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28 January 2021
from
Transparency Website
Spanish version
Image: © Transparency International
180 Countries.
180 Scores.
How does your
country measure up?
Not only does
corruption undermine
the global
health response to COVID-19,
but it also
contributes to a
continuing
crisis of democracy.
This year's
Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) paints a grim picture
of the state of corruption worldwide.
While most
countries have made little to no progress in tackling
corruption in almost a decade, more than two-thirds of
countries score below 50.
Our
research shows corruption not only undermines the global
health response to COVID-19, but also contributes to a
continuing crisis of democracy.
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COVID-19 is not
just
a health and
economic crisis.
It's a
corruption crisis.
And one that
we're currently
failing to
manage.
Delia
Ferreira Rubio
Chair, Transparency International
In a nutshell
The index, which ranks 180 countries and territories by their
perceived levels of public sector corruption according to experts
and businesspeople, uses a scale of zero to 100, where zero is
highly corrupt and 100 is very clean.
Like previous years, more than two-thirds of countries score below
50 on this year's CPI, with an average score of just 43. The data
shows that despite some progress, most countries still fail to
tackle corruption effectively.
The CPI uses a scale of 0 to 100
43/100 Average country score -
50/100 More than 2/3 of countries score below 50
Results
The top countries on the CPI are Denmark and New Zealand, with
scores of 88, followed by Finland, Singapore, Sweden and
Switzerland, with scores of 85 each.
The bottom countries are South Sudan and Somalia, with scores of 12
each, followed by Syria (14), Yemen (15) and Venezuela (15).
Top Countries
Bottom Countries
Since 2012, 26 countries
improved their CPI scores, including,
In
the same period, 22 countries decreased their scores, including,
-
Lebanon
-
Malawi
-
Bosnia & Herzegovina
*In these six examples,
we report the year between 2012 and 2020
from which the score change
is statistically significant.
COVID-19 and
corruption
Corruption undermines an equitable response to COVID-19 and other
crises, highlighting the importance of transparency and
anti-corruption measures in emergency situations.
Reports show
corruption is prevalent across the COVID-19
response,
-
from
bribery for COVID-19 tests, treatment and other health
services
-
to public
procurement of medical supplies and overall emergency
preparedness.
Our analysis
reveals that countries that perform well on the index invest more in
health care, are better able to provide universal coverage and are
less likely to violate democratic norms or the rule of law when
responding to a crisis.
Read more...
Additional Information:
Regional results
The highest scoring region is Western Europe and the European Union
with an average score of 66.
The lowest scoring
regions are Sub-Saharan Africa (32) and Eastern Europe and Central
Asia (36).
Recommendations
To fight
COVID-19 and curb corruption, it is
essential for countries to:
-
Strengthen
oversight institutions
The COVID-19 response exposed vulnerabilities of weak
oversight and inadequate transparency.
To ensure
resources reach those most in need and are not subject to
theft by the corrupt, anti-corruption authorities and
oversight institutions must have sufficient funds, resources
and independence to perform their duties.
-
Ensure open
and transparent contracting
Many governments have drastically relaxed procurement
processes.
These rushed and
opaque procedures provide ample opportunity for corruption
and the diversion of public resources.
Contracting
processes must remain open and transparent to combat
wrongdoing, identify conflicts of interest and ensure fair
pricing.
-
Defend
democracy, promote civic space
The COVID-19 crisis exacerbated democratic decline, with
some governments exploiting the pandemic to suspend
parliaments, renounce public accountability mechanisms and
incite violence against dissidents.
To defend civic
space, civil society groups and the media must have the
enabling conditions to hold governments accountable.
-
Publish
relevant data, guarantee access
The publication of disaggregated data on spending and
distribution of resources is particularly relevant in
emergency situations, to ensure fair and equitable policy
responses.
Governments
should also ensure people receive easy, accessible, timely
and meaningful information by guaranteeing their right to
access information.
Corruption Perceptions
Index Explained
by Transparency International
January 21,
2019
from
YouTube Website
The
Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) was established in
1995 as a composite indicator used to measure
perceptions of corruption in the public sector in
different countries around the world.
During the past 20
years, both the sources used to compile the index and
the methodology have been adjusted and refined.
In 2012,
important changes were made to the methodology to allow
for score comparison across time, which was not possible
prior to 2012.
The methodology follows four basic steps: selection of
source data, rescaling source data, aggregating the
rescaled data and then reporting a measure for
uncertainty.
The calculation process also incorporates a
strict quality control mechanism which consists of
parallel independent data collection and calculations
conducted by two inhouse researchers and two academic
advisors with no affiliation to Transparency
International.
Learn more:
https://www.transparency.org/cpi
The CPI Explained
The index,
which ranks 180 countries and territories by their perceived
levels of public sector corruption according to experts and
businesspeople, uses a scale of zero to 100,
where zero is
highly corrupt and 100 is very clean...
Like previous
years, more than two-thirds of countries score below 50 on this
year's CPI, with an average score of just 43.
The data shows
that despite some progress, most countries still fail to tackle
corruption effectively...
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