by R. William Davis
July 4, 1996
Louisville, Kentucky
from
Sumeria Website
recovered through
WayBackMachine Website
An Open Letter to All Americans
Documented Evidence of a Secret Business
and Political Alliance
Between the U.S. "Establishment" and the Nazis -
Before, During and After World War II - up to
the Present
PREFACE
Before the
Gatewood Galbraith for
Governor Campaign in 1991, few Kentuckians knew that the plant
that the federal government had demonized for over 50 years as
"Marijuana - Assassin of Youth," was, in fact, Cannabis Hemp,
the most traded commodity in the world until the mid-1800s, and
our state's number one crop, industry, and most important source
of revenue, for over 150 years.
Today, thanks to the efforts of pioneer hemp researchers and
public advocates such as Galbraith, Jack Fraizer, Jack Herer,
Chris Conrad, Ed Rosenthal, Don Wirtshafter and others, the
federal government's unjustifiable suppression of our state's
right to develop our most valuable and versatile natural
resource, is facing increasing opposition from an informed
public.
Hemp is now recognized as the
number one agriculturally renewable raw material in the world,
and perhaps the only crop/industry which can guarantee us
industrial and economic independence from the trans-national
corporations.
"Shadow of the Swastika" is a follow-up to my earlier work, "Cannabis
Hemp: the Invisible Prohibition Revealed," which I
wrote and published in support of the Galbraith Campaign.
Since publication of that booklet,
there has been growing public acceptance of the evidence that
Marijuana Prohibition was created in 1937, not to protect
society from the "evils of the drug Marijuana," as the Federal
government claimed, but as an act of deliberate economic and
industrial sabotage against the re-emerging Industrial Hemp
Industry.
Previous investigations by hemp researchers have been limited to
the suppression of free-market competition from the hemp
industry, and focused on the activities of three prominent
members of America's corporate, industrial and banking
establishment during the mid- to late-1930s:
WILLIAM RANDOLPH HEARST,
the newspaper and magazine tycoon.
The expected rebirth of cannabis hemp as a less expensive
source of pulp for paper meant his millions of acres of
prime timberland, and investment in wood pulp papermaking
equipment, would soon be worth much less.
In the 1920s, about the same
time as the equipment was developed to economically
mass-produce raw hemp into pulp and fiber for paper, he
began the "Reefer Madness" hoax in his newspaper and
magazine publications.
ANDREW MELLON,
founder of the Gulf Oil Corporation.
He knew that cannabis hemp was an alternative industrial raw
material for the production of thousands of products,
including fuel and plastics, which, if allowed to compete in
the free-market, would threaten the future profits of the
oil companies.
As Secretary of the Treasury he
created the Federal Bureau of Narcotics, and appointed his
own future nephew-in-law, Harry Anslinger, as director.
Anslinger would later use the sensational, and totally
fabricated, articles published by Hearst, to push the
Marijuana Tax Act of 1937 through Congress, which
successfully destroyed the rebirth of the cannabis hemp
industry.
A prominent member of one Congressional subcommittee who
voted in favor of this bill was Joseph Guffey of
Pennsylvania, an oil tycoon and former business partner of
Andrew Mellon in the Spindletop oil fields in Texas.
THE DU PONT CHEMICAL CORPORATION,
which owned the patents on synthetic petrochemicals and
industrial processes that promised billions of dollars in
future profits from the sale of wood pulp paper, lead
additives for gasoline, synthetic fibers and plastics, if
hemp could be suppressed.
At the time,
du Pont family influence in
both government and the private sector was unmatched,
according to historians and journalists.
This publication, however, reveals
documented historical evidence that the suppression of the hemp
industry was only one key part of a much larger conspiracy in
the 1930s, not only by the three corporate interests named
above, but by many others, as well.
Congressional records, FBI reports and investigations by the
Justice Department, during the 1930s and 1940s, have already
documented evidence of this wider plot.
A list of the corporations named
include,
-
Du Pont
-
Standard Oil
-
General Motors,
...all of which were proven to be
conspiring with Nazi industrial cartels to eliminate competition
world-wide and divide among themselves the Earth's industrial
resources and commercial markets, for profitable exploitation.
This conspiracy succeeded.
It is now obvious that this lack of
serious competition in the industrial raw materials market
caused our present - and totally contrived - addiction to
petrochemicals. Its success is directly responsible for the
most troubling problems we now face in the 1990s; serious damage
to our environment, concentration of economic and political
power into fewer and fewer hands, and the weakening of the
rights of individuals and states to determine their own futures.
It is more and more evident that, given the historical record,
the structure of
the New World Order is being
built upon the Foundation of Marijuana Prohibition, and only the
relegalization of free-market hemp competition can save us.
R. William Davis
July 4, 1996
Louisville, Kentucky
INTRODUCTION
To clearly understand the circumstances which existed during the
1930s and 1940s, and are the subject of this booklet, it would be
helpful to first put the hemp/petrochemical conflict into historical
perspective.
The events which took place in the years
leading up to World War II were a continuation of a struggle between
agricultural and industrial interests that began before the American
Revolution, a struggle which has yet to be decided, even today.
AGRICULTURE VS. INDUSTRY
The historical record, at least as it has been presented to us in
the public school system, is that the Civil War was fought to end
slavery.
This is not the whole story. The truth
of the matter is that it was also a clash between Northern
industrialists and Southern agriculturists, over control of the
expansion into the newly opened West.
In 1845, Abraham Lincoln wrote,
"I hold it a paramount duty of us in
the free states due to the union of the states, and perhaps to
liberty itself, to let the slavery of other states alone."
(1)
Concerning the Western territories, he
said,
"The whole Nation is interested that
the best use shall be made of these territories. We want them
for homes and free white people. This they cannot be, to any
considerable extent, if slavery be planted within them."
(2)
Lincoln was caught in the middle between
the Northern industrialists and the Southern agriculturists, who
both wanted to dominate Western expansion because of the wealth it
offered.
The industrialists knew that the
agriculturists depended on slavery because cotton, upon which
Southern wealth was based, was very labor intensive and required the
inexpensive labor that slavery provided.
They knew that if the Western lands were
declared "free states" then the Southern agriculturists would be
unable to compete, and would be forced to leave Western expansion,
and its potential profits, to the Northern industrialists.
Quoting "The Irony of Democracy," by Thomas R. Dye and T.
Harmon Zeigler,
"The importance of the Civil War for
America's elite structure was the commanding position that the
new industrial capitalists won during the course of the
struggle... The economic transformation of the United States
from an agricultural to an industrial nation reached the
crescendo of a revolution in the second half of the nineteenth
century.
"Civil War profits compounded the capital of the industrialists
and placed them in a position to dominate the economic life of
the nation. Moreover, when the Southern planters were removed
from the national scene, the government in Washington became the
exclusive domain of the new industrial leaders." (3)
The Northern industrialists used this
increased capital to build the system of transcontinental railways,
linking the Northeast with both the South and West.
The labor for this undertaking was from
the Northeastern Establishment's own source of cheap labor -
recently freed slaves and poor immigrants from Europe and China -
who suffered under living conditions which were often little better
than those which existed under the Slave System just a few years
before.
It was during the years between the Civil War and the beginning of
the Twentieth Century that the Northern industrialists altered the
role of the American government.
Originally established by the Revolution
to protect and preserve the lives, property and freedoms of all
Americans from repressive government, it was transformed into an
agency to protect the economic future of Northern industrialists.
"[T]he industrial elites," according
to Dye and Zeigler, "saw no objection to legislation if it
furthered their success in business. Unrestricted competition
might prove who was the fittest, but as an added precaution to
insure that the industrial capitalists themselves emerged as the
fittest, these new elites also insisted upon government
subsidies, patents, tariffs, loans, and massive giveaways of
land and other natural resources." (4)
The struggle between Western farmers and
the railroads owned by the Northern industrialists is a good
example.
To protect their interests, citizens
created "the Grange," an organization which helped to enact state
laws regulating the "ruthless aggression" of the railroads. In 1877,
these laws were upheld by the Supreme Court in the Munn v. Illinois
decision.
But, a few years later, Justice
Stephen A. Field changed the role, and the very definition, of
the corporation. He gave a new interpretation to the Fourteenth
Amendment that actually gave corporations legal status as
citizens... as artificial persons. (5)
It was not long after this change in the interpretation of the
Fourteenth Amendment that
John D. Rockefeller, the
father of the modern-day corporation, created the great Standard
Oil Corporation which, by the late 1880s, gained control over 90% of
all the oil refineries in America. (6)
The roots of 20th Century American politics can best be
illustrated by the 1896 Presidential Election, won by Republican
William McKinley by a landslide. The McKinley campaign was directed
by Marcus Alonzo Hanna of Standard Oil and raised a $16,000,000
campaign fund from wealthy fellow industrialists, (an amount that
was unmatched in Presidential campaigns until the 1960s).
The major theme of the campaign, and one
that would echo far into the future, was,
"what's good for business is good
for the country." (7)
This emerging political and judicial
misuse of power in America was feared by Thomas Jefferson who, in
1787, wrote,
"I think our governments will remain
virtuous for many centuries; as long as they remain chiefly
agricultural; and this will be as long as there shall be vacant
lands in any part of America.
When they get piled upon one another
in large cities as in Europe they will become corrupt as in
Europe." (8)
It is important to remember that the
American Revolution was a clash between the agriculturists in the
colonies, and the British industrialists who controlled the
government in England.
Almost 100 years later the Civil War was
fought as a continuation of the same basic struggle, but with the
victory going back to the industrialists. This began the erosion of
the American government,
"of the people, for the people and
by the people."
The buying of the 1896 Presidential
Election, by Hanna of Standard Oil and the Northern industrial
interests, was the next important step on the long road to the
American government,
"of the corporation, for the
corporation and by the corporation."
A few years later, World War I would
forge an even closer relationship between corporations and
government in the United States, as well as around the world.
Anthony Sampson, in his book "The
Arms Bazaar," notes that,
"the American companies, led by US
Steel and du Pont, were transformed by war orders.
US Steel, which had absorbed
Carnegie's old steel company, had made average annual profits in
the four pre-war years of $105 million, while in the four war
years they were $240 million; and du Pont's average profit went
up from $6 million to $58 million...
"Certainly the arms companies had become much richer through the
war, and there were widespread suspicions that they were
actually trying to prolong it." (9)
The bottom line is, of course, victory
or profit, and in what proportions? To what lengths would this
nation's top industrial leaders go to secure their share of the
profits before and during the next "war to end all war?"
NOTES: INTRODUCTION
-
American Political Tradition,
Hofstadter, p. 109. (As reprinted in The Irony of Democracy,
Thomas R. Dye and L. Harmon Zeigler, p. 72)
-
American Political Tradition, p.
113. (As reprinted in The Irony of Democracy, p. 72)
-
Irony of Democracy, p. 73
-
Ibid., p. 74
-
Ibid., p. 75
-
Ibid., p. 76
-
Ibid., p. 82
-
Ibid., p. 62
-
The Arms Bazaar, Anthony
Sampson, p. 65
U.S.
CORPORATIONS AND THE NAZIS
"A clique of U.S. industrialists is
hell-bent to bring a fascist state to supplant our democratic
government and is working closely with the fascist regime in
Germany and Italy.
I have had plenty of opportunity in
my post in Berlin to witness how close some of our American
ruling families are to the Nazi regime...
"Certain American industrialists had a great deal to do with
bringing fascist regimes into being in both Germany and Italy.
They extended aid to help Fascism occupy the seat of power, and
they are helping to keep it there."
- William E. Dodd, U.S.
Ambassador to Germany, 1937
(1)
A large volume of documentary evidence
exists that reveals that many of the richest, most powerful men in
the United States, and the giant corporations they controlled, were
secretly allied with the Nazis, both before and during World War II,
even after war was declared between Germany and America.
This alliance began with U.S. corporate
investment during the reconstruction of post-World War I Germany in
the 1920s and, years later, included financial, industrial and
military aid to the Nazis.
On the pages which follow we will review which prominent Americans
and corporations were involved, what aid and comfort they gave our
nation's enemies - treasonable offenses during time of war, and
investigations into these matters which produced evidence of a
US/Nazi corporate conspiracy to bring a fascist state to America,
and eliminate competition in the industrial raw materials market in
order to force world-wide dependence on oil-based petrochemicals.
WILLIAM RANDOLPH HEARST
Hearst, who was so concerned about the American public's health and
safety on the matter of marijuana use, apparently had no such fears
when it came to Hitler and the Nazis.
According to journalist George Seldes:
"...Hitler had the support of the
most widely circulated magazine in history, 'Readers Digest,' as
well as nineteen big-city newspapers and one of the three great
American news agencies, the $220-million Hearst press empire.
"... William Randolph Hearst, Sr.,... was the lord of all the
press lords in the United States. The millions who read the
Hearst newspapers and magazines and saw Hearst newsreels in the
nation's moviehouses had their minds poisoned by Hitler
propaganda.
"It was... disclosed first to President Roosevelt [by Ambassador
Dodd] almost on the day it happened, in September 1934, and it
is detailed in the book 'Ambassador Dodd's Diary,' published in
1941, and again in libel-proof documents on file in the courts
of the state of New York. William E. Dodd, professor of history
[at the University of Chicago], told me about the Hearst
sell-out...
"According to Ambassador Dodd, Hearst came to take the waters at
Bad Nauheim in September 1934, and Dodd somehow learned
immediately that Hitler had sent two of his most trusted Nazi
propagandists, Hanfstangel and Rosenberg, to ask Hearst how
Nazism could present a better image in the United States. When
Hearst went to Berlin later in the month, he was taken to see
Hitler."
Seldes reports that a $400,000 a year
deal was struck between Hearst and Hitler, and signed by Doctor
Joseph Goebbels, the Nazi propaganda minister.
"Hearst," continues Seldes,
"completely changed the editorial policy of his nineteen daily
newspapers the same month he got the money."
In the court documents filed on behalf
of Dan Gillmor, publisher of a magazine named "Friday," in response
to a lawsuit by Hearst, under item 61, he states:
"Promptly after this said visit with
Adolf Hitler and the making of said arrangements... said
plaintiff, William Randolph Hearst, instructed all Hearst press
correspondents in Germany, including those of INS [Hearst's
International News Service] to report happenings in Germany only
in a friendly' manner.
All of such correspondents reporting
happenings in Germany accurately and without friendliness,
sympathy and bias for the actions of the then German government,
were transferred elsewhere, discharged, or forced to resign..."
In the late 1930s, Seldes recounts,
when,
"several sedition indictments [were
brought by] the Department of Justice... against a score or two
of Americans, the defendants included an unusually large
minority of newspaper men and women, most of them Hearst
employees." (2)
ANDREW MELLON
"Thurman Arnold, as assistant
district attorney of the United States, his assistant, Norman
Littell, and several Congressional investigations, have produced
incontrovertible evidence that some of our biggest monopolies
entered into secret agreements with the Nazi cartels and divided
the world up among them," states Seldes in his book, "Facts and
Fascism," published in 1943.
"Most notorious of all was Alcoa,
the Mellon-Davis-Duke monopoly which is largely responsible for
the fact America did not have the aluminum with which to build
airplanes before and after Pearl Harbor, while Germany had an
unlimited supply." (3)
Alcoa sabotage of American war
production had already cost the U.S. "10,000 fighters or 1,665
bombers," according to Congressman Pierce of Oregon speaking in May
1941, because of "the effort to protect Alcoa's monopolistic
position..."
"If America loses this war," said
Secretary of the Interior [Harold] Ickes, June 26, 1941, "it can
thank the Aluminum Corporation of America."
"By its cartel agreement with
I.G. Farben, controlled by
Hitler," writes Seldes, "Alcoa sabotaged the aluminum program of
the U.S. air force. The Truman Committee [on National Defense,
chaired by then-Senator Harry S. Truman in 1942] heard testimony
that Alcoa's representative, A.H. Bunker, $1-a-year head of the
aluminum section of O.P.M., prevented work on our $600,000,000
aluminum expansion program." (4)
DU PONT AND GENERAL MOTORS
General Motors is included
here because, by 1929, the Du Pont corporation had acquired
controlling interest in, and had interlocking directorships with,
General Motors.
Irenee du Pont,
"the most imposing and powerful
member of the clan," according to biographer and historian
Charles Higham, "was obsessed with Hitler's principles."
"He keenly followed the career of
the future Fuhrer in the 1920s, and on September 7, 1926, in a
speech to the American Chemical Society, he advocated a race of
supermen, to be achieved by injecting special drugs into them in
boyhood to make their characters to order."
Higham's book on this subject, "Trading
with the Enemy - An Expose of the Nazi-American Money Plot 1933-1949,"
is highly recommended.
Du Pont's anti-Semitism "matched that of Hitler" and, in 1933, the
Du Ponts "began financing native fascist groups in America..." one
of which Higham identifies as the American Liberty League:
"a Nazi organization whipping up
hatred of blacks and Jews," and the "love of Hitler.
"Financed... to the tune of $500,000 the first year, the Liberty
League had a lavish thirty-one-room office in New York, branches
in twenty-six colleges, and fifteen subsidiary organizations
nationwide that distributed fifty million copies of its Nazi
pamphlets...
"The Du Ponts' fascistic behavior was seen in 1936, when Irenee
du Pont used General Motors money to finance the notorious Black
Legion. This terrorist organization had as its purpose the
prevention of automobile workers from unionizing. The members
wore hoods and black robes, with skulls and crossbones.
They fire-bombed union meetings,
murdered union organizers, often by beating them to death, and
dedicated their lives to destroying Jews and communists. They
linked to the Ku Klux Klan... It was brought out that at least
fifty people, many of them blacks, had been butchered by the
Legion." (5)
Du Pont support of Hitler extended into
the very heart of the Nazi war machine as well, according to Higham,
and several other researchers:
"General Motors, under the control
of
the Du Pont family of Delaware,
played a part in collaboration" with the Nazis.
"Between 1932 and 1939, bosses of
General Motors poured $30 million into I.G. Farben plants..."
Further, Higham informs us that by "the mid-1930s, General
Motors was committed to full-scale production of trucks, armored
cars, and tanks in Nazi Germany." (6)
Researchers Morton Mintz and
Jerry S. Cohen, in their book, "Power Inc.," describe the Du
Pont-GM-Nazi relationship in these terms:
"...In 1929, [Du Pont-controlled] GM
acquired the largest automobile company in Germany, Adam Opel,
A.G.
This predestined the subsidiary to
become important to the Nazi war effort. In a heavily documented
study presented to the Senate Subcommittee on Antitrust and
Monopoly in February 1974, Bradford C. Snell, an assistant
subcommittee counsel, wrote:
"'GM's participation in Germany's preparation for war began in
1935. That year its Opel subsidiary cooperated with the Reich in
locating a new heavy truck facility at Brandenburg, which
military officials advised would be less vulnerable to enemy air
attacks.
During the succeeding years, GM
supplied the Wehrmact with Opel "Blitz" trucks from the
Brandenburg complex.
For these and other contributions to
[the Nazis] wartime preparations, GM's chief executive for
overseas operations [James Mooney] was awarded the Order of the
German Eagle (first class) by Adolf Hitler.'"
Du Pont-GM Nazi collaboration, according
to Snell, included the participation of Standard Oil of New Jersey
[now Exxon] in one, very important arrangement.
GM and Standard Oil of New Jersey formed
a joint subsidiary with
the giant Nazi chemical cartel, I.G. Farben,
named Ethyl G.m.b.H. [now Ethyl, Inc.] which, according to Snell:
"provided the mechanized German
armies with synthetic tetraethyl fuel [leaded gas].
During 1936-39, at the urgent
request of Nazi officials who realized that Germany's scarce
petroleum reserves would not satisfy war demands, GM and Exxon
joined with German chemical interests in the erection of the
lead-tetraethyl plants.
According to captured German
records, these facilities contributed substantially to the
German war effort:
'The fact that since the
beginning of the war we could produce lead-tetraethyl is
entirely due to the circumstances that, shortly before, the
Americans [Du Pont, GM and Standard Oil] had presented us
with the production plants complete with experimental
knowledge. Without lead-tetraethyl the present method of
warfare would be unthinkable.'" (7)
At about the same time the Du Ponts were
serving the Nazi cause in Germany, they were involved in a Fascist
plot to overthrow the United States government.
"Along with friends of the Morgan
Bank and General Motors," in early 1934, writes Higham, "certain
Du Pont backers financed a coup d'etat that would overthrow the
President with the aid of a $3 million-funded army of
terrorists..."
The object was to force Roosevelt,
"to take orders from businessmen as
part of a fascist government or face the alternative of
imprisonment and execution..."
Higham reports that,
"Du Pont men allegedly held an
urgent series of meetings with the Morgans," to choose who would
lead this "bizarre conspiracy."
"They finally settled on one of the
most popular soldiers in America, General Smedly Butler of
Pennsylvania."
Butler was approached by "fascist
attorney" Gerald MacGuire (an official of the American
Legion), who attempted to recruit Butler into the role of an
American Hitler.
"Butler was horrified," but played
along with MacGuire until, a short time later, he notified the
White House of the plot.
Roosevelt considered having "the leaders
of the houses of Morgan and Du Pont" arrested, but feared that,
"it would create an unthinkable
national crisis in the midst of a depression and perhaps another
Wall Street crash."
Roosevelt decided the best way to defuse
the plot was to expose it, and leaked the story to the press.
"The newspapers ran the story of the
attempted coup on the front page, but generally ridiculed it as
absurd and preposterous."
But an investigation by the
Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities - 74th
Congress, first session, House of Representatives, Investigation of
Nazi and other propaganda - was begun later that same year.
"It was four years," continues
Higham, "before the committee dared to publish its report in a
white paper that was marked for 'restricted circulation.' They
were forced to admit that 'certain persons made an attempt to
establish a fascist organization in this country... [The]
committee was able to verify all the pertinent statements made
by General Butler.'
This admission that the entire plan
was deadly in intent was not accompanied by the imprisonment of
anybody. Further investigations disclosed that over a million
people had been guaranteed to join the scheme and that the arms
and munitions necessary would have been supplied by Remington, a
Du Pont subsidiary." (8)
The names of important individuals and
groups involved in the conspiracy were suppressed by the committee,
but later revealed by Seldes, Philadelphia Record reporter Paul
French, and Jules Archer, author of the book, "The Plot to Seize the
White House."
Included were,
-
John W. Davis (attorney for the
J.P. Morgan banking group)
-
Robert Sterling Clark (Wall
Street broker and heir to the Singer sewing machine fortune)
-
William Doyle (American Legion
official)
-
the American Liberty League
(backed by executives from J.P. Morgan and Co., Rockefeller
interests, E.F. Hutton, and Du Pont-controlled General
Motors). (9)
THE US/NAZI CARTEL AGREEMENT
"On November 23, 1937," states
Higham, "representatives of General Motors held a secret meeting
in Boston with Baron Manfred von Killinger, who was... in charge
of West Coast espionage [for the Nazis], and Baron von
Tipplekirsch, Nazi consul general and Gestapo leader in Boston.
This group signed a joint agreement
showing total commitment to the Nazi cause for the indefinite
future..." (10)
Seldes describes the plotters as,
"the great owners and rulers of
America who planned world domination through political and
military Fascism" including "several leading American
industrialists, members of the Congress of the United States,
and representatives of large business and political
organizations..."
He obtained the text of the agreement,
and published it in his newsletter, "In Fact," on July 13, 1942.
The plan,
"goes much further than the mere
cartel conspiracies of Big Business of both countries," writes
Seldes, "because it has political clauses and points to a bigger
conspiracy of money and politicians such as helped betray Norway
and France and other lands to the Nazi machine.
The most powerful fortress in
America is the production monopolies, but its betrayal would
involve, as it did in France, the participation of some of the
most powerful figures of the political as well as the industrial
world." (11)
STANDARD OIL OF NEW JERSEY (Now
Exxon)
"On February 27, 1942," according to
Higham, "Arnold, with documents stuffed under his arms... strode
into the lion's den of Standard at 30 Rockefeller Plaza. Just
behind him were Secretary of the Navy Franklin Knox and
Secretary of the Army Henry L. Stimson."
They confronted Standard official
William Farish and,
"Arnold sharply laid down his
charges" that "by continuing to favor Hitler in rubber deal and
patent arrangements," Standard Oil "had acted against the
interests of the American government... suggested a fine of $1.5
million and a consent decree whereby Standard would turn over
for the duration all the patents" in question.
"Farish rejected the proposal on the
spot. He pointed out that Standard" was also selling the U.S. a
"high percentage" of the fuel being used by the Army, Navy, and
Air Force "making it possible for America to win the war. Where
would America be without it?"
Blackmail? Yes, says Higham. And
effective.
Arnold was finally reduced to asking the
oil company official,
"to what Standard Oil would agree.
After all, there had to be at least token punishment... Arnold,
Stimson, and Knox soon realized they had no power to compare
with that of Standard."
The price Standard Oil "agreed" to pay
for its crime? A modest fine of a few thousand dollars divided up
among ten defendants.
"Farish paid $1,000, or a quarter of
one week's salary, for having betrayed America."
In New Jersey, charges of "criminal
conspiracy with the enemy" were filed against Standard, then
"dropped in return for Standard releasing its patents and paying the
modest fine."
But Arnold, and his ally, Secretary of
the Interior Harold Ickes, weren't finished with Standard Oil just
yet. They approached Senator Truman, chairman of the Senate Special
Committee Investigating the National Defense Program.
"With great enthusiasm Give 'em Hell
Harry embarked on a series of hearings in March 1942, in order
to disclose the truth about Standard."
Between the 26th and the 28th
of March, 1942, Arnold,
"produced documents showing that
Standard and Farben in Germany had literally carved up the world
markets, with oil and chemical monopolies all over the map,"
according to Higham. (12)
Mintz and Cohen describe the
confrontation:
"Four months after the United States
entered World War II, the Justice Department obtained an
indictment of Exxon and its principal officers for having made
arrangements, starting in the late 1920s with I.G. Farben
involving patent sharing and division of world markets.
Jersey Standard agreed not to
develop processes for the manufacture of synthetic rubber; in
exchange, Farben agreed not to compete in the American petroleum
market.
After war broke out in Europe, but
before the attack on Pearl Harbor, executives of Standard Oil
and Farben, at a meeting in Holland, established a 'modus
vivendi' for continuing the arrangements in event of war between
the United States and Germany - although the arrangements
interfered with the ability of the United States to make
synthetic rubber desperately needed after it entered the war in
December 1941.
Rather than face a criminal trial,
Exxon and the indicted executives entered no-contest pleas - the
legal equivalent of guilty pleas - and were fined the minor sums
which were the maximum amounts permitted by law.
A few days later, on March 26, 1942,
the Senate Special Committee Investigating the National Defense
Program held a hearing at which Thurman Arnold, chief of the
Antitrust Division, put into the record documents on which the
[criminal] indictment had been based, including a memo from a
Standard Oil official on the 'modus vivendi' agreed to in
Holland.
After the hearing, the committee
chairman, Harry S. Truman, characterized the arrangements as
treasonable." (13)
Another source book on this subject of
US/Nazi corporate activities is "The Secret War Against the Jews,"
by Mark Aarons and John Loftus.
Here is their version of the events:
"Before the war Standard of New
Jersey had forged a synthetic oil and rubber cartel with the
Nazi-controlled
I.G. Farben," which "worked
well until the United States joined the war in 1941... Next to
the Rockefellers, I.G. Farben owned the largest share of stock
in Standard Oil of New Jersey.
Among other things, Standard had
provided Farben with its synthetic rubber patents and technical
knowledge, while Farben had kept its patents to itself, under
strict instructions from the Nazi government."
Evidence which Thurman Arnold turned
over to the Truman Committee, which Truman would declare
"treasonous," included,
"Standard's 1939 letter renewing its
agreement, which made it clear that the Rockefellers' company
was prepared to work with the Nazis whether their own government
was at war with the Third Reich or not.
Truman's Senate Committee on the
National Defense was outraged and began to probe into the whole
scandalous arrangement, much to the discomfort of John D.
Rockefeller, Jr. Suddenly, however, the whole matter was
dropped.
"There was a reason for Rockefeller's escape: blackmail.
According to the former intelligence officers we interviewed on
this point, the blackmail was simple and powerful: The Dulles
brothers [John Foster, later Secretary of State, and Allen,
later director of the CIA] had one of their clients threaten to
interrupt the U.S. oil supply during wartime."
When confronted by Arnold on the
Standard-Farben arrangement,
"Standard executives made it clear
that the entire U.S. war effort was fueled by their oil and it
could be stopped... The American government had no choice but to
go along if it wanted to win the war." (14)
July 13, 1944, Ralph W. Gallagher,
attorney for Standard Oil, filed a lawsuit against the U.S.
government's seizure of the contested patents.
"On November 7, 1945, Judge Charles
E. Wyzanski gave his verdict," according to Higham.
"He decided that the government had
been entitled to seize the patents. Gallagher appealed. On
September 22, 1947, Judge Charles Clark delivered the final word
on the subject.
He said, 'Standard Oil can be
considered an enemy national in view of its relationships with
I.G. Farben after the United States and Germany had become
active enemies.' The appeal was denied." (15)
One aspect of this Standard-I.G. Farben
relationship, revealed in testimony during the Patents Committee
hearings, chaired by Senator Homer T. Bone in May 1942, is of
interest to those who seek direct evidence of a conspiracy by big
oil companies to suppress development of synthetic substitutes to
petrochemical products such as industrial chemicals, aircraft
lubricants and fuel, all of which can be made from hemp:
"On May 6th, John R.
Jacobs, Jr., of the Attorney General's department, testified
that Standard had interfered with the American explosives
industry by blocking the use of a method of producing synthetic
ammonia.
As a result of its deals with Farben,
the United States had been unable to get the use of this vital
process even after Pearl Harbor. Also, the United States had
been restricted in techniques of producing hydrogen from natural
gas and from obtaining paraflow, a product used for airplane
lubrication at high altitudes..."
On August 7th,
"Texas oil operator C.R. Starnes
appeared to testify that Standard had blocked him at every turn
in his efforts to produce synthetic rubber after Pearl
Harbor..."
On August 12th,
"John R. Jacobs reappeared in an
Army private's uniform (he had been inducted the day before) to
bring up another disagreeable matter: Standard had also, in
league with Farben, restricted production of methanol, a wood
alcohol that was sometimes used as motor fuel." (16)
The restriction against methanol
production apparently did not apply to the Nazis, however.
"As late as April 1943," Higham
reveals, "General Motors in Stockholm [Sweden] was reported as
trading with the enemy... Further documents show that, as with
Ford, repairs on German army trucks and conversion from gasoline
to wood-gasoline production were being handled by GM in
Switzerland." (17)
The use of hemp as a source of methanol
was known to the Nazis, revealed in the pamphlet "The Humorous Hemp
Primer," published in Berlin, also in 1943.
This document, recently re-published in
the 1995 edition of "Hemp
and the Marijuana Conspiracy: The Emperor Wears No Clothes,"
by veteran hemp conspiracy researcher Jack Herer, states
that:
"Crops should not only provide food
in large quantities, they can provide raw materials for
industry... Among such raw materials of especially high value is
hemp...
"The woody part of this large plant is not to be thrown out,
since it can easily be used for surface coatings for the finest
floors. It also provides paper and cardboard, building materials
and wall paneling. Further processing will even produce wood
sugar and wood gas...
"Anyone who grows hemp today need not fear a lack of a market,
because hemp, as useful as it is, will be purchased in unlimited
amounts." (18)
The Nazis obviously considered hemp a
vital war material that could be used to produce methanol, or "wood
gas," at the same time, in 1943, that Du Pont-controlled General
Motors in Switzerland was "converting from gasoline to wood-gasoline
production."
This, taken into consideration along
with the earlier statement that Standard Oil-I.G. Farben had
"restricted production of methanol" and the GM-Standard Oil-I.G.
Farben joint venture, Ethyl, Inc., whose profitability depended on
the production of lead-tetraethyl for oil-based petrochemical
gasoline - in direct competition with the alternative methanol, or
"wood gas," certainly opens new avenues of investigation into the
existence of a conspiracy against hemp as an alternative, and
competing, industrial raw material, by these very same corporations
which sold America out to the Nazis for profit and control of world
resources and markets.
"Just after Pearl Harbor," writes
Seldes, "the Assistant Attorney General, Mr. Thurman Arnold,
issued a sensational report of the sabotage of the national [war
production] program, the first report naming the practices which
were later to be referred to as the treason of big business in
wartime. Said Mr. Arnold:
"Looking back over 10 months of defense effort we can now see
how much it has been hampered by the attitude of powerful basic
industries who have feared to expand their production because
expansion would endanger their future control of industry.
"Anti-trust investigations during the past year have shown that
there is not an organized basic industry in the United States
which has not been restricting production by some device or
other in order to avoid what they call 'ruinous overproduction
after the war'." (19)
By "ruinous overproduction," of course,
they meant free-market competition.
So, to question the existence of an
industrial conspiracy against competition, during the 1930s and
1940s, is pointless. It has long been totally documented by volumes
of evidence, available in the public record. And among this list of
convicted corporate conspirators are murderers, racists, pro-Nazi
collaborators, blackmailers and American Fascists who plotted at
least one armed take-over of the U.S. government.
And the list is not yet complete...
THE FORD MOTOR COMPANY
Henry Ford, writes Higham,
"admired Hitler from the beginning,
when the future Fuhrer was a struggling and obscure fanatic. He
shared with Hitler a fanatical hatred of Jews."
"Ford's book 'The International Jew'
was issued in 1927. A virulent anti-Semitic tract, it was still
being distributed in Latin America and the Arab countries as
late as 1945. Hitler admired the book and it influenced him
deeply.
Visitors to Hitler's headquarters at
the Brown House in Munich noticed a large photograph of Henry
Ford hanging in his office. Stacked high on the table outside
were copies of Ford's book. As early as 1923," when Hitler heard
that Ford was planning to run for President, he "told an
interviewer from the 'Chicago-Tribune,' 'I wish that I could
send some of my shock troops to Chicago and other big American
cities to help'."
As late as 1940, Ford Motor Company,
"refused to build aircraft engines
for England and instead built supplies of the 5-ton military
trucks that were the backbone of German army transportation."
(20)
The Ford Motor Company was also aware of
the potential of hemp as an alternative industrial resource,
devoting many years research to the subject.
In a 1989 ABC Radio broadcast, Hugh Downs reported that in the
1930s,
"the Ford Motor Company also saw a
future in biomass fuels. Ford operated a successful biomass
conversion plant that included hemp at their Iron Mountain
facility in Michigan. Ford engineers extracted methanol,
charcoal fuel, tar, pitch, ethyl acetate, and creosote - all
fundamental ingredients for modern industry, and now supplied by
oil-related industries... Henry Ford's experiments with methanol
promised cheap, readily-available fuel." (21)
As reported in "Popular Mechanics" in
December, 1941, Ford's research represented,
"an industrial revolution in
progress... a revolution in materials that will affect every
home." (22)
So, it is possible, even likely, that
Ford and General Motors conversion "from gasoline to wood-gasoline
production" for Nazi Germany, as earlier reported by Higham,
involved at least some consideration of hemp as a resource, if not
actual production of "wood-gas" from hemp.
After all, Ford had already committed
several years and significant research dollars to the subject.
The implication of methanol fuel patents, hemp industry research and
production facilities, all in the hands of this cabal of Nazi-allied
American corporations, during a proven period of anti-competition
conspiracies, and wartime blackmail against the U.S. government,
should provide additional support for the hemp conspiracy theories.
The fact is that Nazi Germany recognized
hemp as a vital war material - one which, just before America's
entrance into World War II, was positioned to compete in the
free-market against the products controlled by the Pro-Nazi American
corporations. Unrestricted expansion of United States industrial
hemp production threatened not only the profits of these treasonous
corporations, but the degree of their control over America's
production of vital war materials.
This view of hemp, not as a "dangerous drug" but as a vital war
material, was acknowledged by the Kentucky Legislature a little over
100 years before the Japanese sneak attack on Pearl Harbor.
In 1841, according to Professor James
F. Hopkins, author of "A History of the Hemp Industry in
Kentucky," published by the University of Kentucky Press in 1951:
"When the farmers of Woodford County
[KY] assembled in October, 1841, to consider a program of hemp
production for the navy, they only went as far as to express an
opinion that the government should employ a rope spinner in
Kentucky for the purpose of converting the fiber into yarns,
which could be transported much more cheaply and safely than the
bulky raw material.
The Committee on Agriculture of the
Kentucky House of Representatives inquired into the matter early
in 1842...
"Both houses of the General Assembly sent to the Senators and
Congressmen from Kentucky a request that they use their 'best
exertions' to have established in the state one or more agencies
for the inspection and manufacture of hemp for the navy.
A select committee of Congress,
appointed to consider the resolutions from Kentucky, reported
three resolutions of its own: that the navy be directed to
construct a factory at Louisville 'for the purpose of depositing
and manufacturing... such hempen fabrics of domestic
water-rotted hemp as the public service may require'; that
inspectors be appointed to test the fiber that might be offered
for sale; and that, after due notice to the public, purchase of
the necessary amount of fiber be made at the factory.
The Committee contended that its
plan would build up during peacetime a source of hemp which
would be vitally important in case of war, encourage American
agriculture and manufactures, and decrease the unfavorable
balance of trade." (23)
[NOTE: For many years we
Kentuckians have had a good deal of our heritage and history buried
beneath a thick layer of propaganda from a source of power and
control in this country which knows neither honor nor justice. Now,
we are learning the truth. Our history as a state built upon the
foundation of a long- and dishonestly- outlawed industry endures.]
INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH
Even after Pearl Harbor, ITT was working for the Nazis, reports
Higham:
"... the German army, navy, and air
force contracted with ITT for the manufacture of switchboards,
telephones, alarm gongs, buoys, air raid warning devices, radar
equipment, and thirty thousand fuses per month for artillery
shells used to kill British and American troops."
ITT also,
"supplied ingredients for the rocket
bombs that fell on London," and other devices as well, without
which "it would have been impossible for the German air force to
kill American and British troops, for the German army to fight
the Allies in Africa, Italy, France, and Germany, for England to
have been bombed, or for Allied ships to have been attacked at
sea." (24)
In 1938,
"following a series of meetings with
Luftwaffe chief Herman Goring, [ITT founder and chairman
Sosthenes] Behn encouraged ITT's Lorenz subsidiary to purchase
28 percent of the Focke-Wulf firm, manufacturer of the bombers
that were to sink so many Allied ships during the war,"
according to researcher and author Jim Hougan. (25)
Anthony Sampson, in "The
Sovereign State of ITT," reports on what is perhaps the most bizarre
aspect of the US/Nazi corporate partnership, war reparations:
"... ITT now presents itself as the
innocent victim of the Second World War, and has been handsomely
recompensed for its injuries.
In 1967, nearly thirty years after
the events, ITT actually managed to obtain $27 million in
compensation from the American government, for war damage to
Focke-Wulf plants - on the basis that they were American
property bombed by Allied bombers." (26)
The Foreign Claims Settlement Commission
was responsible for this payment to ITT, and other U.S. corporations
as well.
Bradford Snell reports that,
"After the cessation of hostilities,
GM and Ford demanded reparations from the U.S. Government for
wartime damages sustained by their Axis facilities as a result
of Allied bombing.
By 1967 GM had collected more than
$33 million in reparations and Federal tax benefits for damages
to its warplane and motor vehicle properties in formerly Axis
territories...
Ford received a little less than $1
million, primarily as a result of damages sustained by its
military truck complex at Cologne." (27)
ALLEN DULLES - ARCHITECT OF THE US-NAZI
NETWORK
Contemporary history records
Allen Dulles as one of America's top spymasters, from his
early days in the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) in World War
II, to his position as Director of the Central Intelligence Agency
(CIA) in the 1950s and early 1960s (until President John F. Kennedy
fired him over the Bay of Pigs disaster in 1961), and finally to his
membership on the controversial Warren Commission, which
investigated President Kennedy's assassination.
Until recently, his pivotal role in
promoting a U.S. corporate relationship with the Nazis was little
known.
Loftus and Aarons describe the
post-World War I role of Allen, and his brother, John Foster, in the
following terms:
"We first turn to Dulles's creation
of international finance networks for the benefit of the Nazis.
In the beginning, moving money into
the Third Reich was quite legal. Lawyers saw to that. And Allen
and his brother John Foster were not just any lawyers. They were
international finance specialists for the powerful Wall Street
law firm of Sullivan & Cromwell...
"The Dulles brothers were the ones who convinced American
businessmen to avoid U.S. government regulation by investing in
Germany. It began with the Versailles Treaty, in which they
played no small role.
After World War I the defeated
German government promised to pay war reparations to the Allies
in gold, but Germany had no gold. It had to borrow the gold from
Sullivan & Cromwell's clients in the United States. Nearly 70
percent of the money that flowed into Germany during the 1930s
came from investors in the United States, many of them Sullivan
& Cromwell clients...
"Foster Dulles, as a member of the board of I.G. Farben, seems
to have had little difficulty in getting along with whoever was
in charge. Some of our sources insist that both Dulles brothers
made substantial but indirect contributions to the Nazi party as
the price of continued influence inside the new German order..."
(28)
NOTES - U.S. CORPORATIONS AND THE NAZIS
-
Facts and Fascism, George Seldes,
p. 122
Trading with the Enemy, Charles
Higham, p. 167
-
Even the Gods Can't Change
History, Seldes, pp. 140-144
-
Facts and Fascism, p. 68
-
Ibid., p. 262
-
Trading with the Enemy, pp.
162-165
-
Ibid., p. 166
-
Power, Inc., Morton and Mintz,
pp. 497-499
-
Trading with the Enemy, pp.
163-165
-
The Plot to Seize the White
House, Jules Archer, Hawthorn Books, 1973 (Quoted from It's
A Conspiracy, National Insecurity Council, EarthWorks Press,
1992, pp. 179-184)
-
Trading with the Enemy, pp.
167-168
-
Facts and Fascism, pp. 68-70
-
Trading with the Enemy, pp.
45-46
-
Power, Inc, pp. 499-500
-
The Secret War Against The Jews,
Aarons and Loftus, pp. 44-65
-
Trading with the Enemy, pp.
61-62
-
Ibid., pp. 49-52
-
Ibid., p. 176
-
The Emperor Wears No Clothes,
Jack Herer, pp. 127-130
-
One Thousand Americans, Seldes,
pp. 142-143
-
Trading with the Enemy, pp.
154-156
-
Ain't Nobody's Business If You
Do, p. 734
-
Popular Mechanics Magazine, Vol.
76, No. 6, Dec. 1941 (The Emperor Wears No Clothes, 1995
edition, p. 199)
-
A History of the Hemp Industry
in Kentucky, Professor James F. Hopkins, University of
Kentucky Press, 1951
-
Trading with the Enemy, p. 99
-
Spooks, Jim Hougan, pp. 423-424
-
The Sovereign State of ITT,
Anthony Sampson, p. 47 (Power, Inc., pp. 500-501)
-
GM and the Nazis, by Bradford C.
Snell, Ramparts Magazine, June 1974, pp. 14-16 (Democracy
for the Few, Michael Parenti, pp. 91-92)
-
The Secret War Against the Jews,
pp. 55-60
THE NEW WORLD
(DIS)ORDER
"The first truth is that the liberty
of a democracy is not safe if the people tolerate the growth of
private power to a point where it becomes stronger than their
democratic state itself. That, in essence, is fascism -
ownership of government by an individual, by a group, or by any
other controlling power.
"Among us today a concentration of private power without equal
in history is growing." - President Franklin Delano Roosevelt
(1)
As mentioned earlier, the secret
U.S./Nazi corporate alliance during World War II was the result of
substantial American investment in post-World War I Germany.
In order to protect these investments,
and the accumulating profits, the U.S. multinational corporations
remained an important part of the Nazi war machine until the final
defeat of Germany in 1945. What effect did the end of World War II
have on this faction of American Nazi collaborators?
In this section we will review the evidence, much of it from
recently de-classified documents, that this pro-Nazi faction, rather
than facing charges of high treason, became an integral part of the
United States national security apparatus, extending its fascist
influence in both foreign and domestic policies and, in effect,
creating what has been referred to as America's "Invisible
Government."
The excuse, of course, was Communism.
THE BUGGING OF WALL STREET
Aarons and Loftus' research, which documents the Dulles brothers'
pro-Nazi activities, did not go unnoticed.
"Before his death, former Supreme
Court Justice Arthur Goldberg granted one of the authors an
interview. Justice Goldberg had served in U.S. intelligence
during World War II.
Although he said little in public,
he had collected information on the Dulles boys' activities over
the years. His verdict was blunt. 'The Dulles brothers were
traitors.' They had betrayed their country, by giving aid and
comfort to the enemy in time of war." (2)
Much of what is now known about the
activities of the Dulles brothers and other American Nazi
collaborators in banking and industry came as a result of a
top-secret joint U.S.-British intelligence program known as the
Ultra Project.
"Prior to the United States' entry
into the war," write Loftus and Aarons, "Roosevelt permitted
British intelligence to wiretap American targets.
"According to our sources in the intelligence community, the
area of coverage included a good bit of the New York financial
district, several floors of Rockefeller Plaza, part of the RCA
Building, two prominent clubs, and various shipping firms...
"The wiretap unit reported to Sir William Stephenson, a Canadian
electronics genius better known by his code name, 'Intrepid.'
From his headquarters in the Rockefeller building, Stephenson's
job was to identify U.S. companies that were aiding the Nazis."
(3)
"Several months before the United
States declared war," continue Loftus and Aarons, "Bill Donovan
invited Allen Dulles to head up the New York branch of the
Office of the Coordinator of Information (COI), President
Roosevelt's new intelligence agency and the precursor to the
Office of Strategic Services (OSS). Its primary mission was to
collect information against the Nazis and their collaborators.
In other words, Dulles was asked to inform on his own clients in
New York..."
"Roosevelt had approved his selection as head of the COI
Manhattan branch because he wanted Dulles where the British
wiretappers could keep an eye on him...
"One floor below Dulles was Stephenson's wiretap shop. Inside
Dulles's operation was one of Roosevelt's spies, Arthur
Goldberg..." who, "confirmed... that Dulles's appointment was a
setup...
"Roosevelt was giving Dulles enough rope to hang himself. From
Stephenson's Manhattan wiretaps, it is known that Dulles was
continuing to work with his German business clients, who wanted
to remove Hitler and install a puppet of their own who would
make peace with the West while forging an alliance against
Stalin. It was to be a kinder, gentler Third Reich, favorably
disposed to American financial interests... (4)
"The wiretap evidence against Dulles originally was collected by
a special section of Operation Safehaven, the U.S. Treasury
Department's effort to trace the movement of stolen Nazi booty
towards the end of the war.
Roosevelt and Treasury Secretary
Henry Morganthau had set up Dulles by giving him the one
assignment - intelligence chief in Switzerland - where he would
be most tempted to aid his German clients with their money
laundering."
Roosevelt had one thing in mind:
"The sudden release of the Safehaven
intercepts would force a public outcry to bring treason charges
against those British and American businessmen who aided the
enemy in time of war."
Among the targets were Allen Dulles,
Henry Ford, and other U.S. industrialists. (5)
The plan failed, however, due to Dulles being,
"tipped off... that he was under
surveillance" in time to cover his tracks.
One possible source of the leak was Vice
President Henry Wallace,
"who constantly shared information
with his brother-in-law, the Swiss minister in Washington during
the war."
"Wallace," the authors reveal, "gave many details of his secret
meetings with Roosevelt to the Swiss diplomat." The problem was
that, at the time, the Nazis "had recruited the head of the
Swiss secret service."
It is, perhaps, no coincidence that
Roosevelt dropped Wallace during the 1944 election, choosing instead
Senator Harry S. Truman as his new running mate. (6)
THE ENEMY OF MY ENEMY
"After the Nazis' 1943 defeat at
Stalingrad," write Loftus and Aarons, "various Nazi businessmen
realized they were on the losing side and made plans to evacuate
their wealth. The Peron government in Argentina was receiving
the Nazi flight capital with open arms, and Dulles helped it
hide the money...
"The Guinness Book of Records lists the missing Reichsbank
treasure [estimated at $2.5 billion dollars] as the greatest
unsolved bank robbery in history. Where did it go?...
"According to our source, the bulk of the treasure was simply
shipped a very short distance across Austria and through the
Brenner Pass into Italy. Dulles's contacts were waiting at the
Vatican.
The German-Vatican connection was
how Allen Dulles and the Nazi industrialists planned to get away
with it..." (7)
The effort was successful, according to
the authors, who state that the,
"vast bulk of the wealth of the Nazi
empire" which "disappeared before the end of World War II"
reappeared "within a decade in the hands of the same men who
financed Hitler's war against the Jews. Allen Dulles's clients
were not defeated, only inconvenienced."
The authors identify two of Dulles's
accomplices as James Jesus Angleton and his father, Hugh
Angleton. The Angletons were members of X-2, the OSS
counterintelligence branch in Italy, in 1943.
Like Dulles, Hugh Angleton was financially involved with Axis
powers. He was the European representative for National Cash
Register in Italy before the war and business associate of Dulles.
When World War II broke out, the authors
write,
"... Angleton was crushed
financially as all his investments were in enemy hands.
"Like Dulles's clients, he wanted his money back. Like Dulles,
Hugh offered his services to the OSS." With high-placed contacts
in Mussolini's Interior Ministry, Hugh was accepted and
"promoted rapidly in U.S. intelligence. He became second in
command to Colonel Clifton Carter, the OSS commander in Italy at
the end of World War II." (8)
Perhaps the most controversial
information which is now emerging with the release of recently
declassified documents concerning World War II, is the role of
the Vatican, both in its pre-war German investments, and
its role in helping Nazi war criminals escape justice after the
war.
Concerning the Vatican-German
investments, Loftus and Aarons are quite clear:
"That the Vatican encouraged such
investments and even donated money to Hitler himself cannot be
denied. A German nun, Sister Pascalina, was present at its
creation. In the early 1920s she was the housekeeper for
Archbishop of the Vatican-Nazi connection...
Eugenio Pacelli, then the papal
nuncio in Munich. Sister Pascalina vividly recalls receiving
Adolf Hitler late one night and watching the archbishop give
Hitler a large amount of Church money."
In addition, Eugenio Pacelli,
"later convinced the Vatican to
invest millions of dollars in the rising German economy, money
from the Vatican's land settlement that ended the Pope's claim
of sovereignty over territory outside the walls of Vatican City.
It was Pacelli who negotiated the
Concordat with Germany and then had to deal with the
consequences of his own mistakes when he became pope on the eve
of World War II.
"The Vatican and the Dulles brothers had the same problem. Once
their money was in Hitler's hands, how would they get it back?"
The authors interviewed,
"a former colonel in U.S. Military
Intelligence who specialized in tracing enemy assets. He claimed
that only a tiny portion of the Reichbank's gold ingots actually
reached the Vatican Bank, while the rest was held in cooperative
banks in Belgium, Liechtenstein, and especially Switzerland."
It was only necessary to transfer the
paperwork on the gold, not the gold itself.
Since, by that time, Dulles knew his
telegraph communications were being monitored by the British wiretap
operation in New York, he instead used couriers to
"ensure absolute secrecy in moving
the foreign currency and the ownership documents out of
Switzerland... special agents of the Vatican who had diplomatic
immunity to move back and forth across both Nazi and Allied
lines..." (9)
"...The Vatican's eminence grise for Balkan intelligence, the
Bosnian-Croat priest Krunoslav Draganovic, was involved in
transporting large quantities of Nazi booty, especially gold
bullion, from Austria to the safety of the Holy See with the
help of the Dulles-Angleton clique in Rome.
Some of the booty was transported in
truck convoys run by British troops. Other shipments were
carried in U.S. Army jeeps provided to Father Draganovic so that
he could conduct pastoral visits' on behalf of the Vatican.
"Another ardent Nazi propagandist and agent, Slovenian bishop
Gregory Rozman, was sent to Bern with the help of Dulles's
friends in U.S. intelligence. Declassified U.S. intelligence
files confirm that Bishop Rozman was suspected of trying to
arrange the transfer of huge quantities of Nazi-controlled gold
and Western currency that had been discreetly secreted in Swiss
banks during the war.
For a few months the Allies
prevented Rozman from gaining access to this treasure, but then
the way was mysteriously cleared. In fact, the Dulles-Vatican
connection had fixed it, and before too long the bishop obtained
the loot for his Nazi friends, who were hiding in Argentina.
"Such instances turned out to be only the tip of the iceberg. It
has long been acknowledged that it was Allen Dulles who tipped
off General Patton about the buried German treasure that lay in
the path of the U.S. Third Army.
Patton explicitly urged General
Eisenhower to conceal as much of the gold as possible, but his
advice was refused.
"Our sources claim that Dulles and his colleagues exerted a
great deal of influence to ensure that Western investments in
Nazi Germany were not seized by the Allies as reparations for
the Jews. After all, much of 'Hitler's Gold' had originally
belonged to the bankers in London and New York.
The... captured Nazi loot went
underground...
"In the cause of anticommunism, and to retrieve its own
investments in Germany, the Vatican agreed to become part of
Dulles's smuggling window, through which the Nazis and their
treasure could be moved to safety." (10)
On April 12th, 1945,
Roosevelt died, and Truman became President. May 7th,
Nazi Germany surrendered after the suicide of Adolf Hitler.
September 2nd, Japan surrendered.
World War II finally ended, but at the cost of more than 35,000,000
lives, over half that amount civilians.
The death toll for the United States was
294,000. (11)
A PLEDGE BETRAYED
"Dulles and some of his friends
volunteered for postwar service with the government not out of
patriotism but of necessity," according to Loftus and Aarons.
"They had to be in positions of
power to suppress the evidence of their own dealings with the
Nazis. The Safehaven investigation was quickly stripped from
Treasury... and turned over to the State Department. There
Dulles's friends shredded the index to the interlocking
corporations and blocked further investigations.
"Dulles had this goal in mind: Not a single American businessman
was ever going to be convicted of treason for helping the Nazis.
None ever was, despite the evidence. According to one of our
sources in the intelligence community, the U.S. Army Counter
Intelligence Corps had two large 'Civilian Internment Centers'
in Occupied Germany, code named 'Ashcan' and 'Dustbin.'
The CIC had identified and captured
a large number of U.S. citizens who had stayed in Germany and
aided the Third Reich all through World War II. The evidence of
their treason was overwhelming. The captured German records were
horribly incriminating.
"Yet Victor Wohreheide, the young Justice Department attorney
responsible for preparing the treason trials, suddenly ordered
the prisoners' release. All of the Nazi collaborators were
allowed to return to the United States and reclaim their
citizenship.
At the same time, another Justice
Department attorney, O. John Rogge, who dared to make a speech
about Nazi collaborators in the United States was quickly fired.
However, the attorney who buried the treason cases was later
promoted to special assistant attorney general.
"Dulles and his clients had won. The proof is in the bottom
line. Forty years after World War II, Fortune magazine published
a list of the hundred richest men in the world. There were no
Jews on the list.
The great fortunes of
the Rothschilds and Warburgs
had been diminished to insignificance by the Depression, the
Nazis, and World War II.
"Near the top of the list were several multibillionaires who had
been prominent members of Hitler's inner circle. A few even had
served time in Allied prisons as Nazi war criminals, but they
were all released quickly.
The bottom line is that the Nazi
businessmen survived the war with their fortunes intact and
rebuilt their industrial empires to become the richest men in
the world. Dulles's clients got away with it.
President Roosevelt's dream of
putting the Nazis' moneymen on trial died with him."
England also failed to see justice done,
according to the authors:
"The British authorities in Germany
ordered the U.S. Army to release all of the VIP British Nazis
and hand over the evidence against them.
Even before Roosevelt's death,
Churchill had already begun to withdraw from his commitment to
prosecute Nazis." The reason?" Too many British industries might
be seized as Nazi fronts. Too many upper-class collaborators
might have to be prosecuted. The Germans were defeated, and the
Soviets were now the enemy.
"Funding for British war crimes investigations suddenly dried
up. Nazi bankers such as Herman Abs were released from prison to
work as economic advisers in the British zone of Germany. The
history of British 'efforts' to punish Nazis after the war is
aptly summarized in Tom Bower's book, 'The Pledge betrayed'...
"The pattern was repeated all over the remnants of the Third
Reich. Despite direct orders from President Truman and General
Eisenhower, I.G. Farben, the citadel of the Nazi industrialists,
was never dismantled. Dulles's clients demanded, and received,
Allied compensation for bomb damage to their factories in
Germany. Only a few of the top Nazis were executed.
Most of the rest were released from
prison within a few years. Others,... would go virtually
unpunished. No one ever investigated the Nazi sympathizers in
Western intelligence who had made it all possible." (12)
As we have seen, the American
industrialists who did business with the Nazis were in no way
inconvenienced by war crimes trials, and even received compensation
for damages to their Nazi war plants.
Some Nazi industrialists were charged
and convicted by the Nuremberg war crimes trials but, in their book,
"The American Establishment," authors Leonard and Mark
Silk observe that in the late 1940s,
"the United States and its leaders
faced an agonizing moral problem in coming to terms with those
German industrialists who had willingly done business with the
Nazis and who were now just as willing to do business with the
Americans in the reconstruction of Germany.
The problem was dramatized when
those German industrialists who had been convicted of war crimes
at Nuremberg were all released from Landsberg prison in early
1951, their sentences commuted by the American High Commissioner
[of German Occupation], John J. McCloy.
"... Whatever the motivation," the authors continue, "the
blanket release of the convicted industrialists was taken within
Germany - and by them - as a sign that businessmen were not to
be seriously blamed for their involvement in matters for which
others were hanged or suffered long imprisonment." (13)
The motivation for the mass release of
imprisoned Nazi war criminals is described in the book, "The New
Germany and the Old Nazis," by T.H. Tetens, an expert in
German affairs.
Tetens observes that in,
"1950, when Washington showed its
eagerness to create a new German army of 500,000 men, the SS [at
that time reorganized into a neo-Nazi front group called HIAG,
which stands for 'mutual assistance,' a so-called veterans
organization], together with the old Wehrmacht officers, started
an all-out campaign for the immediate release of all war
criminals.
It was a superbly organized
blackmail action, enjoying wide support from the public, from
all parties, and carried toward success by Dr. Adenauer's astute
maneuverings.
"The Chancellor suggested an inconspicuous way to solve the
problem with 'parole,' 'sick leave,' and other roundabout
methods. The more the U.S. High Commission in Germany showed
leniency, however, the stronger the pressure became: either 'all
so-called war criminals are released or there will be no German
army.'
American diplomats followed Dr.
Adenauer's plan to feed the nationalistic monster piecemeal.
Every few days we quietly released one or two more from prison -
the Krupps, the I.G. Farben directors, and dozens of former
Wehrmacht Generals. On friendly advice from Washington, the
British and the French, extremely reluctant, had to follow suit.
When the supply dried up, there
remained behind bars only the SS, the mass murderers from
Dachau, Belsen, and Buchenwald, and the toughs from the Waffen
SS who had massacred American, British, and Canadian prisoners
of war.
This put High Commissioner John
McCloy in a most embarrassing position..."
Tetens explains how Chancellor Adenauer
helped High Commissioner McCloy and the U.S. State Department avoid
this embarrassment:
Adenauer "suggested the formation of
a review board, with three German members sitting in and having
equal voice in making recommendations.
The whole procedure was to be
shrouded in secrecy, and it was decided that the names of those
released should not be revealed to the public. In this way the
last few hundred 'poor devils,' those SS mass killers and
sadists, were quietly set free within two or three years."
(14)
Christopher Simpson, in his
extensively documented book on the subject of U.S. recruitment of
Nazis, "Blowback," goes into more detail of the backgrounds of those
released:
"The beneficiaries of this act
included, for example, all of the convicted concentration camp
doctors; all of the top judges who had administered the Nazis'
'special courts'" and dozens of similar cases.
In addition,
"McCloy's clemency decisions for the
Landsberg inmates set in motion a much broader process that
eventually freed hundreds of other convicted Nazi war criminals
over the next five years...
By the winter of 1950-1951 the most
senior levels of the U.S. government had decided to abrogate
their wartime pledge to bring Nazi war criminals to justice...
in the interests of preserving West German military support for
American leadership in the cold war.
While nazism and Hitler's inner
circle continued to be publicly condemned throughout the West,
the actual investigation and prosecution of specific Nazi crimes
came to a standstill." (15)
One case merits special attention:
Sepp Dietrich, "the organizer of the
Fuehrer's bodyguard.
Dietrich carried out Hitler's
personal murder assignments" and, Tetens continues, "was in
charge of the liquidation of the Jewish population in the city
of Kharkov. During the Battle of the Bulge his troops committed
the Malmedy massacre, killing more than 600 military and
civilian prisoners, among them 115 American G.I.s.
He was sentenced to death, and the
sentence was later commuted to life imprisonment. In 1955 he was
one of the last poor devils' quietly released from prison and
greeted by the Bonn government with the homecoming pay of 6,000
marks." (16)
In a "New York Times" article published
February 1, 1951, one prominent American expressed support for the
reduction of sentences for those responsible for the mass murder of
the 600 unarmed prisoners of war at Malmedy, describing the decision
as "extremely wise."
The American was Senator Joseph
McCarthy, Republican from Wisconsin.
Tetens observes that, despite the wide-spread fear by,
"the French, the British, and the
smaller European countries" of a re-militarized Germany, "the
outbreak of the Korean War (June 1950) brought a total change.
The provisions which banned all military and veterans'
organizations lost all their meaning and were no longer
enforced.
Western Germany was allowed by the
Allies to set up its own General Staff, camouflaged under the
name Blank Office. Supported by Bonn and tolerated by the United
States, a nation-wide network was created to reactivate the
experienced officers and the man power of the old Wehrmacht.
The short period of 1950-51 must be
marked as the time when Hitler's old officers, SS leaders, and
[Nazi] party functionaries returned to power and influence."
(17)
Tetens' comment that the Nazi's return
to power in Germany was "tolerated by the United States" was a
historical understatement.
By the time Tetens' book was published
in 1961, hundreds of convicted Nazi war criminals had already been
smuggled out of Germany to avoid prosecution at the war crimes
trials at Nuremberg, recruited by, and on the payroll of several
U.S. government agencies, including the Army CIC, the OSS, and the
Office of Policy Coordination within the State Department.
Over the past fifty years, it is now documented, these Americanized
fugitive Nazi war criminals have been involved in, and in many cases
in charge of, many U.S. government covert operations:
-
international weapons smuggling
-
drug cartels
-
Central American death squads
-
right wing anti-communist
dictatorships
-
LSD mind control experiments
-
the Republican National
Committee's Ethnic Heritage Councils
-
the Presidential campaigns of
Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan, and George Bush
THE GEHLEN ORGANIZATION
Probably the most influential Nazi to come to work for the United
States intelligence agencies during the Cold War was named Gehlen.
"Reinhard Gehlen," writes author
Christopher Simpson, "Hitler's most senior military intelligence
officer on the eastern front, had begun planning his surrender
to the United States at least as early as the fall of 1944."
Of "several hundred" high-ranking
Nazi officers who switched sides at the end of World War II,
Gehlen "proved to be the most important of them all.
"In early March 1945 Gehlen and a small group of his most senior
officers carefully microfilmed the vast holdings on the USSR in
the... military intelligence section of the German army's
general staff. They packed the film in watertight steel drums
and secretly buried it in remote mountain meadows scattered
through the Austrian Alps.
Then, on May 22, 1945, Gehlen and
his top aides surrendered to an American Counter-intelligence
Corps [CIC] team." (18)
According to Tetens:
"... [Gehlen] immediately asked for
an interview with the commanding officer..." and offered the
United States "his intelligence staff, spy apparatus, and the
priceless files for future service."
Gehlen was sent to Washington and his
offer was taken.
"The Pentagon-Gehlen agreement,"
states Tetens, "in practice guaranteed the continuation of the
all-important Abwehr division of the German General Staff.
Hundreds of German army and SS officers were quietly released
from internment camps and joined Gehlen's headquarters in the
Spessart Mountains in central Germany.
When the staff had grown to three
thousand men, the Bureau Gehlen opened a closely guarded
twenty-five-acre compound near Pullach, south of Munich,
operating under the innocent name of the South German Industrial
Development Organization...
"Within a few years the Gehlen apparatus had grown by leaps and
bounds. In the early fifties it was estimated that the
organization employed up to 4,000 intelligence specialists in
Germany, mainly former army and SS officers, and that more than
4,000 V-men (undercover agents) were active throughout the
Soviet-bloc countries. Gehlen's spy network stretches from Korea
to Cairo, from Siberia to Santiago de Chile...
When the Federal Republic [of West
Germany] became a sovereign state in 1955, the Bureau Gehlen was
openly recognized as the official intelligence arm of the Bonn
government." (19)
How important was
the Gehlen Org, as it became known,
to the history of the Cold War?
Simpson's research documents that it was
perhaps the most significant element of all:
"... The Org became the most
important eyes and ears for U.S. intelligence inside the closed
societies of the Soviet bloc.
'In 1946 [U.S.] intelligence files
on the Soviet Union were virtually empty,' says Harry Rositzke,
the CIA's former chief of espionage inside the Soviet Union '...Rositzke
worked closely with Gehlen during the formative years of the CIA
and credits Gehlen's organization with playing a "primary role"
in filling the empty file folders during that period...'
"'Gehlen had to make his money by creating a threat that we were
afraid of,' says Victor Marchetti, formerly the CIA's chief
analyst of Soviet strategic war plans and capabilities, 'so we
would give him more money to tell us about it.'
He continues: 'In my opinion, the
Gehlen Organization provided nothing worthwhile for the
understanding or estimating Soviet military or political
capabilities in Eastern Europe or anywhere else.'
Employing Gehlen was 'a waste of
time, money, and effort, except that maybe he had some CI
[counter- intelligence] value, because practically everybody in
his organization was sucking off both tits.'" (20)
By 'sucking off both tits' Marchetti is
referring to the fact that Gehlen's elaborate operation was
penetrated by Soviet spies at the very time it was our most
important source of intelligence upon which the Cold War was based.
In fact, the Communists had infiltrated
Nazi intelligence long before Gehlen switched sides.
TRIPLE CROSS
"In each generation," write Aarons
and Loftus, "Soviet intelligence created 'anti-Communist' émigré
front groups, ostensibly to foment revolution and topple
Bolshevism. The front groups attracted support from the West.
Considerable financial assistance was supplied and close ties
forged with various Western intelligence services.
This enabled the Communist double
agents running the front groups to co-opt the legitimate émigré
opposition, splinter their leadership and provoke them into
premature and poorly organized rebellions which were easily
defeated. More importantly, the false front groups were a
vehicle for long-term Soviet penetration of Western society..."
The authors identify one of these groups
as the Narodny Trudovoi Soyuz (NTS), or the People's Labour
Alliance.
The NTS represented itself as a group of
anti-communist "moles" inside the Kremlin and, in the 1920s,
recruited a Communist agent named Prince Anton Vasilevich Turkel.
Turkel, who actually worked for
Soviet Military intelligence (GRU), went on to penetrate French,
Japanese, Italian, British, German, and even the Vatican
intelligence services before the end of World War II.
"After World War II, Turkel worked
for West German intelligence (the Gehlen Org), collaborated with
many of the spy services of NATO, including the American
Military Intelligence Service (MIS - for offensive
intelligence), the US Army Counter Intelligence Corps (CIC - for
defensive purposes), the ultra-secret State Department Office of
Policy Co-ordination and the Central Intelligence Agency..."
(21)
"Just before World War II began," according to the authors, "an
Austrian Jew named Richard Kauder created a secret intelligence
network, code named MAX." Kauder, using the name of [Max] Klatt
- Turkel's intelligence chief ["Unholy Trinity," Aarons and
Loftus, p. 166] - "worked exclusively for Admiral Wilhelm
Canaris, the German spy chief who collaborated with the Vatican
and the British to topple Hitler during the war [the group known
as the Black Orchestra]."
The Nazis thought the Max network was
made up of "so-called Fascist Jews" who,
"were willing to spy against the
Soviet Union, not for the glory of the Third Reich but to save
themselves and their families from the concentration camps."
The Max network was supposed to have
had,
"the only communication link to a
secret network of 'White' Russian Fascists inside the Kremlin [Turkel's
NTS], who had supposedly infiltrated Stalin's military
headquarters prior to World War II."
But, the authors continue,
"the Max network was not made up of
Fascist Jews. They were, in fact, Communist Jews who risked
their lives inside the heart of the Third Reich's intelligence
service."
The Max network actually misled the
Nazis, feeding them false intelligence on the capabilities and
intentions of the Soviet Union, leading,
"the Nazi divisions into a series of
death traps on the Eastern front."
The Max double-agents were responsible
for the Nazis defeats at Stalingrad,
"the giant battle of Kursk where
Hitler's tank divisions were slaughtered. The final sting,"
continue the authors, "was to mislead Germany into believing
that the Red army was on the verge of collapse in 1944, when in
fact the Soviets were preparing for the most massive onslaught
of the war.
"It would not be an exaggeration to say that the 'Fascist Jews'
of the Max network did more to defeat the German army than all
the Western intelligence services combined. Seventy percent of
all Hitler's divisions were destroyed on the Eastern front,
largely as a result of the misleading intelligence supplied by
Max." (22)
When Gehlen was recruited by the United
States, Allen Dulles ordered the ex-Nazi spymaster to "revive the
Max network."
Gehlen already had plans to do just
that, intending,
"to make Turkel's Max network the
centerpiece of his new West German intelligence agency. As soon
as a Republican president was elected in the United States,
Dulles intended to take over the CIA and make Gehlen and Turkel
the heart of his anti-Soviet network.
The Soviets, of course, were
delighted as they watched Dulles and Gehlen attempt to plant a
Communist spy ring in the heart of Western intelligence...
"... [E]ventually, in 1956, the Allies decided that the whole
thing had been a giant Soviet-controlled operation. Dozens of
operations, hundreds of agents, thousands of innocent civilians
had been betrayed...
"... [T]hree years after Dulles became head of CIA in 1953, his
pet 'Fascist,' Turkel, broadcast the CIA codes to start the
Hungarian uprising prematurely. Thousands of innocent Hungarians
rushed on to the streets of Budapest to start the revolution.
Instead of American paratroopers
dropping supplies, they found Soviet tanks waiting in the
suburbs."
By 1959, the collapse of Dulles's spy
network was almost total:
"U.S. Military Intelligence admitted
to the National Security Council that it did not have a single
network of couriers or safe houses left in Communist territory,
apart from East Germany. Dulles's Nazi 'freedom fighters' had
sold him out." (23)
COLD WARRIORS
It was Harry Rositze who best described the attitude of the
United States military-intelligence establishment after the end of
World War II:
"Any bastard as long as he was
anti-Communist." Rositze, the "former head of secret operations
inside the USSR" for the CIA, was correct. (24)
We have seen that many Nazis - including
those who committed atrocities - returned to positions of power and
influence inside Germany after the war.
Unknown until fairly recently was the
extent of Nazi recruitment by U.S. intelligence agencies and
political organizations, in the 1940s and 1950s.
Perhaps the most publicized program of Nazi recruitment is that of
Project Paperclip, which involved
the collection of Nazi rocket scientists and facilities, all of
which were later incorporated into the U.S. Space Program.
Klaus Barbie's employment by the
U.S. State Department in the 1940s is another well-known incident.
Barbie, head of the Gestapo in Lyons, France, was known as the
"Butcher of Lyons" and was sought by the French Government for
atrocities committed against French Resistance fighters captured by
the Nazis.
Barbie was recruited as a U.S.
intelligence "asset" in 1947 by one branch of the State Department's
Counter-intelligence Corps (CIC), while another branch, the
Operation Selection Board, a joint U.S./British project, was trying
to put him in prison for war crimes.
Eventually, according to Aarons and Loftus,
"Barbie's employment (and
protection) by the Americans began to reach French newspapers
and politicians at least as early as 1948. They, in turn brought
increasing pressure on the U.S. government through publicity and
eventually through official notes requesting Barbie's
extradition from Germany.
That, in the final analysis, is why
the CIC chose to provide Barbie with a new identity and safe
passage to Argentina in 1951, while thousands of other ex-Nazis
who had been 'of interest' to the CIC at one time or another
have simply lived out their lives in Germany.
If the CIC had dumped Barbie when
the French government began requesting his extradition, he would
have had plenty of compromising things to say about the CIC..."
(25)
But when Barbie was eventually captured
by Bolivian authorities in the early 1980s, and returned to France
to face charges of war crimes, the U.S. government was forced to
conduct an investigation into the Barbie affair.
The official position?
"... [T]his investigation concluded
that the United States had indeed protected Barbie in Europe and
engineered his escape but that Barbie was the only such Nazi who
had been assisted in this fashion." (26)
As documented previously, this statement
was false.
Hundreds, perhaps thousands, of Nazis
were employed by the several U.S. agencies, from the CIC to the CIA,
and used in covert operations overseas, as our first line of defense
against Communism. Others, equally as guilty of wartime atrocities,
were brought into the United States for domestic political purposes.
This aspect of the U.S.-Nazi connection is well-documented, and
deserves closer attention by the mainstream press.
One of the first researchers to reveal the connections between the
U.S. government and the Nazis, was a lady named Mae Brussell
of Carmel, California.
Her career as a conspiracy researcher
and host of the weekly radio program "World Watchers International"
began with the Kennedy assassination.
"In ferreting out every morsel from
the Warren Report," writes Jonathan Vankin, author of the book
"Conspiracies, Cover-ups and Crimes," "supplementing her
research with untold amounts of reading from the 'New York
Times' to 'Soldier of Fortune,' Brussell discovered not merely a
conspiracy of a few renegade CIA agents, Mafiosi, and Castro
haters behind Kennedy's death, but a vast, invisible
institutional structure layered into the very fabric of the U.S.
political system.
"Comprising the government within a government were not just
spies, gangsters, and Cubans, but Nazis. Mae found that many of
the commission witnesses - whose testimony established Oswald as
a lone nut' - had never even spoken to Oswald, or knew him only
slightly.
The bulk of them were White Russian
émigrés living in Dallas. Extreme in their anti-Communism, they
were often affiliated with groups set up by the SS in World War
II - Eastern European ethnic armies used by the Nazis to carry
out their dirtiest work.
"Brussell also discovered an episode from history rarely
reported in the media, and not often taught in universities.
Those same collaborationist groups were absorbed by United
States intelligence agencies. They hooked up with the spy net of
German General Reinhard Gehlen, Hitler's Eastern Front espionage
chief."
"'This is a story of how key Nazis... anticipated military
disaster and laid plans to transplant nazism, intact but
disguised, in havens in the West,' wrote Mae Brussell in 1983.
She didn't author too many articles, but this one, 'The Nazi
Connection to the John F. Kennedy Assassination' (in 'The
Rebel,' a short-lived political magazine published by 'Hustler'
impresario Larry Flynt), was definitive, albeit convoluted.
"'It is a story that climaxes in Dallas on November 22, 1963,
when John Kennedy was struck down,' Brussell's article
continued. 'And it is a story with an aftermath - America's
slide to the brink of Fascism.'"
Mae Brussell quit broadcasting her radio
show in Spring of 1988, after receiving a death threat from a,
"man who is said to have identified
himself as 'a fascist and proud of it.'"
The last project she worked on, before
her death from cancer on October 3, 1988, writes the author,
"was a study of Satanic cults -
within the U.S. military. The hidden fascist oligarchy had
progressed far beyond the need for patsies like Oswald. They
were now able, Brussell asserted, to hypnotically program
assassins.
"Satanic cults are the state of the art in brainwashing. With
drugs, sex, and violence, they strip any semblance of moral
thought. They are perfect for use in creating killers. The
United States military, Brussell found, was using them."
(27)
NOTES: THE NEW WORLD (DIS)ORDER
-
One Thousand Americans, George
Seldes, p. 5-6
-
The Secret War Against the Jews,
Loftus and Aarons, p. 71
-
Ibid., pp. 73-74
-
Ibid., pp. 75-76
-
Ibid., p. 77
-
Ibid., p. 78
-
Ibid., pp. 79-80
-
Ibid., pp. 82-83
-
Ibid., pp. 84-85
-
Ibid., pp. 85-86
-
Tragedy and Hope, Prof. Carrol
Quigley, p. 827
-
Secret War Against the Jews, pp.
100-102
-
The American Establishment,
Leonard and Mark Silk, p. 249
-
The New Germany and the Old
Nazis, T.H. Tetens, pp. 99-102
-
Blowback: America's recruitment
of Nazis and its effects on the Cold War, Christopher
Simpson, pp. 191-192
-
The New Germany and the Old
Nazis, p. 103
-
Ibid., pp. 112-113
-
Blowback, pp. 40-41
-
The New Germany and the Old
Nazis, pp. 42-43
-
Blowback, pp. 54-55
-
Unholy Trinity, Mark Aarons and
John Loftus, pp. 151-152
-
The Secret War Against the Jews,
pp. 135-136
-
Ibid., pp. 151-152
-
Blowback, p. 159
-
Ibid., pp. 187-189
-
Ibid., pp. 192-193
-
Conspiracies, Cover-ups and
Crimes, Jonathan Vankin, pp. 101-104
RICHARD
MILHOUSE NIXON
In this section we will explore the Nazi connections of Richard
Nixon. To do so we must return to the years just after the end
of World War II and, of course, a man named Dulles.
The irony of Nixon's political career ending with a cover-up can
only be appreciated with the knowledge that this turbulent career
also began with one. Loftus and Aarons state that:
"According to several of our sources
among the 'old spies,' Richard Nixon's political career began in
1945, when he was the navy officer temporarily assigned to
review... captured Nazi documents."
The documents in question revealed the
wartime record of Karl Blessing,
"former Reichsbank officer and then
head of the Nazi oil cartel, Kontinentale Ol A.G. 'Konti' was in
partnership with Dulles's principal Nazi client, I.G. Farben.
Both companies had despicable records regarding their treatment
of Jews during the Holocaust. After the war Dulles not only
'lost' Blessings Nazi party records, but he helped peddle a
false biography in the ever-gullible 'New York Times.'"
The authors' sources reveal that not
only did Dulles help cover up his Nazi client's record, he,
"personally vouched for Blessing as
an anti-Nazi in order to protect continued control of German oil
interests in the Middle East. Blessing's Konti was the Nazi link
to Iben Saud [King of Saudi Arabia] and Aramco [the Arabian-
American Oil Company].
If Blessing went down, he could have
taken a lot of people with him, including Allen Dulles. The
cover-up worked, except that U.S. Naval Intelligence scrutinized
a set of the captured Konti records."
According to the "old spies," Allen
Dulles made a deal with the young navy officer who was reviewing the
Konti files - Richard Nixon. Nixon would help Dulles bury the Konti
files. In return, Allen Dulles,
"arranged to finance [Nixon's] first
congressional campaign against Jerry Voorhis." (1)
Dulles's support for Nixon paid off in
1947 when, as the freshman congressman from California, he,
"saved John Foster Dulles
considerable embarrassment by privately pointing out that
confidential government files showed that one of Foster's
foundation employees, Alger Hiss, was allegedly a Communist.
The Dulles brothers took Nixon under
their wing and escorted him on a tour of Fascist 'freedom
fighter' operations in Germany, apparently in anticipation that
the young congressman would be useful after Dewey became
president."
[He would be useful anyway, despite
the fact that incumbent President Truman won reelection in 1948,
defeating Dewey.] (2)
After Truman's victory, write the
authors,
"Nixon became Allen Dulles's
mouthpiece in Congress.
Both he and Senator Joseph McCarthy
received volumes of classified information to support the charge
that the Truman administration was filled with 'pinkos.' When
McCarthy went too far in his Communist investigations, it was
Nixon who worked with his next-door neighbor, CIA director
Bedell Smith, to steer the investigations away from the
intelligence community.
"The CIA was grateful for Nixon's assistance, but did not know
the reason for it. Dulles had been recruiting Nazis under the
cover of the State Department's Office of Policy Coordination,
whose chief, Frank Wisner, had systematically recruited the
Eastern European emigre networks that had worked first for the
SS, then the British, and finally Dulles.
"The CIA did not know it, but Dulles was bringing them to the
United States less for intelligence purposes than for political
advantage. The Nazis' job quickly became to get out the vote for
the Republicans.
One Israeli intelligence officer
joked that when Dulles used the phrase 'Never Again,' he was not
talking about the Holocaust but about Dewey's narrow loss to
Truman. In the eyes of the Israelis, Allen Dulles was the demon
who infected Western intelligence with Nazi recruits.
"In preparation for the 1952 Eisenhower-Nixon campaign, the
Republicans formed an Ethnic Division, which, to put it bluntly,
recruited the 'displaced Fascists' who arrived in the United
States after World War II.
Like similar migrant organizations
in several Western countries, the Ethnic Division attracted a
significant number of Central and Eastern European Nazis, who
had been recruited by the SS as political and police leaders
during the Holocaust.
These Fascist emigres supported the
Eisenhower-Nixon 'liberation' policy as the quickest means of
getting back into power in their former homelands and made a
significant contribution 'in its first operation (1951/1952).'"
The authors point out that,
"over the years the Democrats had
acquired one or two Nazis of their own, such as Tscherim
Soobzokov, a former member of the Caucasian SS who worked as a
party boss in New Jersey.
But in 90 percent of the cases, the
members of Hitler's political organization went to the
Republicans. In fact, from the very beginning, the word had been
put around among Eastern European Nazis that Dulles and Nixon
were the men to see, especially if you were a rich Fascist..."
(3)
This relationship between Richard Nixon
and the Nazis developed because both he and Allen Dulles,
"blamed Governor Dewey's razor-thin
loss to Truman in the 1948 presidential election on the Jewish
vote. When [Nixon] became Eisenhower's vice president in 1952,
Nixon was determined to build his own ethnic base.
"Vice President Nixon's secret political war of Nazis against
Jews in American politics was never investigated at the time.
The foreign language-speaking Croatian and other Fascist émigré
groups had a ready-made network for contacting and mobilizing
the Eastern European ethnic bloc.
There is a very high correlation
between CIA domestic subsidies to Fascist 'freedom fighters'
during the 1950s and the leadership of the Republican party's
ethnic campaign groups. The motive for under-the-table financing
was clear: Nixon used Nazis to offset the Jewish vote for the
Democrats.
"In 1952 Nixon had formed an Ethnic Division within the
Republican National Committee. 'Displaced Fascists, hoping to be
returned to power by an Eisenhower-Nixon "liberation" policy
signed on' with the committee. In 1953, when Republicans were in
office, the immigration laws were changed to admit Nazis, even
members of the SS.
They flooded into the country. Nixon
himself oversaw the new immigration program. As vice president,
he even received Eastern European Fascists in the White House.
After a long, long journey, the Croatian Nazis had found a new
home in the United States, where they reestablished their
networks.
"In 1968 Nixon promised that if he won the presidential
election, he would create a permanent ethnic council within the
Republican party. Previously the Ethnic Division was allowed to
surface only during presidential campaigns. Nixon's promise was
carried out after the 1972 election, during [George] Bush's
tenure as chairman of the Republican National Committee.
The Croatian Ustashis became an
integral part of the campaign structure of Republican politics,
along with several other Fascist organizations." (4)
The authors describe Nixon's pro-Nazi
activities in no uncertain terms:
"Nixon himself personally recruited
ex-Nazis for his 1968 presidential campaign. Moreover, Vice
President Nixon became the point man for the Eisenhower
administration on covert operations and personally supervised
Allen Dulles's projects while Ike was ill in 1956 and 1957."
(5)
One of the Nazis recruited by candidate
Nixon was Laszlo Pasztor, described by Aarons and Loftus as,
"the founding chair of Nixon's
Republican Heritage Groups council" who, "during World War II...
was a diplomat in Berlin representing the Arrow Cross government
of Nazi Hungary, which supervised the extermination of the
Jewish population.
"[A]fter Nixon won [the 1968 Presidential Election], he approved
Pasztor's appointment as chief organizer of the ethnic council.
Not surprisingly, Pasztor's 'choices for filling emigre slots as
the council was being formed included various Nazi
collaborationist organizations.' The former Fascists were coming
out of the closet in droves.
"The policy of the Nixon White House was an 'open door' for
emigre Fascists, and through the door came such guests as Ivan
Docheff, head of the Bulgarian National Front and chairman of
the American Friends of the Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations
(ABN)... an organization dominated by war criminals and fugitive
Fascists. Yet Nixon welcomed them with open arms and even had
Docheff to breakfast for a prayer meeting to celebrate Captive
Nations Week." (6)
"During Nixon's 'Four More Years' campaign in 1971-1972, Laszlo
Pasztor again played a key role in marshaling the ethnic vote.
No longer a marginal player on the fringes, now he held a key
position as the Republican National Committee's nationalities
director...
"The Republican leadership cannot claim ignorance as a defense.
[Syndicated Columnist Jack] Anderson's famous expose of Nixon's
Nazis appeared in 'The Washington Post' at the same time as the
November 1971 convention.
Among those mentioned was Laszlo
Pasztor, 'the industrious head of the GOP ethnic groups, [who]
was never asked about his wartime activities in Hungary by the
four GOP officials who interviewed him for his job.' It was too
embarrassing for Nixon to admit that Pasztor had been a ranking
member of a Fascist government at war with the United States.
"... It is one thing to promote obscure Eastern European Fascist
movements in the Republican party. It is quite another to let
the German Nazis have a major influence.
After 1953, the Republican
administration changed the rules, and even members of the Waffen
SS could immigrate to the United States as long as they claimed
only to have fought the Communists on the Eastern Front."
(7)
The Republican/Nixon attraction to
Nazism was also observed by Robert J. Groden and Harrison Edward
Livingstone, authors of the book, "High Treason," dealing with the
Kennedy Assassination.
Groden and Livingstone write:
"Nixon surrounded himself with what
was known as the Berlin Wall, a long succession of advisors with
Germanic names: We recall at the top of his 'German General
Staff' as it was also known, Haldeman, Erlichman, Krogh,
Kliendienst, Kissinger (the Rockefellers' emissary) and many
others.
"The selection of German names was no accident. Many of the
brighter staff people close to Nixon came to him from the
University of Southern California, and the University of
California at Los Angeles, where there were fraternities that
kept alive the vision of a new Reich. America has for a long
time harbored this dark side of its character, one of violence
and the Valhalla of Wagner and Hitler.
"But Gordon Liddy was the one in whose mind 'Triumph of the
Will' was the most alive. Some of these men would watch the
great Nazi propaganda films in the basement of the White House
until all hours of the night, and drink, in fact, get drunk with
their power, with blind ambition, as one of them wrote."
(8)
"According to several of our sources in the intelligence
community who were in a position to know," continue Loftus and
Aarons, "the secret rosters of the Republican party's
Nationalities Council read like a Who's Who of Fascist
fugitives. The Republican's Nazi connection is the darkest
secret of the Republican leadership. The rosters will never be
disclosed to the public. As will be seen in Chapter 16 dealing
with George Bush, the Fascist connection is too widespread for
damage control.
"According to a 1988 study by Russ Bellant of Political Research
Associates, virtually all of the Fascist organizations of World
War II opened up a Republican party front group during the Nixon
administration.
The caliber of the Republican ethnic
leaders can be gauged by one New Jersey man, Emanuel Jasiuk, a
notorious mass murderer from what is today called the
independent nation of Belarus, formerly part of the Soviet
Union. But not all American ethnic communities are represented
in the GOP's ethnic section; there are no black or Jewish
heritage groups...
"The truth is that the Nazi immigrants were 'tar babies' that no
one knew how to get rid of. Dulles had brought in a handful of
the top emigre politicians in the late 1940s. They in turn
sponsored their friends in the 1950s.
By the 1960s ex-Nazis who had
originally fled to Argentina were moving to the United
States..." (9)
It is clear that, even before the
break-in at the Democratic Party Headquarters on June 17, 1972, the
Republicans were on the brink of having their pro-Nazi activities
over the past four decades become a matter of mass-media attention.
After the Watergate Break-in, as the
Congressional Hearings began to reveal the slush-funds,
money-laundering, illegal corporate campaign contributions, the
political sabotage of the 1972 Presidential election process, the
involvement of ITT and the Nixon Administration into the
assassination of Salvador Allende, the democratically elected
president of Chile, and many other aspects of Nixonism, the
floodgates of truth were about to open.
Only one thing averted this wholesale
learning of the truth by the American people: Nixon's resignation
and subsequent pardoning by his hand-picked successor, Gerald Ford.
NOTES: RICHARD MILHOUSE NIXON
-
The Secret War Against the Jews,
p. 221
-
Ibid., pp. 221-222
-
Ibid., pp. 222-223
-
Ibid., pp. 122-123
-
Ibid., pp. 224-225
-
Ibid., pp. 297-298
-
Ibid., pp. 298-299
-
High Treason, Robert J. Groden
and Harrison Edward Livingstone, pp. 417-418
-
The Secret War Against the Jews,
pp. 300-301
GEORGE HERBERT
WALKER BUSH
Like Richard Nixon,
George Bush was a strong
anti-marijuana/hemp president, escalating the so-called "war on
drugs" begun by Nixon.
And, like Nixon, George Bush was deeply
involved with supporting the Nazis in the Republican's closet. In
fact, support for the Nazis was a Bush family tradition which goes
back more than six decades and, once again, to Allen Dulles.
Loftus and Aarons write:
"The real story of George Bush
starts well before he launched his own career. It goes back to
the 1920s, when the Dulles brothers and the other pirates of
Wall Street were making their deals with the Nazis..."
THE BUSH-DULLES-NAZI CONNECTION
"George Bush's problems were
inherited from his namesake and maternal grandfather, George
Herbert 'Bert' Walker, a native of St. Louis, who founded the
banking and investment firm of G. H. Walker and Company in 1900.
Later the company shifted from St. Louis to the prestigious
address of 1 Wall Street...
"Walker was one of Hitler's most powerful financial supporters
in the United States. The relationship went all the way back to
1924, when Fritz Thyssen, the German industrialist, was
financing Hitler's infant Nazi party. As mentioned in earlier
chapters, there were American contributors as well.
"Some Americans were just bigots and made their connections to
Germany through Allen Dulles's firm of Sullivan and Cromwell
because they supported Fascism. The Dulles brothers, who were in
it for profit more than ideology, arranged American investments
in Nazi Germany in the 1930s to ensure that their clients did
well out of the German economic recovery...
"Sullivan & Cromwell was not the only firm engaged in funding
Germany. According to 'The Splendid Blond Beast,' Christopher
Simpson's seminal history of the politics of genocide and
profit, Brown Brothers, Harriman was another bank that
specialized in investments in Germany. The key figure was
Averill Harriman, a dominating figure in the American
establishment...
"The firm originally was known as W. A. Harriman & Company. The
link between Harriman & Company's American investors and Thyssen
started in the 1920s, through the Union Banking Corporation,
which began trading in 1924. In just one three-year period, the
Harriman firm sold more than $50 million of German bonds to
American investors.
'Bert' Walker was Union Banking's
president, and the firm was located in the offices of Averill
Harriman's company at 39 Broadway in New York.
"In 1926 Bert Walker did a favor for his new son-in-law,
Prescott Bush. It was the sort of favor families do to help
their children make a start in life, but Prescott came to regret
it bitterly. Walker made Prescott vice president of W. A.
Harriman. The problem was that Walker's specialty was companies
that traded with Germany.
As Thyssen and the other German
industrialists consolidated Hitler's political power in the
1930s, an American financial connection was needed. According to
our sources, Union Banking became an out-and-out Nazi
money-laundering machine...
"In [1931], Harriman & Company merged with a British-American
investment company to become Brown Brothers, Harriman. Prescott
Bush became one of the senior partners of the new company, which
relocated to 59 Broadway, while Union Banking remained at 39
Broadway. But in 1934 Walker arranged to put his son-in-law on
the board of directors of Union Banking.
"Walker also set up a deal to take over the North American
operations of the Hamburg-Amerika Line, a cover for I.G.
Farben's Nazi espionage unit in the United States. The shipping
line smuggled in German agents, propaganda, and money for
bribing American politicians to see things Hitler's way.
The holding company was Walker's
American Shipping & Commerce, which shared the offices at 39
Broadway with Union Banking. In an elaborate corporate paper
trail, Harriman's stock in American Shipping & Commerce was
controlled by yet another holding company, the Harriman Fifteen
Corporation, run out of Walker's office. The directors of this
company were Averill Harriman, Bert Walker, and Prescott Bush...
"... In a November 1935 article in Common Sense, retired marine
general Smedley D. Butler blamed Brown Brothers, Harriman for
having the U.S. marines act like 'racketeers' and 'gangsters' in
order to exploit financially the peasants of Nicaragua...
"... A 1934 congressional investigation alleged that Walker's
'Hamburg-Amerika Line subsidized a wide range of pro-Nazi
propaganda efforts both in Germany and the United States.'
Walker did not know it, but one of his American employees, Dan
Harkins, had blown the whistle on the spy apparatus to Congress.
Harkins, one of our best sources, became Roosevelt's first
double agent... [and] kept up the pretense of being an ardent
Nazi sympathizer, while reporting to Naval Intelligence on the
shipping company's deals with Nazi intelligence.
"Instead of divesting the Nazi money," continue the authors,
"Bush hired a lawyer to hide the assets. The lawyer he hired had
considerable expertise in such underhanded schemes. It was Allen
Dulles. According to Dulles's client list at Sullivan &
Cromwell, his first relationship with Brown Brothers, Harriman
was on June 18, 1936. In January 1937 Dulles listed his work for
the firm as 'Disposal of Stan [Standard Oil] Investing stock.'
"As discussed in Chapter 3, Standard Oil of New Jersey had
completed a major stock transaction with Dulles's Nazi client,
I.G. Farben. By the end of January 1937 Dulles had merged all
his cloaking activities into one client account: 'Brown Brothers
Harriman-Schroeder Rock.' Schroeder, of course, was the Nazi
bank on whose board Dulles sat.
The 'Rock' were the Rockefellers of
Standard Oil, who were already coming under scrutiny for their
Nazi deals. By May 1939 Dulles handled another problem for Brown
Brothers, Harriman, their 'Securities Custodian Accounts.'
"If Dulles was trying to conceal how many Nazi holding companies
Brown Brothers, Harriman was connected with, he did not do a
very good job. Shortly after Pearl Harbor, word leaked from
Washington that affiliates of Prescott Bush's company were under
investigation for aiding the Nazis in time of war...
"... The government investigation against Prescott Bush
continued. Just before the storm broke, his son, George,
abandoned his plans to enter Yale and enlisted in the U.S. Army.
It was, say our sources among the former intelligence officers,
a valiant attempt by an eighteen-year-old boy to save the
family's honor.
"Young George was in flight school in October 1942, when the
U.S. government charged his father with running Nazi front
groups in the United States. Under the Trading with the Enemy
Act, all the shares of the Union Banking Corporation were
seized, including those held by Prescott Bush as being in effect
held for enemy nationals.
Union Banking, of course, was an
affiliate of Brown Brothers, Harriman, and Bush handled the
Harrimans' investments as well.
"Once the government had its hands on Bush's books, the whole
story of the intricate web of Nazi front corporations began to
unravel. A few days later two of Union Banking's subsidiaries - the Holland American Trading Corporation and the Seamless Steel
Equipment Corporation - also were seized. Then the government
went after the Harriman Fifteen Holding Company, which Bush
shared with his father-in-law, Bert Walker, the Hamburg-Amerika
Line, and the Silesian-American Corporation.
The U.S. government found that huge
sections of Prescott Bush's empire had been operated on behalf
of Nazi Germany and had greatly assisted the German war effort."
(1)
EDWIN PAULEY
"Try as he did," continue the
authors, "George Bush could not get away from Dulles's crooked
corporate network, which his grandfather and father had joined
in the 1920s. Wherever he turned, George found that the
influence of the Dulles brothers was already there. Even when he
fled to Texas to become a successful businessman on his own, he
ran into the pirates of Wall Street.
"One of Allen Dulles's secret spies inside the Democratic party
later became George Bush's partner in the Mexican oil business.
Edwin Pauley, a California oil man, was... one of Dulles's
covert agents in the Roosevelt and Truman administrations... a
'big business' Democrat..."
Among the key posts held by Pauley were:
treasurer of the Democratic National Committee, director of the
Democratic convention in 1944 and, after Truman's election, Truman
appointed him the "Petroleum Coordinator of Lend-Lease Supplies for
the Soviet Union and Britain."
Just after the end of World War II,
"in April 1945 Truman appointed
Pauley as the U.S. representative to the Allied Reparations
Committee, with the rank of ambassador," as well as "industrial
and commercial advisor to the Potsdam Conference, 'where his
chief task was to renegotiate the reparations agreements
formulated at Yalta.'
As one historian noted, the 'oil
industry has always watched reparations activities carefully.'
There was a lot of money involved, and much of it belonged to
the Dulles brothers' clients."
At the same time, report Loftus and
Aarons,
"the Dulles brothers were still
shifting Nazi assets out of Europe for their clients as well as
for their own profit. They didn't want the Soviets to get their
hands on these assets or even know that they existed. Pauley
played a significant role in solving this problem for the Dulles
brothers.
The major part of Nazi Germany's
industrial assets was located in the zones occupied by the
West's forces. As Washington's man on the ground, Pauley managed
to deceive the Soviets for long enough to allow Allen Dulles to
spirit much of the remaining Nazi assets out to safety...
"Pauley, a key player in the plan to hide the Dulles brothers'
Nazi assets, then moved into another post where he could help
them further. After successfully keeping German assets in
Fascist hands, Pauley was given the job of 'surveying Japan's
assets and determining the amount of its war debt.'
Again, it was another job that was
crucial to the Dulles clique's secret financial and intelligence
operations." (2)
After Pauley retired from government
work he went back to being an independent oil man.
Loftus and Aarons state that:
"In 1958 he founded Pauley Petroleum
which:... teamed up with Howard Hughes to expand oil production
in the Gulf of Mexico.
"Pauley Petroleum discovered a highly productive offshore
petroleum reserve and in 1959 became involved in a dispute with
the Mexican Government, which considered the royalties from the
wells to be too low.
"According to our sources in the intelligence community, the oil
dispute was really a shakedown of the CIA by Mexican
politicians. Hughes and Pauley were working for the CIA from
time to time, while advancing their own financial interests in
the lucrative Mexican oil fields. Pauley, say several of our
sources, was the man who invented an intelligence
money-laundering system in Mexico, which was later refined in
the 1970s as part of Nixon's Watergate scandal.
At one point CIA agents used Pemex,
the Mexican government's oil monopoly, as a business cover at
the same time Pemex was being used as a money laundry for
Pauley's campaign contributions. As we shall see, the
Mexican-CIA connection played an important part in the
development of George Bush's political and intelligence
career...
"Pauley, say the 'old spies,' was the man who brought all the
threads of the Mexican connection together. He was Bush's
business associate, a front man for Dulles's CIA [Allen Dulles
was CIA director then], and originator of the use of Mexican oil
fronts to create a slush fund for Richard Nixon's various
campaigns...
"Although it is not widely known, Pauley, in fact, had been a
committed, if 'secret,' Nixon supporter since 1960. It should be
recalled that Nixon tried to conceal his Mexican slush fund
during the Watergate affair by pressuring the CIA into a
'national security' cover-up. The CIA, to its credit, declined
to participate.
Unfortunately, others were so
enmeshed in Pauley's work for Nixon that they could never
extricate themselves. According to a number of our intelligence
sources, the deals Bush cut with Pauley in Mexico catapulted him
into political life. In 1960 Bush became a protégé of Richard
Nixon, who was then running for president of the United
States...
"The most intriguing of Bush's early connections was to Richard
Nixon, who as vice president had supervised Allen Dulles's
covert planning for the Bay of Pigs [invasion]. For years it has
been rumored that Dulles's client, George Bush's father, was one
of the Republican leaders who recruited Nixon to run for
Congress and later convinced Eisenhower to take him on as vice
president.
There is no doubt that the two
families were close. George Bush described Nixon as his
'mentor.' Nixon was a Bush supporter in his very first tilt at
politics, during his unsuccessful run for the Senate in 1964,
and turned out again when he entered the House two years later.
"After Nixon's landslide victory in 1972, he ordered a general
house cleaning on the basis of loyalty. 'Eliminate everyone,' he
told John Ehrlichman about reappointments, 'except George Bush.
Bush will do anything for our cause.'... According to Bush's
account, the president told him that 'the place I really need
you is over at the National Committee running things.'
So, in 1972, Nixon appointed George
Bush as head of the Republican National Committee.
"It was Bush who fulfilled Nixon's promise to make the 'ethnic'
emigres a permanent part of Republican politics. In 1972 Nixon's
State Department spokesman confirmed to his Australian
counterpart that the ethnic groups were very useful to get out
the vote in several key states.
Bush's tenure as head of the
Republican National Committee exactly coincided with Laszlo
Pasztor's 1972 drive to transform the Heritage Groups Council
into the party's official ethnic arm. The groups Pasztor chose
as Bush's campaign allies were the emigre Fascists whom Dulles
had brought to the United States...
"... Nearly twenty years later, and after expose's in several
respectable newspapers, Bush continued to recruit most of the
same ethnic Fascists, including Pasztor, for his own 1988 ethnic
outreach program when he first ran for president.
"According to our sources in the intelligence community," state
the authors, "it was Bush who told Nixon that the Watergate
investigations might start uncovering the Fascist skeletons in
the Republican party's closet. Bush himself acknowledges that he
wrote Nixon a letter asking him to step down. The day after Bush
did so, Nixon resigned.
"Bush had hoped to become Gerald Ford's vice president upon
Nixon's resignation, but he was appointed U.S. ambassador to the
UN. Nelson Rockefeller became vice president and chief damage
controller. He formed a special commission in an attempt to
preempt the Senate's investigation of the intelligence
community.
The Rockefeller Commission into CIA
abuses was filled with old OPC [Dulles's Office of Policy
Coordination] hands like Ronald Reagan, who had been the front
man back in the 1950s for the money-laundering organization, the
Crusade for Freedom, which was part of Dulles's Fascist 'freedom
fighters' program." (3)
In 1988, Project Censored, a news media
censorship research organization, awarded the honor of "Top Censored
story" to the subject of George Bush.
The article revealed,
"how the major mass media ignored,
overlooked or undercovered at least ten critical stories
reported in America's alternative press that raised serious
questions about the Republican candidate, George Bush, dating
from his reported role as a CIA 'asset' in 1963 to his
Presidential campaign's connection with a network of
anti-Semites with Nazi and fascist affiliations in 1988."
(4)
NOTES: GEORGE HERBERT WALKER BUSH
-
The Secret War Against the Jews,
pp. 357-361
-
Ibid., pp. 362-364
-
Ibid., pp. 365-371
-
The 1993 Project Censored
Yearbook: The News That Didn't Make The News - And Why,
Project Censored; Dr. Carl Jensen, Director., pp. 230.
CONCLUSION
If, before you finished reading this publication, you ever wondered
why the U.S. federal government refuses to consider the medicinal
and industrial value of cannabis hemp, despite widespread and
growing support from the public, medical experts, industry leaders,
and a growing number of state legislators across this nation... you
now have the answer.
For the past several generations, Americans have been systematically
deceived about the true nature of cannabis hemp.
Many Americans have died - victims of
political murders. Millions have been imprisoned, their children and
their property taken away, their futures destroyed. The history of
my own state - Kentucky - and others as well, have been "sanitized,"
rewritten, our heritage deleted, our citizens defrauded and
impoverished to bury the truth.
And if, before you finished reading this publication, you ever
wondered why the U.S. federal government would train and finance
Central American death squads; or why, while waging the so-called "war
on drugs," the U.S. federal government would operate
cocaine and heroin smuggling operations around the world, bringing
in tons of drugs to places like Mena, Arkansas.
Or why the U.S. federal government would
"spread democracy" throughout the world by assassinating
democratically elected politicians - both at home and abroad -
replacing them with right-wing dictators and training their secret
police in the latest techniques of torture, terrorism, and mind
control.
Or why the U.S. federal government would
conduct deadly medical and radiation experiments on unsuspecting
citizens - including pregnant women, the mentally impaired, and
children... you now have the answer.
The last question is,
"what are we going to do about it?"
BIBLIOGRAPHY (By section)
INTRODUCTION
The Irony of Democracy: An Uncommon Introduction to American
Politics - Second Edition, By Thomas R. Dye and L. Harmon
Zeigler - Duxbury Press, CA. 1972
The Arms Bazaar: From Lebanon to Lockheed - By Anthony Sampson -
The Viking Press, NY. 1977
U. S. CORPORATIONS AND THE NAZIS
Facts and Fascism - By George Seldes (Assisted by Helen Seldes)
- Sixth Edition - In Fact, Inc., NY. 1943
Trading with the Enemy: An Expose of the Nazi-American Money
Plot 1933-1949 - By Charles Higham - Delecorte Press, NY. 1983
Even the Gods Can't Change History: The Facts Speak for
Themselves - By George Seldes - Lyle Stuart, Inc., NJ. 1976
Power, Inc.: Public and Private Rulers and How to Make Them
Accountable - By Morton Mintz & Jerry S. Cohen - Viking Press,
NY. 1976
The Plot to Seize the White House - By Jules Archer - Hawthorn
Books, 1973
It's A Conspiracy!: The Shocking Truth About America's Favorite
Conspiracy Theories - By Michael Litchfield/The National
Insecurity Council - EarthWorks Press, CA. 1992
The Secret War Against The Jews: How Western Espionage Betrayed
The Jewish People - By John Loftus and Mark Aarons - St.
Martin's Press, NY. 1994
HEMP & the Marijuana Conspiracy: The Emperor Wears No Clothes -
By Jack Herer (Editors: C. Conrad, L. & J. Osburn, E. Komp , and
J. Stout)
H.E.M.P. (Help Eliminate Marijuana Prohibition), CA. 1995
One Thousand Americans - By George Seldes - BONI & GAER, NY.
1947
Ain't Nobody's Business If You Do: The Absurdity of Consentual
Crimes in a Free Society - By Peter McWilliams - Prelude Press,
CA. 1993
A History of the Hemp Industry in Kentucky - By Professor James
F. Hopkins - University of Kentucky Press, Lexington, KY. 1951
Spooks: The Haunting of America - The Private Use of Secret
Agents - By Jim Hougan - First Bantam Edition - William Morrow
and Co., NY. 1979
The Sovereign State of ITT - By Anthony Sampson - Stein and Day,
NY. 1973
Democracy for the Few - By Michael Parenti - Fourth Edition -
St. Martin's Press, NY. 1983
THE NEW WORLD (DIS)ORDER
Tragedy and Hope: A
History of the World in Our Time - By Carroll Quigley, Second
Printing - Wm. Morrison, NY. 1974
The American Establishment - By Leonard Silk & Mark Silk, First
Discus Printing - Avon Books (by arrangement with Basic Books),
NY. 1981
The New Germany and the Old Nazis - By T.H. Tetens - Random
House, NY. 1961
Blowback: America's Recruitment of Nazi's and Its Effect on the
Cold War - By Christopher Simpson - Weidenfeld & Nicolson, NY.
1988
Unholy Trinity: The Vatican, the Nazis, and Soviet Intelligence
- By Mark Aarons & John Loftus, First U.S. Edition - St.
Martin's Press, NY. 1992
Conspiracies, Cover-Ups and Crimes: From JFK to the CIA
Terrorist Connection - By Jonathan Vankin - Bantam Doubleday
Dell Publishing Group, Inc., NY. 1992
RICHARD MILHOUSE NIXON
High Treason: The
Assassination of President John F. Kennedy and the New Evidence
of Conspiracy - By Robert J. Groden and Harrison Edward
Livingstone, Berkley Edition - Berkley Books, NY. 1990
GEORGE HERBERT WALKER BUSH
Censored: The News That
Didn't Make the News - And Why - By Carl Jensen - Shelburne
Press, Inc., NY. 1993
Dedicated to the principals of an open
discussion of the issues.
Copy and distribute freely. Please credit direct quotations where
appropriate.
R. William Davis - Founder and Director, The Elkhorn Project
"Restoring Kentucky's Proud Heritage and Bright Future"
All email responses should be directed to: randy@ka.net
Hemp for Victory!
Thank you
|