Supply chains now crisscross the globe,
and most start where it's
hottest.
Natural disasters caused billions of dollars in damage last month alone, according to a recent report,
The economic loss from 300 Indian heat-wave deaths in April however is listed as "unknown."
That may not be the case for long, as such deaths are the latest canary in the coal mine - or any mine, rainforest, or valley across the Earth's hot middle, where the building blocks of the developed economies are gouged out of the ground.
Manufacturing these days involves facilities in multiple countries, each of which has a sequential role in taking raw materials a step closer to being finished products.
Imported materials may remain unfinished, even after they're exported to the next station on the international assembly line.
This "vertical specialization," it turns out, may have a blind spot when it comes to climate change, according to new research (Enhanced Economic Connectivity to Foster Heat Stress-Related Losses) from the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research.
Manufacturing is only as strong as the weakest, or in this case hottest, link in the supply chain.
The study is based on trade flows among 26 sectors within 186 countries.
Sifting through economic, population, and temperature data, Leonie Wenz and Anders Levermann found that the risk of economic losses from worker heat stress doubled from 2001 to 2011.
The losses percolated down supply chains almost imperceptibly.
But while the absolute losses are negligible at this point, Levermann said, the rate of change should be enough to call attention to the growing risks as the world warms.
Solomon Hsiang said that, similar trends in the U.S. amplified the economic impact of hurricanes on inland states by raising the cost of capital nationwide.
How heat affects worker productivity is a topic that's been studied a long time.
With hotter temperatures looming, researchers have studied what that means for whole economies.
An average annual temperature of about 55° Fahrenheit (13° Celsius) may be optimal working conditions. When the mercury rises past about 80°F, workers start to become less productive in industries like mining, construction, or forestry, where there's no escaping into an air conditioned offices.
While this Potsdam paper looked at the effects of heat, Levermann said he expects that other meteorological wallops getting the most attention - floods, drought, storms - will be shown to have a similar effect on what may be an increasingly fragile global manufacturing bucket brigade.
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