by David E. Sanger, Tyler Pager, Katie Rogers and Zolan Kanno-Youngs
January 08, 2026
from NYTimes Website

Article also HERE

 

The reporters are White House correspondents for The Times. They interviewed President Trump in the Oval Office.

 

David E. Sanger covers the Trump administration and a range of national security issues. He has been a Times journalist for more than four decades and has written four books on foreign policy and national security challenges.
Tyler Pager is a White House correspondent for The Times, covering President Trump and his administration.
Katie Rogers is a White House correspondent for The Times, reporting on President Trump.
Zolan Kanno-Youngs is a White House correspondent for The Times, covering President Trump and his administration.

 





Credit: Doug Mills

The New York Times



On topic after topic,

President Trump made clear

that he would be the arbiter

of any limits to his authorities,

not international law or treaties...




President Trump declared on Wednesday evening that his power as commander in chief is constrained only by his "own morality," brushing aside international law and other checks on his ability to use military might to strike, invade or coerce nations around the world.


Asked in a wide-ranging interview with The New York Times if there were any limits on his global powers, Mr. Trump said:

"Yeah, there is one thing. My own morality. My own mind. It's the only thing that can stop me."


"I don't need international law," he added. "I'm not looking to hurt people."

When pressed further about whether his administration needed to abide by international law, Mr. Trump said,

"I do."

But he made clear he would be the arbiter when such constraints applied to the United States.

"It depends what your definition of international law is," he said.

Mr. Trump's assessment of his own freedom to use any instrument of military, economic or political power to cement American supremacy was the most blunt acknowledgment yet of his worldview.

 

At its core is the concept that national strength, rather than laws, treaties and conventions, should be the deciding factor as powers collide.


He did acknowledge some constraints at home, even as he has pursued a maximalist strategy of punishing institutions he dislikes, exacting retribution against political opponents and deploying the National Guard to cities over the objections of state and local officials.


He made clear that he uses his reputation for unpredictability and a willingness to resort quickly to military action, often in service of coercing other nations.

 

During his interview with The Times, he took a lengthy call from President Gustavo Petro of Colombia, who was clearly concerned after repeated threats that Mr. Trump was thinking of an attack on the country similar to the one on Venezuela.

"Well, we are in danger," Mr. Petro said in an interview with The Times just before the call.

 

"Because the threat is real. It was made by Trump."

The call between the two leaders, the contents of which were off the record, was an example of coercive diplomacy in action.

 

And it came just hours after Mr. Trump and Secretary of State Marco Rubio had extracted the United States from dozens of international organizations intended to foster multinational cooperation.


In his conversation with The Times, Mr. Trump sounded more emboldened than ever.

 

He cited,

  • the success of his strike on Iran's nuclear program - he keeps a model of the B-2 bombers used in the mission on his desk

  • the speed with which he decapitated the Venezuelan government last weekend

  • his designs on Greenland, which is controlled by Denmark, a NATO ally

When asked what was his higher priority, obtaining Greenland or preserving NATO, Mr. Trump declined to answer directly, but acknowledged,

"it may be a choice."

He made clear that the trans-Atlantic alliance was essentially useless without the United States at its core.


Even as he characterized the norms of the post-World War II order as unnecessary burdens on a superpower, Mr. Trump was dismissive of the idea that the leader of China, Xi Jinping, or President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia could use similar logic to the detriment of the United States.

 

On topic after topic, he made clear that in his mind, U.S. power is the determining factor - and that previous presidents have been too cautious to make use of it for political supremacy or national profit.


The president's insistence that,

Greenland must become part of the United States was a prime example of his worldview.

It was not enough to exercise the U.S. right, under a 1951 treaty, to reopen long-closed military bases on the huge landmass, which is,

a strategically important crossroads for U.S., European, Chinese and Russian naval operations.

"Ownership is very important,"

...Mr. Trump said as he discussed, with a real estate mogul's eye, the landmass of Greenland - three times the size of Texas but with a population of less than 60,000.

 

 


The president's insistence that

Greenland must become part of the United States

was a prime example of his worldview.

Credit: Esther Horvath for The New York Times

 

 

He seemed to dismiss the value of having Greenland under the control of a close NATO ally.


When asked why he needed to possess the territory, he said:

"Because that's what I feel is psychologically needed for success. I think that ownership gives you a thing that you can't do with, you're talking about a lease or a treaty.

 

Ownership gives you things and elements that you can't get from just signing a document."

The conversation made clear that in Mr. Trump's view, sovereignty and national borders are less important than the singular role the United States plays as the protector of the West.


He argued that only he - and not two predecessors on whom he heaped scorn, Joseph R. Biden Jr. and Barack Obama - had proven capable of persuading NATO nations to spend 5 percent of the gross domestic product on defense.

 

(About 1.5 percent of that is actually for domestic infrastructure - from power grids to cybersecurity - that can support defense. The target does not kick in until 2035, six years after Mr. Trump leaves office.)

"I want them to shape up," he said.

 

"I think we'll always get along with Europe, but I want them to shape up. I'm the one that got them to spend more on the, you know, more G.D.P. on NATO.

 

But if you look at NATO, Russia I can tell you is not at all concerned with any other country but us."

The president added:

"I've been very loyal to Europe. I've done a good job. If it weren't for me, Russia would have all of Ukraine right now."


Ukrainian soldiers firing howitzer weapons

at Russian positions in

the Donbas region of Ukraine last month.

Credit: Tyler Hicks

The New York Times

 


He seemed unconcerned that the last major nuclear arms control agreement with Russia was set to expire in four weeks, leaving the world's two largest nuclear powers free to expand their arsenals without limit, for the first time in half a century.

"If it expires, it expires," he said.

 

"We'll just do a better agreement," he added, insisting that China, which has the fastest-growing arsenal in the world, should be incorporated in any future agreement.


"You probably want to get a couple of other players involved also," Mr. Trump said.

The president seemed equally sanguine about whether his decision to send Special Operations forces into Caracas to remove Nicolás Maduro of Venezuela would be exploited by China or Russia.

 

In the days since the action in Venezuela, there have been arguments that the U.S. precedent would help justify,

  • a Chinese effort to take Taiwan

     

  • or a Russian attempt to seize Ukraine, which Mr. Putin has described as a historical part of the Russian empire, dating back more than a dozen centuries...

Asked whether he had created a precedent that he may later regret, Mr. Trump argued that his view of the threat posed by Mr. Maduro's Venezuela was quite different than Mr. Xi's view of Taiwan.

"This was a real threat," he said of Venezuela.

 

"You didn't have people pouring into China," he argued, repeating his oft-made claim that Mr. Maduro dumped gang members into the United States.

Mr. Trump added:

"You didn't have drugs pouring into China. You didn't have all of the bad things that we've had.

 

You didn't have the jails of Taiwan opened up and the people pouring into China," or, he said later, criminals and others "pouring into Russia."

When a reporter noted that Mr. Xi regarded Taiwan as a separatist threat to China, Mr. Trump said:

"That's up to him, what he's going to be doing.

 

But, you know, I've expressed to him that I would be very unhappy if he did that, and I don't think he'll do that. I hope he doesn't."

Then, asked whether Mr. Xi might seize on recent events to attack or choke off Taiwan, he suggested that the Chinese leader would not dare to take that step while Mr. Trump was in office.

"He may do it after we have a different president, but I don't think he's going to do it with me as president," he said.

On the domestic front, Mr. Trump suggested that judges only have power to restrict his domestic policy agenda - from the deployment of the National Guard to the imposition of tariffs - "under certain circumstances."


But he was already considering workarounds.

 

He raised the possibility that if his tariffs issued under emergency authorities were struck down by the Supreme Court, he could repackage them as licensing fees.

 

And Mr. Trump, who said he was elected to 'restore law and order', reiterated that,

he was willing to invoke the Insurrection Act and deploy the military inside the United States and federalize some National Guard units if he felt it was important to do so.

So far, he said,

"I haven't really felt the need to do it"...

 

 

 

Video

 

 

An Interview With the President

 

 

 

Transcript:

 

0:02
2 seconds
All righty. We are on our way up through the West Wing, past the press secretary's office, past the uh cabinet
0:11
11 seconds
room, sitting under a great portrait of George Washington in his younger days.
0:20
20 seconds
Come on, guys. You ready for us? Come on inside.
0:23
23 seconds
From the New York Times, I'm Michael Barbaro. This is the Daily. How are you? Good. Good to see you, Mr. President. Did you see that? Just came out.
0:32
32 seconds
Number one on Tik Tok. Trump. All right.
0:34
34 seconds
I'm a little older than the average age on Tik Tok.
0:37
37 seconds
On Wednesday [music] night, in the middle of a defining moment for President Trump's second term.
0:42
42 seconds
Well, thank you, Mr. President, for seeing us. You know, everybody, I do. I do. You Katie Rogers. Hi, Katie. And of course, Tyler.
0:50
50 seconds
Nice to see you.
0:51
51 seconds
Four White House reporters from the Times sat down [music] with him for an extended interview in the Oval Office. Did you see my various truths today?
1:00
1 minute
They were sort of they were sort of sparkling sparkling today. One [music] of them, David
1:08
1 minute, 8 seconds
Sanger, walks us through their conversation.
1:18
1 minute, 18 seconds
It's Friday, January 9th.
1:26
1 minute, 26 seconds
So, David, four New York Times reporters walk into the Oval Office. What could possibly go wrong?
1:34
1 minute, 34 seconds
Sounds like a the setup to a punch line. Tell us about this experience.
1:39
1 minute, 39 seconds
Well, the president's second term is about to hit its one-year mark. And I think it's a considerable understatement
1:46
1 minute, 46 seconds
for anybody who's been listening to the Daily or reading the Times to say that this is truly one of the most pivotal moments in modern American history.
1:58
1 minute, 58 seconds
Mhm.
1:58
1 minute, 58 seconds
Trump has just executed his most audacious overseas intervention.
2:05
2 minutes, 5 seconds
I've been talking to him for a couple of weeks about sitting down for a full on
2:11
2 minutes, 11 seconds
thereord New York Times interview. As you know, the relationship between President Trump and the New York Times has been occasionally slightly fraught.
2:20
2 minutes, 20 seconds
Yeah. And latigious. And latigious.
2:22
2 minutes, 22 seconds
He sued us over the past few months only for $15 billion. But in the end, he very happily agreed to it. And we were told that the moment would be 5:00 p.m.
2:33
2 minutes, 33 seconds
on Wednesday night. Mhm.
2:35
2 minutes, 35 seconds
And we actually thought that was a good piece of timing cuz we figured we would probably be his last appointment of the day. Right.
2:43
2 minutes, 43 seconds
And anybody who has dealt with Donald Trump, and I've dealt with him for a few years, knows that if you're the last appointment of the day, you're likely to be sticking around for a while.
2:53
2 minutes, 53 seconds
Mhm.
2:54
2 minutes, 54 seconds
We didn't leave the White House till after 9:00 p.m.
2:57
2 minutes, 57 seconds
Right. You got a meaningful chunk of his time.
3:01
3 minutes, 1 second
We did. Interrupted some by a few side moments, including the president wanting to show us some of his architectural
3:10
3 minutes, 10 seconds
plans and visit what he's done up in the residence and so forth. But a good oh just shy of two hours of it was an
3:19
3 minutes, 19 seconds
actual deep probing conversation about this past year, foreign and domestic issues. And our goal, Michael, was to
3:28
3 minutes, 28 seconds
try to do something deeper and hopefully more revealing than what the president does every day
3:35
3 minutes, 35 seconds
when he stands up briefly in front of reporters on Air Force One or does a
3:43
3 minutes, 43 seconds
gaggle, as they call it, around the Resolute Desk. And readers and listeners are going to have to determine if you succeeded.
3:50
3 minutes, 50 seconds
Yeah.
3:52
3 minutes, 52 seconds
All right. Well, to that point, walk us through the interview. Sit down, please.
3:59
3 minutes, 59 seconds
So, we settled in, sat down, arrayed around the Resolute desk. It was me and Tyler Pager, Zolan Cano Young's, and Katie Rogers.
4:09
4 minutes, 9 seconds
Mhm.
4:11
4 minutes, 11 seconds
Marco, why don't you join us for a couple of minutes? Is that okay?
4:14
4 minutes, 14 seconds
Already inside the Oval Office was Secretary of State Marco Rubio. We were about to learn why. And right away, Michael, we had to sort through a few
4:23
4 minutes, 23 seconds
logistics. So we have an understand this is only used for your reporting.
4:26
4 minutes, 26 seconds
So this is what we wanted to ask you about. I think in two different interviews in the first term we used the audio to go on the daily and the first
4:35
4 minutes, 35 seconds
thing we had to go do was negotiate that we could actually use this recording for the daily.
4:40
4 minutes, 40 seconds
Right. Thank you. Because without that negotiation we don't have this episode.
4:44
4 minutes, 44 seconds
Anything for the daily. Michael, let's leave it for a little while. Fine.
4:48
4 minutes, 48 seconds
For a little while. We'll see how it goes. And we were just a few minutes into the conversation.
4:54
4 minutes, 54 seconds
Is he on the phone? So, can you turn that off for a second?
4:57
4 minutes, 57 seconds
When an aid came in and handed the president a note.
5:01
5 minutes, 1 second
He's about to have a a call with President Petro. And this call is off the record.
5:06
5 minutes, 6 seconds
Okay. Saying the president of Colombia was on the phone, the country, not the university. That's right.
5:13
5 minutes, 13 seconds
Can you turn them off? You give me a word.
5:15
5 minutes, 15 seconds
Yeah. Off. And what did that mean to you knowing that the president of Colombia was calling him in this moment?
5:22
5 minutes, 22 seconds
The first thing that came to mind was, "Oh, we have to get up and walk out." But just as I was getting up to go do that, the president waved at me just like, "No, David, please stay." Right?
5:33
5 minutes, 33 seconds
And the second thing that I thought was if the president of Colombia is calling,
5:40
5 minutes, 40 seconds
it's because he's worried about the fact that President Trump said just the other day he better watch his ass because he could be next.
5:51
5 minutes, 51 seconds
After Nicholas Maduro's ouster, he could be next to be ousted.
5:55
5 minutes, 55 seconds
That's right. And at just that moment, JD Vance came in and settled in next to Marco Rubio to listen to the conversation.
6:04
6 minutes, 4 seconds
Got it. Now, the conversation itself was off the record, but it turned out that some of our colleagues down in Colombia had just sat down with President Pro.
6:18
6 minutes, 18 seconds
So, we had New York Times reporters at both ends of this conversation. They had left before the call happened, but Petro
6:25
6 minutes, 25 seconds
was very clear with them. He said, "This is a scary moment for Colombia. This is Donald Trump. We could well get the
6:33
6 minutes, 33 seconds
Venezuela treatment." So, presumably, he's calling to beseech President Trump to treat him kindly. That's exactly right. Got it.
6:41
6 minutes, 41 seconds
So, the call ends. Okay, let's go. We turn our recorders back on.
6:46
6 minutes, 46 seconds
I hope that was interesting. Was that interesting to you?
6:48
6 minutes, 48 seconds
Very interesting. And that began a really wide-ranging conversation. And in the first part, not surprisingly, we spent a lot of time on foreign policy.
6:59
6 minutes, 59 seconds
Great. So, let me tell you where we want to start. Um, your decision to capture Maduro and declare that the US was in
7:06
7 minutes, 6 seconds
charge for the foreseeable future, I think, raised a question of whether you believe, as your aid, Steven Miller, put it so clearly the other night, that
7:15
7 minutes, 15 seconds
international nicities are gone. That countries operate by strength. He I think he said, "Govern by strength,
7:22
7 minutes, 22 seconds
government by force, governed by power." And I think that left a lot of people wondering whether you believe you have the right as the world's largest
7:30
7 minutes, 30 seconds
superpower to go in and extinguish any threat or seize any resource you think is in the US interest particularly in
7:38
7 minutes, 38 seconds
the Western Hemisphere. If there's a threat, you use the word threat, you certainly would have the right, any country would have the right to do that.
7:46
7 minutes, 46 seconds
Uh without the threat, much less so. And frankly, I do believe in the nicities. I get along with a lot of people. I get along with
7:54
7 minutes, 54 seconds
for most presidents, military power is the very last resort after everything
8:02
8 minutes, 2 seconds
else, every form of diplomacy has failed you.
8:08
8 minutes, 8 seconds
So, I wanted to get the president focused on the question of what criteria he uses to exercise the most extreme and
8:18
8 minutes, 18 seconds
deadly form of American power, which is the military.
8:23
8 minutes, 23 seconds
but also try to figure out how much of a motivation in Venezuela was the fact
8:30
8 minutes, 30 seconds
that it's sitting on the world's largest reserves of oil. You've gone in in part to get a resource which you just declared today.
8:38
8 minutes, 38 seconds
Well, I got in I I got in for numerous reasons. Number one, the drugs are pouring into the country. You know that.
8:44
8 minutes, 44 seconds
Number two, the people are pouring into the country were. except now we have a 100% strong border.
8:50
8 minutes, 50 seconds
That all this talk about a threat from drugs, from criminals and all that might be secondary to his true motivation here.
9:00
9 minutes
No, the oil happened to be there.
9:02
9 minutes, 2 seconds
Don't forget the oil will take a while, but we have it set. Although we did get, you know, many barrels of oil today as you probably know.
9:13
9 minutes, 13 seconds
Uh and uh that's fine, but we didn't do that. We didn't even know about the all of the oil that was being stored there.
9:20
9 minutes, 20 seconds
So supposing you're Xi Jinping and you've watched the events of the past few days.
9:25
9 minutes, 25 seconds
And I wanted him to talk a little bit about the long-term implications of this, the precedent it sets. You may
9:33
9 minutes, 33 seconds
also be thinking that if you're Xi that you could use the same logic to decapitate and control Taiwan or why
9:41
9 minutes, 41 seconds
couldn't Putin use that argument, same argument, it's a threat to grab the rest of Ukraine or go beyond into other former Soviet states. In other words,
9:49
9 minutes, 49 seconds
have you created a precedent that you may come to regret later on?
9:53
9 minutes, 53 seconds
No, because this is this was a real threat. You didn't have people pouring into China. You didn't have drugs
10:01
10 minutes, 1 second
pouring into China. You didn't have all of the that what happens if you're Xi Jinping and you're watching this thinking, boy,
10:08
10 minutes, 8 seconds
this is useful when I'm justifying going after Taiwan.
10:13
10 minutes, 13 seconds
The president engaged on this, but I'm not sure he'd given it a huge amount of thought before we started discussing it.
10:20
10 minutes, 20 seconds
And uh that's up to him what he's going to be doing, but you know, I've expressed to him that I would be very unhappy if he did that.
10:29
10 minutes, 29 seconds
And at some point, Tyler Pager jumped back in to bring the topic back to the central question of Venezuela.
10:37
10 minutes, 37 seconds
How long do you think you'll be running Venezuela? Only time will tell. Like 3 months, 6 months, a year longer. I would say much longer than that.
10:45
10 minutes, 45 seconds
Much longer. And we have to rebuild.
10:48
10 minutes, 48 seconds
You have to rebuild the country. And we will rebuild it in a very profitable way.
10:53
10 minutes, 53 seconds
We're going to be uh using oil and we're going to be taking oil. We're getting oil prices down and we're going to be
10:59
10 minutes, 59 seconds
giving u money to Venezuela which they desperately need. We're going to be helping.
11:05
11 minutes, 5 seconds
One of the things that we all really wanted to know was what would it take for the president to actually send
11:14
11 minutes, 14 seconds
American forces back on the ground in Venezuela?
11:17
11 minutes, 17 seconds
On the importance of the military, what would trigger a decision to send ground troops into Venezuela?
11:23
11 minutes, 23 seconds
Uh, I wouldn't want to tell you that because, you know, I can't I can't give up information like that to a reporter as good as you may be. I just can't talk
11:32
11 minutes, 32 seconds
about that. There's a possibility I would do that. Absolutely. you know, a second because the US has really never tried an
11:39
11 minutes, 39 seconds
experiment like the one that we're seeing play out now, which is a kind of virtual or remote control occupation, right?
11:46
11 minutes, 46 seconds
Running a foreign country kind of by phone or by having an armada floating just offshore.
11:53
11 minutes, 53 seconds
Would you do it if you couldn't get at the oil? Would you do it if they didn't kick out the Chinese and Russian?
11:57
11 minutes, 57 seconds
I can't tell you that. Uh I really wouldn't want to tell you that, but they're treating us with great respect.
12:04
12 minutes, 4 seconds
As you know, we're getting along very well with the administration that is there right now. Uh they're giving us everything that we feel is necessary.
12:14
12 minutes, 14 seconds
But President Trump insisted to us that right now he's getting from the Venezuelan government, which is
12:22
12 minutes, 22 seconds
essentially all filled with Maduro's appointees.
12:27
12 minutes, 27 seconds
Everything that he wants, and most of what he wants is access to the oil.
12:32
12 minutes, 32 seconds
Given what has happened in Venezuela, the threats against Colombia, the discussions about taking Greenland,
12:40
12 minutes, 40 seconds
buying Greenland, however you're framing this right now, is there anything that you think can constrain your power on the world stage if you believe that something is against national security?
12:50
12 minutes, 50 seconds
Do you see any checks on your power on the world stage? Is there anything that could stop you if you wanted to?
12:56
12 minutes, 56 seconds
Yeah, there's one thing. My own morality, my own mind. That's the only thing that can stop international law. And that's very good.
13:05
13 minutes, 5 seconds
I don't need international law. I'm not looking to hurt people. I'm not looking to kill people. I've ended, remember this, I've ended eight wars. Nobody else
13:13
13 minutes, 13 seconds
has ever done that. I've ended eight wars and didn't get the Nobel Peace Prize. Pretty amazing. Obama got it. He was there for a few weeks and he got it.
13:24
13 minutes, 24 seconds
He didn't even know why he got it. They they asked him why did he get it. He was unable to answer the question. I ended eight wars. I if you look at those wars,
13:32
13 minutes, 32 seconds
these were tough wars to end too. And let me tell you, India and Pakistan were going at it as you know, they were going at it. But but that was one of eight,
13:40
13 minutes, 40 seconds
but we ended eight strong wars, some going on for more than 30 years.
13:45
13 minutes, 45 seconds
But do you feel your administration needs to abide by international law on the global stage?
13:50
13 minutes, 50 seconds
Yeah, I I do. I you know, I do. But it it depends what your definition of international law is. But the answer is
13:57
13 minutes, 57 seconds
I do. But we have to keep the United States safe. We have to keep parts of the world safe that we feel responsible
14:04
14 minutes, 4 seconds
for. NATO is not feared by Russia or China at all. Not even a little bit.
14:10
14 minutes, 10 seconds
We're tremendously. David, I found this exchange that the president had with Katie Rogers really fascinating because
14:17
14 minutes, 17 seconds
he is saying that at a moment when he is exercising power arguably as never before
14:25
14 minutes, 25 seconds
that international law is not much of a constraint on him. The only constraint
14:32
14 minutes, 32 seconds
really is his personal judgment. And he goes on to say that he thinks that situation, him exercising American
14:40
14 minutes, 40 seconds
[snorts] power kind of at his whim is what instills in our foes and even in
14:47
14 minutes, 47 seconds
our allies like NATO the respect and fear required to operate in this world.
14:53
14 minutes, 53 seconds
I think this is one of the most fascinating windows into the way President Trump thinks because as you
15:01
15 minutes, 1 second
just heard there, he views the only check on his power to be his own moral compass.
15:09
15 minutes, 9 seconds
Mhm.
15:10
15 minutes, 10 seconds
And that outside institutions, whether they're the UN or an international
15:17
15 minutes, 17 seconds
treaty, only means what he interprets it to mean. Mhm.
15:22
15 minutes, 22 seconds
And that tells you that he wants to operate as a leader with fundamentally no check at all because he thinks he's a
15:30
15 minutes, 30 seconds
good person and therefore the world can rely on his good judgments, his good judgment and his good heart.
15:39
15 minutes, 39 seconds
And so we thought we'd sort of stress test that by turning to Greenland.
15:44
15 minutes, 44 seconds
Can I circle back to what you had said about NATO? If you had to choose between obtaining Greenland and preserving NATO, what's your higher priority there?
15:54
15 minutes, 54 seconds
Well, I don't want to say that to you, but it may be a choice. You have to understand Russia is not at all concerned with NATO other than us. China
16:03
16 minutes, 3 seconds
is not at all concerned with NATO other than us because sadly, you know, Europe is becoming a much different place. And
16:12
16 minutes, 12 seconds
they really do have to shape up. I want them to shape up. I think we'll always get along with Europe. But what he's essentially saying is the US
16:21
16 minutes, 21 seconds
holds all the cards, has all the power, and NATO's not going to have a choice because there is no NATO without the
16:28
16 minutes, 28 seconds
United States. And therefore, if the price of keeping the alliance together is handing the US the right to control
16:38
16 minutes, 38 seconds
Greenland, they're going to do it because they don't have another choice.
16:44
16 minutes, 44 seconds
Are you prepared to send troops to Greenland if they do not give over the territory?
16:49
16 minutes, 49 seconds
Well, we already have troops in more troops to militarily take over.
16:53
16 minutes, 53 seconds
I mean, we take over. We have, you know, good section of troops and I've had troops there and and I've, you know, upped it.
17:01
17 minutes, 1 second
I was there this summer and you could send as many troops as you want. And you haven't done it. How come? Because I want to do it properly.
17:09
17 minutes, 9 seconds
And properly means own it. really it is to me it's ownership. Ownership is very important. You know why is ownership important here?
17:17
17 minutes, 17 seconds
Because that's what I feel is psychologically needed for success. I think that ownership gives you a thing
17:25
17 minutes, 25 seconds
that you can't do whether you're talking about a lease or a treaty. Uh ownership gives you things and elements that you can't get from just signing a document
17:33
17 minutes, 33 seconds
that you can have a important to you or to psychologically important for me. Now, maybe another president would feel differently, but so far I've been right about everything.
17:42
17 minutes, 42 seconds
And you would use military force to get that. I didn't say that. You said that. I'm asking you, would you?
17:48
17 minutes, 48 seconds
Yeah. I wouldn't comment on that. It's I don't think it'll be necessary.
17:53
17 minutes, 53 seconds
And can you just explain what he means by that? The psychological value of owning Greenland, not just
18:01
18 minutes, 1 second
controlling it, not just having a lot of influence over it, but owning it. The way I read it was, "Hey, I spent my life
18:10
18 minutes, 10 seconds
as a real estate developer and I know that you have way more control if you own than if you lease."
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But that also means I fundamentally don't believe in relying on alliances.
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and the fact that Denmark, a member of NATO, a member of NATO, which basically controls and protects Greenland, it's
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not enough for him to have an ally that he's got to do it himself. Now, you got to ask yourself, where does that
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logic end, right? Does it end with China taking over Taiwan? Does it end with Russia taking over Ukraine?
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18 minutes, 48 seconds
Does it end with the United States demanding that doesn't stop at Greenland? Maybe we need Iceland as well. So David, based on how the
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president talked about the use of American power overseas and especially the use of American military power overseas, what were you left thinking by the end
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of this part of the interview? I was left thinking that the president feels himself unconstrained by law,
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convention, or the systems that the United States itself built at the end of World War II after the world had gone
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through two horrific NATO and the entire system of international law.
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19 minutes, 25 seconds
That's right. But at the same time that he's not a wararmonger, right? He actually does want that peace prize. He
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does want to be known as a president of peace. And yet when he's given the choice between long, slow, boring
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diplomacy and quick action by special operations breaking down doors, he'll go for the special operators.
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19 minutes, 53 seconds
What you're describing is a set of extraordinary contradictions even for Donald Trump.
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19 minutes, 59 seconds
Absolutely. And that is what is both maddening and fascinating about covering the Trump presidency
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because you're not going to fit this man into some simple set of theories. He is a bundle of contradictions.
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[music]
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Well, David, after the break, we are going to turn to a similar bundle of contradictions when it comes to domestic affairs. We'll be right back.
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[music]
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[music]
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on behalf of both of them. Have they got us?
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20 minutes, 56 seconds
I want to make sure we have time for domestic policy too. Um uh ICE did shoot and kill an American citizen today according to early reports.
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21 minutes, 5 seconds
David, tell us about the conversation that the four of you had with the president about domestic issues. Well,
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Zolan kicked it off with questions about this horrifying scene we had all just seen play out in Minneapolis just hours before.
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Uh we have also seen protesters met with violent tactics and pepper spray. In some cases, American citizens have also
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been wrongfully detained. Do any of these incidents or tactics make you think ICE has gone too far?
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Well, I think that ISIS has been treated very badly. Don't forget, I got rid of thousands and thousands of killers, murderers. They've gotten rid of
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thousands of people that were led into our country during the Biden administration so stupidly. Uh they're very they're very brave, very citizen was shot today.
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That's right. Does this make you uncomfortable?
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Well, I Everything makes me uncomfortable. I want to see nobody get shot. I want to see nobody screaming and trying to run over policemen either or,
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you know, law enforceed by local officials in the Well, if you take a look at the tape, I saw the same tape that you must have seen. I just saw it. There were several there were several angles on that.
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Well, I know. But if you take a look at that, that was a vicious situation that took place. And if you go before that,
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and in my opinion, the the screamer, that woman that was screaming shame, shame, shame, that's not normal. That was a practiced, rehearsed, professional agitator.
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Even so, are those appropriate policing tactics for somebody to fire into a vehicle like that in your mind? Is that Well, they ran him over. I mean, they ran
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and Trump just sort of reflexively defended the officers and claimed that the driver had run over one of them
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and we had all seen this video and immediately sort of stepped in to challenge the account tried to run.
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Video didn't look like he was he was run over.
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Well, I'd play the tape for you right now. Do you want to just whip it out?
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Looked to me to be very bad. I I just put out the tape. And so Trump said, "Well, let's just watch it together."
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And to our surprise, that's exactly what happened.
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Have any of these have any of these tactics made you uncomfortable? You know, you've had citizens that have also been wrongfully detained here? Yeah, we've seen that one.
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We've seen that video. Yeah.
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One of his aids brought over a laptop, slowed down a a version of the tape.
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Does not look like the ICE officer has been run over there. And then maybe from a different angle we would see. The way I look at it.
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Oh, sure. If you look at that, it's terrible scene.
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Yeah, we all agree on.
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You say it's horrible to watch. You said that on truth. So, do you think that goes I hate to see it. It was sort of a strange form of real time factchecking
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of the president with it clear that the president wasn't entirely comfortable with what he was seeing on that laptop.
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Mhm. Or what these ICE agents were doing.
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So just take a step back here because this and then from there the president sort of turn to a a different topic about
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what the real aim of the president's immigration restrictions are and who they're supposed to target. challenge, but I do.
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Your administration has also suggested that some people who are naturalized citizens could see their citizenship strict. Uh, which groups do you think should lose citizenship?
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Well, I think Somalia is a disaster to be honest with you. I look at what's happening in Minnesota and you look at this country, it's one of the worst in
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the world. It's acknowledged to be truly one of the most corrupt, one of the most vicious, violent countries in the world.
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Uh, even the ships, they go after the ships. They don't do that anymore because if they go after the ships, you know what? They get hit by the same missile that we hit the drug dealers.
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Question is, would you strip them of their nationality? If they deserve to be stripped, I would. Yeah.
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25 minutes
So, what would the criteria you would Well, we're looking at criteria right now. But if they deserve to be stripped, David, I'd do it in a heartbeat. Yeah.
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You don't think that your comments about those of Somali descent have painted a broad brush on your own citizens?
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I don't care. I want great people in this country. I want people that love the country. And I think that many of the people that came in from Somalia
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uh they hate our country. They came and they and not only do they hate our country, they've ripped off our country.
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They've ripped it off. They've stolen billions of dollars. It's shocking from where they came, they had nothing. And they come here and they steal. And it's
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an embarrassment to the intelligence of the people of Minnesota and to the people of our country in your view that that they would be allowed to do
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it. I I I've heard many people that say this is generalizing in population and find these comments. You call it whatever you want.
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I want to ask if part of your immigration agenda is also aimed at changing the racial makeup of this country. No, not at all.
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Is part of this this agenda aimed at I just want people that love our country. It's very simple. I want people that love our country. I want people
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that respect our country, respect the laws of our country. And uh I want people that can embrace our country
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because you've you've support all refugees that can make America great again. You have a tra on the majority African. And Zolan raises an interesting point.
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The the only immigrants who can come in right now are white South Africans, right?
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Refugees the way of refugees.
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Well, I haven't seen that. I mean, I certainly haven't seen that. But over the years, it's been very much the opposite of that. Very, very much the
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opposite of that. Uh people are coming into our country. Nobody's doing it based on race.
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Trump is positing to you all that his immigration restrictions are not about race. They're not intentionally about
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race when the reality is that they are allowing for very few people of color to
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enter the country. The people who are banned from entering the US right now and there are bans on a lot of countries. They are
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almost uniformly from countries where the populations are black and brown. The very few people he is letting in are
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white. The pattern becomes difficult to ignore. It sure does. And look, he says
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he just wants people who love this country to be allowed in. But what we're
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learning is he basically only wants to favor white South Africans as I raised
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with him or the immigrants he wants the most are those who bring special skills
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that can help our economy and uh that's a a very select group.
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Do you think some industries still need immigrant labor? Yes. Which ones?
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They need inexpensive Well, they're different things. We need people to come in. Just so you understand something, [snorts] I'm all for people coming into our country through the border legally.
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If they come in legally, I want them more than they want me and more than they want this country. And if you look at my first term and if you look at this
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term, I want we need people. We're building factories all over the country who are building. You said, but I want them to come in to be
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protected respectfully. I want them to come in legally. But you said agriculture and hotels uh that you wanted ICE to use common sense against
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them, right? I want them to use Have you directed ICE to ease deportations against those industries?
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Yes. Are there other industries that you've directed ICE?
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Because I watch farmers and I deal with farmers and I want 90% of the farmers, more than that, and they're great people. And they have great people
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working for them who have been working for them for 25 years. They're almost like a member of the family.
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Are there other in those people thrown out of the country? Are there other industries or companies that you've directed ICE to ease deportations on?
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No, the South Korean case some some service industries uh some I'll give you an example in Georgia with South Korea.
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They make batteries. Batteries are very complex and they're very dangerous to make and they make them and they brought
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in three or 4 hundred people who specialize in them all and they throw them out. And I was very angry about it. You know why? because
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they have to open a factory and you can't take a person off the street who's never seen a battery before and think that they're going to make highly complex batteries.
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He actually invoked the ICE raid on that Kyai plant in Georgia where they deported a whole bunch of South Korean
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workers who were there setting up a a car battery factory.
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You have to allow them to bring some of their experts with them or they're never going to be able to open their plant. It
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sounds like you were angry at at ICE for this raid on the Hyundai facility.
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I was not happy about it. Nope. I was not happy about it. Uh they're making batteries. Batteries are very dangerous
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and actually very complex and they brought people that make batteries and those people would have trained our people how to make batteries and at some
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point they would have gone back because they want to go back to their country.
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They might not. So, in Trump's telling here, and I was struck by this, that a fair number of American workers just may
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not be qualified to do the kind of highly technical manufacturing that he's prioritizing right now, something like,
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you know, car batteries. And what's interesting about that, of course, is, you know, President Trump runs on a message of remembering forgotten
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America, the bluecollar workingass Americans, you know, many of whom used to be in the manufacturing sector who need jobs now in the new economy. And
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he's kind of saying, let's be honest, a lot of those people, they can't do this work.
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Well, I think what he's saying is they certainly can't do it at the beginning.
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You can't just immigrants can.
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That's right. That you can't just drop a car battery factory and expect it to be up and running, right, without the help
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of the technical workers that they need to get it up and running and the American workers aren't going to catch on until that happens.
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To be honest, I'd love to be able to create an immigration policy that works for everyone.
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You like a comprehensive immigration reform?
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I would love to do it if it was possible. Is Congress willing to go do that? George Bush tried. If the Democrats would do it, I'd do it.
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I'd love to have a comprehensive uh immigration policy, something that really worked. It's about time for the country to have What would that look like?
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Excuse me.
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What would a comprehensive I don't want to go into that because it's a very uh it's a very ticklish subject, but I
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believe that uh there is a plan that can work for everybody.
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David, I wonder if you were as surprised as I was in listening to this interview by the president's sudden enthusiasm
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for something like comprehensive immigration reform. I'm sure you remember this as well as I do.
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Comprehensive immigration reform is a word that if a Republican invokes, they are in big, big trouble because it
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almost always implies that you're going to create a legal path for those here illegally. That's the comprehensive part
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of immigration reform. In the past, President Trump has sought to kill any form of comprehensive immigration reform. And suddenly he's saying, "I
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want this." You know, Michael, to hear President Trump come back and discuss this, I was
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sitting there thinking, "How is his own base going to go react to this?" Because yes, the core of it is
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you do find a pathway for at least some to get to citizenship. And I'm not sure the current Trump base is ready for that.
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Can we move on to the economy? I would like to ask you about uh Republican pollsters lately are warning that you
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and the party is losing ground with young voters, particularly young men who are concerned with job prospects. Could I have the Tik Tok uh thing?
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But what would you say to those young rigged polls? Look, the polls are rigged just like the writers. But there's these are Republican pollsters who are warning
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your party that you are not doing enough focus on American jobs.
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I can't tell you. I I think I'm very popular. This just came out from Tik Tok.
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It came out just recently that Donald Trump was number one on Tik Tok and the most popular person. So you can have these. I don't
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David on the economy. The president pretty forcefully waves off the idea,
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which we keep finding in poll after poll and in election results from the last
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off-year election, that voters, including many Republican voters, are
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persistently feeling anxious about the economy and they don't think he is focused enough on it. You know, we kept
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trying to steer him back to this to try to get him to think about the economic anxieties of ordinary Americans.
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Mr. President, so many voters voted for you because of the economy. And I think Katie just wanted to get out.
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The economy is probably the best. It's Look, the economy right now, I have trillions and trillions of dollars coming into this economy, more than any
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nation has ever had by far. Our economy is unbelievable. And I'm bringing down the
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prices. Remember this. I didn't cause the high prices. Biden did.
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The Wait a minute. Wait, wait, wait one second. I inherited a mess. Listen. I inherited a mess.
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I inherited a highly inflated, horribly run country. The borders were bad. The military was bad. The Afghanistan was
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the worst worst day in the history of our country. Maybe in the I think it was the lowest point. Do you know what that was? The lowest point. And we may right now be at the highest point.
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There are good signs and the economy is growing. Wages are keeping up with inflation. But there are other indicators that people are are hurting.
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High earners. 10% of high earners make half of the economy grow.
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I'm bringing they're hurting because of Biden. I'm bringing No, high earners are not hurting. It's the low earners. It's the middle earners. It's the people that you promise to help. What do you say to If
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you look at my achievements, the greatest uh percentage-wise, the greatest beneficiaries of my economy in my first term were lowincome workers.
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And it's turning out to be right now blue collar workers are doing better than anybody else percentage- wise as they measure that. Uh I inherited a
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mess. It was high prices. It was high inflation. It was high crime. You know, did you see where murders are the lowest
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they've ever been? Did you see where crime is at the lowest point it's ever been? Do you know why? Because they closed the border and we don't have criminals pouring into our country.
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Mr. President, do you a few more on the economy? Do you think um are you basically telling Americans that they have to wait a little bit
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longer, particularly low and middle income Americans?
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No, it doesn't. I can't fix what they destroyed in four years immediately. But if you look at it, I have more
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investment income coming in than any president than any country has ever had.
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What I've done, I mean, it felt in these exchanges that this concept of the president as
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insulated from the American economic challenges of this moment was very vividly on display. And you don't sense
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that he is empathetic to those who are worried about the economy. In fact, he kind of disputes the premise that there is anything wrong with the economy.
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That's right. Or that new technology like artificial intelligence would bring about more economic anxiety.
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Mr. President, just on AI, there are many Americans who are concerned that AI is going to uh AI is going to take their jobs and they will not will be out of work. I
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think just the opposite. I think AI is going to be a tremendous job producer. I think that we have so many jobs. My biggest problem isn't taking the jobs,
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it's that we don't have enough people to fill the jobs and that's where robots come in. And so I I think you've got to come to your own
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conclusion about whether or not there's anything in this interview that would make an ordinary American feel better
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about supermarket prices or tightening job market or the anxieties that come
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from the arrival of a new and somewhat terrifying new technology that's going
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to have effects that none of us can predict. So David, how does this interview ultimately come to an end?
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Well, the president had stuff he wanted us to see.
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These are two personnel actions that Scavino's team asked the president to Oh, I'll sign it in two seconds. Sorry, sir.
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This is a much more important thing to do. So, this is the ballroom right here. It's beautiful. People love it.
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And after nearly two hours of conversation, he got up, started pointing out paintings he had dug out of the vault of the White House and hung.
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Oh, get the get me the model real fast.
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talked about his plans for the White House complex.
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All a reminder that while he is taking out the leader of Venezuela and threatening to re-engage with the
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Iranians and denying that there's any reason for people to be anxious about the economy.
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As an example, have you seen the white marble floor there? No.
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Well, I'm going back up. So, if you want, you could follow me. Yeah, that' be okay.
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Well, let me just finish this. So, he's also busy thinking about rebuilding the White House.
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39 minutes
Sir, do you want to show them the renovation?
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Yeah, let's go. Come on. That we had enough. Nice setup, right, Katie? Good. Two hours, Katie. I could go nine hours. We're going to continue.
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Sir, can I get two signatures?
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You know, I did a uh a treadmill with the military.
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Well, David, thank you very much for walking us through this fascinating conversation with the president. When we come back, we're going to ask that all
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four of you who conducted this interview sit down together and briefly reflect on the conversation and what you all took from it. So, we'll be right back.
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[music]
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So, Tyler, Katie, Zolan, David just walked us through the highlights of the interview that the four of you did with him because this went on for so long.
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There's inevitably a lot of material that we couldn't cover. So, I want to begin by just asking each of you, what's one thing he said that we probably
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didn't cover with David that's really going to stick with you when you reflect back on this interview, Katie? I think
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it's the degree to which the president throughout this interview really wanted
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credit and he wanted gestures of goodwill from people he wanted respect from be it Democrats, Republicans,
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members of the news media, the American public. And one of the ways I felt that that was manifesting during this whole
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encounter was he's building a ballroom where the East Wing used to be big enough to host an inauguration inside for future presidents.
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And he kept going back to this idea that he's a builder. He mentioned that maybe he was a better builder than he ever has
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been at politics. And at one point he summons a military aid to bring in an architectural rendering with miniature
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models of the ballroom and is sort of almost telling us and himself that building being built over there. They'll
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be thanking me as if this is the project that will do it. That will give him this credit that he has been seeking in this
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term, his last term, and throughout his time in public life. Zolan, what about you?
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Katie made the good point of how the president is so motivated by whether or not he's getting credit. And it's not
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just about whether he's getting credit now, but it seems he's also motivated by whether or not he got credit in the
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first term. And he did not seem bothered at all when we asked him about his relatives and the business deals and the
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money that they've made across the world throughout his second term. When we pressed him on this, he was saying,
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well, in his view, his family showed restraint in the first term and he didn't get credit.
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42 minutes
Showed restraint in terms of what he was willing to do in the name of making his family money.
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That's right. And thus now in this term, he said that he was pretty much unbothered about the business deals that
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his family has been able to pursue. All this, I think, speaks to a president who's so much more emboldened in this
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second term. And I think we saw up close and personal just how emboldened he is.
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Tyler, one thing that I think stood out to me, Michael, is a conversation we had about anti-semitism because it's become such a
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flash point within the Republican party as we see this intraparty warfare over whether or not there is space in the
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Republican party and the broader Make America Great Again movement for people who espouse anti-semitic views, influencers,
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right? And JD Vance, his vice president, said basically that as long as you love America, you're welcome. And he didn't
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want to institute purity, even if you're anti-semitic.
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Right? And I asked President Trump whether or not there was room in his movement for people with anti-semitic views. And he said, "No, I don't think
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we need them. I don't think we like them." And that puts him at odds with leading Republican figures, including his vice president, who seemed more open
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to including people who spread hateful views within the party.
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43 minutes, 20 seconds
It was a moment where he really came out quite strongly against people who spread anti-semitism when this debate is coursing through his movement and among
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his supporters, right? He's drawing a pretty bright red line there. So, one last question for each of you. What is your ultimate takeaway from this conversation?
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43 minutes, 38 seconds
For me, there were moments in this interview where it almost seemed like the president was a bystander to his own policies, to his own agenda. There were
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times where he would speak, for example, about an interest in comprehensive immigration reform and a potential pathway to citizenship.
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Well, he has also directed his aids to go pursue mass deportations. And you know, he talked about, well, ICE needs to be careful around certain industries.
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You run ICE.
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44 minutes, 4 seconds
Yeah, you run ICE. And also Steven Miller works for you. Steven Miller has been clear about pursuing mass deportations as well. So it was that
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44 minutes, 13 seconds
distance he almost seemed to sort of try to create between himself and in some of the actions that his administration is taking.
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44 minutes, 21 seconds
Yeah, that is fascinating. Katie, what about you?
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44 minutes, 24 seconds
My major takeaway from this is that there are many faces to President Trump and even throughout that interview. It
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44 minutes, 32 seconds
was a real exercise in wrangling those different personas because he was
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44 minutes, 40 seconds
combative. He was upbeat at times. He was very almost docel when we were asking him probing questions about his
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44 minutes, 47 seconds
health. And so instead of being the President Trump who has called reporters
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44 minutes, 54 seconds
sedicious for asking questions about his health, he allowed Tyler to ask him if he'd ever taken a GLP1 medication before. He said no.
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45 minutes, 4 seconds
Quick interjection. Oh yeah. What did he say?
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45 minutes, 5 seconds
He said he had not, but he probably should.
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45 minutes, 8 seconds
David asked him if he was on any blood thinners besides aspirin. The answer was no.
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45 minutes, 14 seconds
Yeah. Very personal questions. I asked him if he had ever had a heart attack.
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45 minutes, 18 seconds
These are questions no.
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45 minutes, 19 seconds
The answer was no. But the point is this was a different version of him and you never know which version of him you are
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45 minutes, 26 seconds
going to get and he knows that. He knows that if a foreign leader calls him that person does not know who is on the other end of the line.
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45 minutes, 35 seconds
Which persona?
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45 minutes, 37 seconds
Yes. And that means that this president can dangle consequences can show up as magnanimous. he can show up as
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threatening. I think that is my main takeaway going forward.
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45 minutes, 49 seconds
Fascinating. David, you know, all presidents in their second term turn more to foreign policy, not only because
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45 minutes, 58 seconds
they've got greater leverage and greater freedom, but because they want to establish a legacy. And I think the
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46 minutes, 6 seconds
first thing I took away from it is this is somebody who thinks about building a foreign policy legacy and building
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46 minutes, 15 seconds
buildings. The second thing that really jumped out at me was that he was spending this time with the New
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46 minutes, 24 seconds
York Times because he really wants an approval for this new vision of a muscular America.
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46 minutes, 34 seconds
And I think he was making what he thought was a significant investment in trying to explain a new approach to
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46 minutes, 43 seconds
managing the globe. Tyler, what was remarkable to me as we were in there for quite some time was just
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46 minutes, 50 seconds
watching how the Oval Office operated and the bubble around the president to support all of his needs. Whether that's
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46 minutes, 57 seconds
him pressing the red button on his desk to get a Diet Coke or the aid that runs out multiple times of the Oval Office to
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47 minutes, 5 seconds
pick up different pieces of paper that he has requested she print out as evidence for whatever point he's making
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47 minutes, 12 seconds
or just the people walking in and out of the Oval Office with notes, whether that's a foreign leader on the call or an aid is waiting outside to him
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47 minutes, 21 seconds
combining meetings. There were documents he had to sign and he just had that person come in with the paperwork as we were sitting there for the interview.
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47 minutes, 31 seconds
His phone, his personal cell phone was ringing multiple times. He took one call from the Fox News anchor Brett Bear. But
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47 minutes, 37 seconds
it was really just quite amazing to see how chaotic, frankly, [music] the Oval
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47 minutes, 44 seconds
Office can be. And we've reported on how this unfolds, but I think sitting in the Oval Office for an extended period of
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47 minutes, 52 seconds
time and watching it up close really gives you the sense of how Trump makes decisions, how he thinks, and how his world [music] operates.
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48 minutes, 7 seconds
[music]
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48 minutes, 8 seconds
Well, to all four of you, thank you very much. Thank you. Thank you, Michael.
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48 minutes, 14 seconds
Here's
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48 minutes, 15 seconds
[music]
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48 minutes, 21 seconds
[music]
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48 minutes, 27 seconds
what else you need [music] to know today.
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48 minutes, 29 seconds
The A's are 52, the NAS are 47. The motion is agreed to. [music] The joint resolution will be placed on
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48 minutes, 35 seconds
the calendar. On Thursday, a bipartisan group of senators voted to advance a resolution that would force President
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48 minutes, 43 seconds
Trump to seek congressional authorization for continued military operations in Venezuela.
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48 minutes, 50 seconds
Five Republican senators joined all Democrats in backing the resolution. One of them, Republican Senator Rand Paul of
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48 minutes, 59 seconds
Kentucky, said that one factor behind his vote was Trump's suggestion made in his interview with the Times that the
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49 minutes, 7 seconds
United States might remain involved in Venezuela for years.
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49 minutes, 12 seconds
And in Minnesota, local authorities are accusing the federal government of blocking them from investigating why an
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49 minutes, 20 seconds
ICE [music] agent killed a 37year-old woman in her car. The accusation came as federal immigration agents in Portland,
49:28
49 minutes, 28 seconds
Oregon, shot two people in their car [music] on Thursday, apparently under similar circumstances.
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49 minutes, 36 seconds
Federal officials accused the two people in Oregon of weaponizing their car against [music] the agents.
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49 minutes, 50 seconds
Today's [music] episode was produced by Asta Chhaturvveni, Stella Tan, and Mary Wilson. It was edited by Rachel Quester with help from [music] Paige Cowed.
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50 minutes, 1 second
Contains music by Rowan Misto and Dan Powell and was engineered by Chris [music] Wood. Special thanks to Aphim Shapiro.
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50 minutes, 14 seconds
[music]
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50 minutes, 20 seconds
[music]
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50 minutes, 23 seconds
That's it for the daily. I'm Michael Boro. See you on Monday.