcanic activity

W.H. Pickering

Pickering 1903

1897 Sep 21, 23h00m

Aristarchus

Glimmering streaks

Molesworth

Goodacre 1931

1897 Oct 8, 10, 13, 15

Schroter's Valley

Apparent volcanic activity

W.H. Pickering

Pickering 1903

1897 Dec 9

Wm. Humboldt

Light chocolate border to shadow on E wall

Goodacre

B.A.A. Mem. 1898

1898 Jan 8, 00h30m

Tycho region

About mid-eclipse, shadow so dense that details of surface disappeared entirely, except that bright ray extending SSW from Tycho was clearly visible throughout its whole extent and continued so throughout eclipse. (Lunar eclipse)

Chevremont

Chevremont 1898; Fisher 1924

1898 Apr 6-8

Schroter's Valley

Apparent volcanic activity

W.H. Pickering

Pickering 1903

1898 Jul 3, 21h47m

Proclus

Half hour after mid-eclipse, the crater shone with reddish light in shadow. (Lunar Eclipse)

Moye

Moye 1898; Fisher 1924

1898 Dec 27, ~23h38m

Aristarchus

During eclipse, Aristarchus brilliant (Lunar eclipse)

Stuyvaert

Niesten and Stuyvaert 1898-99; Fisher 1924