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by Bruce A. Perreault
2000
from
NuEnergy Website
Brooklyn Eagle July
10, 1932 Nikola Tesla states
I have harnessed the cosmic rays and
caused them to operate a motive device. Cosmic ray investigation
is a subject that is very close to me. I was the first to
discover these rays and I naturally feel toward them as I would
toward my own flesh and blood.
I have advanced a theory of the
cosmic rays and at every step of my investigations I have found
it completely justified.
The attractive features of the
cosmic rays is their constancy. They shower down on us
throughout the whole 24 hours, and if a plant is developed to
use their power it will not require devices for storing energy
as would be necessary with devices using wind, tide or sunlight.
All of my investigations seem to point to the conclusion that
they are small particles, each carrying so small a charge that
we are justified in calling them neutrons. They move with
great velocity, exceeding that of light.
More than 25 years ago I began my
efforts to harness the cosmic rays and I can now state that I
have succeeded in operating a motive device by means of them. I
will tell you in the most general way, the cosmic ray ionizes
the air, setting free many charges ions and electrons. These
charges are captured in a condenser which is made to discharge
through the circuit of the motor.
I have hopes of building my motor on
a large scale, but circumstances have not been favorable to
carrying out my plan.
Device to
Harness Cosmic Energy Claimed by Tesla
New York American
November 1st, 1933
"This new power for the driving of
the world's machinery will be derived from the energy which
operates the universe, the cosmic energy, whose central source
for the earth is the sun and which is everywhere present in
unlimited quantities."
This is a diagram of Tesla's first
radiant energy receiver.
It stored static electricity obtained from
the air and converted it to a usable form. Tesla's invention is a
simple version of T.H. Moray's device. Moray's device used a unique
rectifier (RE-valve) to efficiently capture the static electricity
from the surrounding air.
Moray's oscillator tubes (magnetron
transducers) utilized this high-voltage energy to generate an
internal secondary "cold" fusion reaction.
Stick an antenna up in the air, the
higher the better, and wire it to one side of a capacitor, the other
going to a good earth ground, and the potential difference will then
charge the capacitor.
Connect across the capacitor some sort of
switching device so that it can be discharged at rhythmic intervals,
and you have an oscillating electric output. T.H. Moray simply
expanded on Tesla's idea to use high-voltage to create ionic
oscillation.
Tesla's free-energy concept was patented in 1901 as an "Apparatus
for The Utilization of Radiant Energy."
The patent refers to "the sun, as well
as other sources of radiant energy, like cosmic rays," that the
device works at night is explained in terms of the night-time
availability of cosmic rays. Tesla also refers to the ground as "a
vast reservoir of negative electricity."
Tesla was fascinated by radiant energy and its free-energy
possibilities. He called the Crooke's radiometer, a device which has
vanes that spin in a vacuum when exposed to radiant energy "a
beautiful invention." He believed that it would become possible to
harness energy directly by "connecting to the very wheel-work of
nature."
On his 76th birthday at his yearly
ritual press conference, Tesla announced a "cosmic-ray motor" when
asked if it was more powerful than the Crooke's radiometer, he
answered,
"thousands of times more powerful."
In 1901 Nikola Tesla was one the first
to identify "radiant energy."
Tesla says that the source of this
energy is our Sun. He concluded that the Sun emits small particles,
each carrying so small of a charge, that they move with great
velocity, exceeding that of light. Tesla further states that these
particles are the neutron particles. Tesla believed that these
neutron particles were responsible for all radioactive reactions.
Radiant matter is in tune with these
neutron particles.
Radiant matter is simply a re-transmitter of
energy from one state to another.
How his
radiant energy receiver worked
From the electric Potential that exists between the elevated plate
(plus) and the ground (minus), energy builds up in the capacitor,
and, after
"a suitable time interval," the accumulated energy will "manifest
itself in a powerful discharge" that can do work.
The capacitor, says Tesla, should be,
"of considerable electrostatic
capacity," and its dielectric made of "the best quality mica,
for it has to withstand potentials that could rupture a weaker
dielectric."
Tesla gives various options for the
switching device. One is a rotary switch that resembles a Tesla
circuit controller, another is an electrostatic device consisting of
two very light, membranous conductors suspended in a vacuum.
These sense the energy build-up in the
capacitor, one charging positive, the other negative, and, at a
certain charge level, are attracted, touch, and thus fire the
capacitor. Tesla also mentions another switching device consisting
of a minute air gap or weak dielectric film that breaks down
suddenly when a certain potential is reached.
Tesla received two patents for this radiant energy device
Both these patents were filed on March 21, 1901 and granted on
November 5, 1901.
In these patents he explains:
"The sun, as well as other sources
of radiant energy throw off minute particles of matter
positively electrified, which, impinging upon the upper plate,
communicate continuously an electrical charge to the same.
The opposite terminal of the
condenser being connected to ground, which may be considered as
a vast reservoir of negative electricity, a feeble current flows
continuously into the condenser and inasmuch as the particles
are ...charged to a very high potential, this charging of the
condenser may continue, as I have actually observed, almost
indefinitely, even to the point of rupturing the dielectric."
The Earth's
Electrostatic Charge
Tesla's intent was to condense the energy trapped between the earth
and its upper atmosphere and to transform it into an electric
current.
He pictured the sun as an immense
ball
of electricity, positively charged with a potential of some 200
billion volts. The earth, on the other hand, is charged with
negative electricity. The tremendous electrical force between these
two bodies constituted, at least in part, what he called cosmic
energy. It varied from night to day and from season to season but it
is always present.
The positive particles are stopped at the ionosphere and between it
and the negative charges in the ground, a distance of 60 miles,
there is a large difference of voltage - something on the order of
360,000 volts.
With the gases of the atmosphere acting as an
insulator between these two opposite stores of electrical charges,
the region between the ground and the edge of space traps a great
deal of energy. Despite the large size of the planet, it is
electrically like a capacitor which keeps positive and negative
charges apart by using the air as a non-conducting material as an
insulator.
The earth has a charge of 96,500 coulombs.
With a potential of
360,000 volts, the earth constitutes a capacitor of .25 farads
(farads = coulombs/volts). If the formula for calculating the energy
stored in a capacitor (E =1/2CV2) is applied to the
earth, it turns out that the ambient medium contains 1.6 x 1011
joules or 4.5 megawatt-hours of electrical energy.
In order to utilize this high-voltage
energy you must do two things - make an energy sink and then devise
a way of making the "sink" oscillate.
"Zero-Point
Energy?"
Such a "sink" has to be at a lower energy state than the surrounding
medium and, for the energy to continually flow into it, the energy
must be continually pumped out of it.
Additionally, this "sink" must maintain
a lower energy state while meeting the power requirements of the
load attached to it. Electrical energy, watt-seconds, is a product
of volts x amps x seconds. Because the period of oscillation does
not change, either voltage or current has to be the variable in this
system's energy equation. Bifilar wound coils are used in the system
because a bifilar wound coil maximizes the voltage difference
between its turns, the current is then minimized.
A coil in our system, then, will be set into oscillation at its
resonant frequency by an external power source. During the
"zero-point" portion of its cycle the coil will appear as one plate
of a capacitor. As the voltage across the coil increases, the amount
of charge it can siphon will increase.
The energy that is taken into the coil
through the small energy window (zero-point), call it what you will,
appears to be the key to the success of this system. It is at this
zero-point where energy is
condensed into positive and negative components of current. When
energy escapes from the "sink" the magnetic field collapses and a
strong magnetic quake is created in it's wake.
A properly tuned system can capture and
convert radiant energy in such a prescribed arrangement.
Energy
Directly from the Atom
The radiant energy system is a self-oscillating capacitive system.
Once it is set into oscillation, very
little power is expended in keeping it going. Because it is an
electrostatic oscillating system, only a small amount of charge
moves through the system per cycle, that is, the coulomb per seconds
= amps are low.
If the charge is used at a low rate, the energy
stored in the system will be turned into heat at a slow rate
enabling the oscillations to continue for a long period of time.
Tesla's "Coil
For Electro Magnets," patent #512,340 is a very
special coil design because, unlike an ordinary coil made by turning
wire on a tube form, this one uses two wires laid next to each other
on a form but with the end of the first one connected to the
beginning of the second one. In this patent Tesla explains that the
double coil will store many times the energy of a conventional coil.[1]
Measurements of two coils of the same
size and with the same number of turns, one with a single, the other
with a bifilar winding, show differences in voltage gain. These
bifilar Tesla's coils can be explained solely on the basis of their
electrical activity. A bifilar coil is capable of holding more
charge than a single wound coil. When operated at resonance, the
distributed capacitance of the bifilar coil is able to overcome the
counter - electromotive force (E.M.F.) normal to
coils, inductive reactance.
Because of the electrical activity, a bifilar coil does not work
against itself in the form of a counter - E.M.F., the potential
across the coil quickly builds to a high value. The difference
between the turns becomes great enough that the energy is
practically all potential, at this point, the system becomes an
electrostatic oscillator.
Minimal work is done in my radiant energy system due to the absence
of wasted displacement currents.
As small heat losses occur, oscillations
are maintained by surplus charge generated by atomic catalytic
reactions, energy is siphoned from the kinetic moments of these
charges. Very low energy expenditure allows power delivery to an
electrical load over an extended time period without an external
fuel supply. After an initial input of energy from an outside
source, the radiant energy electrical generator will operate as a
very efficient device.
By reviewing history it is understandable why some inventions are
not commercialized. It is economics, not science, that is the main
factor. It will be remembered that alternating current was opposed
by powerful financiers in Tesla's time.
Michael Pupin, noted in his autobiography:
"...captains of industry...who were
afraid that they would have to scrap some of their direct
current apparatus and the plants for manufacturing it, if the
alternating current system received any support.
A most
un-American attitude...but ignorance and false notions prevailed
in the early nineties, because the captains of electrical
industries paid small attention to highly trained scientists."
[2]
Philadelphia
Public Ledger November 2, 1933 Tesla 'Harnesses' Cosmic Energy
Inventor announces discovery to displace fuel in driving machinery
Calls Sun main source
A principle by which power for driving
machinery of the world may be developed from the cosmic energy which
operates the universe, has been discovered by Nikola Tesla,
noted physicist and inventor of scientific devices, he announced
today.
This principle, which taps a source of
power described as "everywhere present in unlimited quantities" and
which may be transmitted by wire or wireless from central plants to
any part of the globe, will eliminate the need of coal, oil, gas or
any other of the common fuels, he said. Dr. Tesla in a statement
today at his hotel indicated the time was not far distant when the
principle would be ready for practical commercial development.
Asked whether the sudden introduction of
his principle would upset the present economic system, Dr. Tesla
replied,
"It is badly upset already."
He added that now as never before was
the time ripe for the development of new resources. While in its
present form, the theory calls for the development of energy in
central plants requiring vast machinery. Dr. Tesla said he might be
able to work out a plan for its use by individuals. The central
source of cosmic energy for the earth is the Sun, Dr. Tesla said,
but "night will not interrupt the flow of new power supply."
Clearly Tesla is not talking about an atomic reactor. He is
directly
converting ionized particles generated by radiant matter. It is not
nuclear energy as we know it today. Radiant Energy is directly
converted to electrical power!
Tesla believed that the Sun generates
highly charged particles and that radiant matter is a re-transmitter
of energy, it is this transfer of energy that could be used for
practical purposes.
References
[1] Nikola Tesla,
U.S. Patent #512,340, "COIL FOR
ELECTRO MAGNETS," he explains that a standard coil of 1000 turns
with a potential of 100 volts across it will have a difference
of .1 volt between turns. A similar bifilar coil will have a
potential of 50 volts between turns. In that the stored energy
is a function of the square of the voltages the energy in the
bifilar will be 502/.12 = 2500/.01 = 250,000 times greater than
the standard coil.
[2] Michael Pupin, From Immigrant to Inventor, Charles
Scribner's Sons, N.Y., pages 285-286, 1923.
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