Chapter 6
PRIVATIZATION IN THE WEST
6.1 Public Private Partnership
6.2 The Policy Comes from the Top
6.1 PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP
In Britain, privatization started under Margaret Thatcher at the
beginning of the 1980s, before the World Bank imposed the same
policy on lesser developed countries. Even now, the privatization
process is far from complete, but a report in The Guardian newspaper
summarized when the family silver was sold:
Cable & Wireless: Oct 81, Amersham International: Feb 82, Britoil:
Nov 82, Associated British Ports: Feb 83, Enterprise Oil: Feb 84,
Jaguar: July 84, British Telecom: Nov 84, British Gas: Dec 86,
British Airways: Feb 87, Rolls-Royce: May 87, BAA: July 87, British
Steel: Dec 88, Regional water companies: Dec 89, Electricity
distribution companies: Dec 90.(1)
At the same time, Margaret Thatcher introduced Compulsory
Competitive Tendering (CCT) which started the sell off of national
and local government. John Major renamed this Private Finance
Initiative (PFI) in 1992, and the policy has continued unabated
under Tony Blair.(2) The Public-Private Partnership (PPP) industry
website boasts:
564 PFI deals with a capital value of more than £35bn have been
signed. (3)... There has been wide coverage on the use of PPPs in
health and education, but PPPs are being used in a diverse range of
projects like helicopter simulators for the Ministry of Defense and
the redevelopment of the main Treasury building... Chancellor Gordon
Brown said in a recent speech that "there should be no principled
objection to PFI expanding into new areas, such as the provision of
employment and training services, the renovation of schools and
colleges, major projects or urban regeneration and social
housing.(4)"
The most ironic PPP initiative is the 'Strategic Transfer of the
Estate to The Private Sector' (STEPS) by the Inland Revenue (IRS
equivalent). In March 2001, it signed a Private Finance Initiative
deal, selling off its entire estate for £220 million to Mapeley
Steps Ltd. a company controlled by George Soros located in the
off-shore tax haven of Bermuda.(5)
Britain has led the field in PPPs, but almost every government in
the world has been implementing the PPP model.(6) Having firmly
established themselves in Europe, Africa, Latin America and Asia,
the water companies are expanding into the far more lucrative market
of the United States. The U.S. still has publicly owned water but
that looks set to change as the French and German multinationals are
winning the battle in Congress to allow them to take over America's
aging water infrastructure.(7)
6.2 THE POLICY COMES FROM THE TOP
Although the World Bank introduced privatization to developing
countries with strong arm tactics at the end of the 1980s, it now
has an army of policy forums giving intellectual credibility to it.
The Water Barons investigation reveals that the
water companies have joined forces with
the World Bank and
the
United Nations to create an array of international think tanks,
advisory commissions, and forums that have dominated the water
debate and established privatization as the dominant solution to the
world's water problems.
"What we have seen during the 1990s has been
the setting-up of a kind of global high command for water," wrote
Ricardo Petrella, a leading researcher on the politics of water.
The
U.N. is now promoting PPP as a key component of the United Nations' programme for sustainable development.(8)
At the same time as the World Bank/ IMF imposed its privatization
policy on the Third World, Prince Charles launched his Prince of
Wales Business Leaders Forum. Since 1990, when he conducted his
first city conference in Charleston, North Carolina, he has amassed
over 5,000 multinational and national corporations whom he works
with in setting up public-private partnerships.
This is a key
institution in the globalization machine, hence its members include
65 of the world's biggest companies. As noted in chapter two, the
multi-trillion dollar shareholdings of the British, European and
American elite are hidden behind false fronts, trusts and Bank of
England nominee accounts.(9)(10)
N. M. Rothschild & Sons has guided the privatization process,
especially in the
U.K.
Their website boasts:
1985 saw N. M.Rothschild & Sons win the 'beauty contest' to advise
the British Government on the sale of British Gas. This was the most
significant piece of privatization work to be undertaken by N. M.
Rothschild & Sons, pioneers in such business from 1971. Further
advisory roles were taken with regard to the privatization of
British Steel and British Coal as well as the regional electricity
and water boards.
It would lead to business in over 40 countries
worldwide. ... [ in 2000] the British Government appointed N M
Rothschild & Sons as financial advisers for 3G mobile phone
licensing. The bank adopted an innovative and highly successful
auction process whereby telephone companies bid for the available
licenses, and was subsequently approached by other governments
worldwide to undertake similar projects. (11)
Lord Wakeham was the Conservative Chief Whip from 1983 to 1987 and
Secretary for Energy from 1989 to 1992. He authorized Enron to buy
into the privatized water and electricity systems, and then, in 1994
when he resigned as leader of the House of Lords, he joined Enron as
a non-executive director and sat on its audit committee. Lord
Wakeham had also awarded a contract to N. M. Rothschild to advise
the Government on coal privatization. In 1995 he became a director
of N. M. Rothschild.(12)
In November 2003, Oliver Letwin resigned his directorship of N. M.
Rothschild, which he had held since 1991, to become Shadow
Chancellor of the Exchequer for the Conservative party. He is author
of the book 'Privatizing the World' and has worked as an adviser to
foreign governments on privatization.(13)
Norman Lamont was the Tory Chancellor of the Exchequer from
1990-1993. After he graduated from university, he worked for N. M.
Rothschild for eleven years and was a director of Rothschild Asset
Management. After leaving government he became a director of N.M.
Rothschild 1993-1995.(14)
Eddie George was Governor of the Bank of England from 1993-2003.
After retirement, he joined the Rothschild group and sits on the
board of Rothschild Continuation Holdings A.G., the Bank for
International Settlements, Switzerland, and N. M. Rothschild . (15)
SUMMARY
A Western money monopoly was well established by the beginning of
the twentieth century but still remains hidden today. The money
monopoly is dynastic and transcends national borders enabling the
Anglo-European-American elite to transfer all the world's wealth
into their hands and to create a global government under their
control - a new Dark Age of global feudalism or global fascism.
Since the late 1980s, the sale of the world's resources and
industries to the international bankers has accelerated.
Now all
that remains is to strip Westerners of what remains of their
property and the vision of John D. Rockefeller's General Education
Board will be fulfilled:
In our dreams we have limitless resources, and the people yield
themselves with perfect docility to our molding hands...
-Fred Gates,
"Occasional Paper No.1", 1904, General Education Board
So, remembering the question put to Tony Blair of whether or not
someone can become too rich, the second section of this book
examines 'the art of killing quietly'.
Chapter 6 End Notes
-
Larry Elliott and Jill Treanor, A whole world sold on sell-offs, The
Guardian, London, 22 Nov. 2000. See
http://www.guardian.co.uk/Thatcher/Story/0,2763,401129,00.html
-
Timeline: outsourcing and the public sector, The Guardian. See
http://society.guardian.co.uk/microsite/outsourcing_/story/0,13230,933819,00.html
-
Chief Secretary to the Treasury, Rt Hon Paul Boateng MP, 11 June
2003, Completed Projects, PPP Forum website. See
http://www.pppforum.com/completed.html
-
Frequently Asked Questions, Ibid.. See
http://www.pppforum.com/faq.html
-
Stefan Armbruster, Revenue sell-off to tax haven firm, BBC, London,
23 Sept. 2002. See
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/low/business/2263208.stm
-
PPP websites: Canada
http://www.pppcouncil.ca/index.asp Netherlands
http://www.pppcentre.com/ Ireland
http://www.ppp.gov.ie/ USA
http://www.ncppp.org/councilinstitutes/index.html
-
Erika Hobbs, Low Rates, Needed Repairs Lure 'Big Water' to Uncle
Sam's Plumbing, The Water Barons, a report for The Center for Public
Integrity. See
http://www.icij.org/water/report.aspx?sid=ch&rid=54&aid=54
-
Public Private Partnership, United Nations Economic Commission for
Europe website, Introduction. See
http://www.unece.org/operact/ppp/introduction.htm
-
Joan M. Veon, synopsis of Prince Charles the Sustainable Prince. See
http://www.womensgroup.org/APPENDIX.html
-
The International Business Leaders Forum website, members section.
See http://www.pwblf.org/csr/csrwebassist.nsf/content/f1b2a3.html
-
N.M. Rothschild website, Timeline
http://www.rothschild.info/history/default.asp?doc=articles/chistory2-1
-
Andrew Clark and David Hencke, Master fixer who ended up in a fix,
The Guardian,
30 January 2002
http://www.guardian.co.uk/enron/story/0,11337,641545,00.html
-
Oliver Letwin, Political Profile, BBC News Online
http://news.bbc.co.uk/vote2001/hi/english/key_people/newsid_1179000/1179357.stm
-
Lord Lamont of Lerwick, Benador Associates
http://www.benadorassociates.com/lamont.php
-
Nestle, CorporateWatch
http://www.corporatewatch.org.uk/profiles/food_supermarkets/nestle/nestle3.html
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