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Chapter 11
Time
The Cult of the Head
Coming back to our Grail ensemble: We understand that the lance and
the cup are two ark/grail symbols that “go together” in terms of
being part of the ensemble of the Grail stories. As far back as we
can track them, we find them as symbols of gender, penetration and
planting the seed, and gestation followed by birth. Found in
juxtaposition, the spear upright in the vase, their signification is
admitted by all familiar with “life symbolism”.
They form part of a
function that deals with the processes of life and vitality and, as
we have said, we do not think that it is Tantra, but rather symbolic
of a more basic reproductive concept, i.e. DNA. We also note the odd
fact that the letters can be rearranged to form the name “DAN”.
Green language and Time Loops?
Nevertheless, we wish to note that Perseus, who was the founder of
the Perseid Dynasty, was said to have also founded and built the
Citadel of Mycenae. For a very long time, the name of Mycenae
puzzled me because it is translated to mean “Place of the Mushroom”.
This, of course, has led to many expositions on the value of “magic
mushrooms” in initiatory rites, and we do, indeed, realize that the
use of drugs in many of the ancient rites can be documented.
But,
when looking at the image of Melchizedek on Chartres cathedral,
holding that funny cup with the cylindrical object inside, I
couldn’t help but think of an upside down mushroom. And suddenly, it
became clear what the connection might be: a mushroom is a natural
symbol for sexual union with the female dominant. In other words, it
may express the fecundity of Nature as the Goddess and giver of all
gifts.
And in more specific terms, it may express the function of
the mitochondrial DNA over of the paternal ancestry. In short, it
may well be a symbol of DNA, not sex, and not drugs. In another
sense, understanding the complex of “centers” as explicated by Mouravieff, another layer of explanation is the union of the lower
centers of man with the higher centers, and thus gaining access to
hyperdimensional states of being.
In other words, this little symbol
expresses to us the Great Work of Alchemy which is often expressed
in “sexual” terms which many “puffers” interpret as “Tantric”.
In the legends of the Grail, we discover by careful reading that
there is a specific task that the hero must accomplish that is,
somehow, not of a nature that would accrue benefits to himself, but
it is rather a battle against evil forces to “free a ruler” and his
land from disastrous consequences. The close relationship between
the illness of the king and the
condition of the wasteland is not a literary invention of the Middle
Ages. It is, in fact, a deeply rooted element from immemorial
antiquity. As we have seen, connected to the legends of the grail
are a complex of “ceremonial practices” which hold to a certain form
no matter what variation of the story one encounters.
But we also
see that something happened to bring to an end the dances of Apollo
and the lifestyle of the megalith people. Tied in to all of this is
the ancient alchemical lore about the “philosopher’s stone”, the
Holy Grail, the head of Bran the Blessed, the head called “Baphomet”
of the disappearing Templars, and Noah’s Ark. All are connected to
the idea of certain powers that have to do with the stopping or
manipulating of time, a source of endless abundance (multiplying
loaves and fishes), passage to a new life with a load of animals,
eternal life or the “elixir of life”, and so forth.
And, most
importantly, we perceive the idea of “cycles” and astronomical
placements being necessary to the “work”. And it is not entirely out
of the question that if such was the case, the megaliths could have
just simply “translated” the Stone Movers into another Quantum
Future at some point when astronomical alignments were right: the
“Big Payoff of going home”, so to speak.
In general terms, it seems likely that they understood the
utilization of cosmic energy - designated in the Bible as the “hosts
of heaven” - and that these stone “machines” were designed to
collect and focus this energy. Their careful record keeping in such
funny ways (the 19 year moon cycle, for example; and the 19th day as
a special day of rest for the Assyrians) had to do with the moments
in space/time when certain activities were most easily accomplished.
Maybe they weren’t a bunch of silly, superstitious savages hauling
stones around and sweating like crazy just to dance around in the
moonlight and discover when to plant the corn?
And this brings us to another kind of “stone”: The Cult of the Head.
Everywhere we look when we investigate these matters, we come across
those ubiquitous talking heads, or heads of plenty, or heads that
prophesy, or heads that turn people into stone. The most
contemporary traces of the Cult of the Head are from the records of
the trials of the Templars where they were accused of worshipping a
head called “Baphomet”. We also find the interesting references to
something called a “Merkaba”, or “celestial chariot”.
In ancient literature, something called a Merkaba is talked about,
but the
definition of this extremely mysterious thing has been lost down
through the
centuries. There have been many “explanations” from such sources as
the Midrash - Jewish commentaries - but there is even argument there. It seems
that, even then, nobody knew what it was. But now, we have all these
New Age folks coming along who have decided that they know what it
is, and it is described as “rotating double tetrahedrons”!
Well, it’s a curious word because it is composed of two words: mer
kaba. Kaaba is Arabic for cube, and it is the square stone building
in which the fabled Black Stone that fell from heaven is housed in
Mecca. It was supposed to have been built by Ishmael and Abraham. So
we have mer, which means sea and mother, combined with kaaba, which
is stone, or cube, and we come to Soul stone? Mother stone? Magnetic
center, indeed!
Baphomet has been variously identified as a “bisexual idol or
talking head”. Several derivations of the name Baphomet have been
suggested. Some say it was Arabic abu-fihamet, or “Father of
Wisdom”. Some have said it is a corruption of the word Mohammed.
There are several other ideas bruited about this Baphomet including
that it was Pope Sylvester’s Armillary Sphere. Some say it is Baphe
Meteos, or the baptism of Metis. Metis was a Gnostic Goddess of
Wisdom. However, in thinking about it in terms of cabala, we come to
a different idea.
Fulcanelli said it was a, “complete emblem of the secret traditions
of the Order”. He then says that this is “fire enclosed in water”.
That already refers us back to Merkaba, a “fiery stone in the sea”.
Baphomet includes the syllable “pho”, which is derived from roots
that mean “breath” or breathing, and from the movement of air, comes
sound. In fact, a phoneme is a unit of distinctive sound in the
description of any given language. In the end, we have a different
idea of the “talking head” of Baphomet, and it doesn’t look like it
is Pope Sylvester’s Armillary Sphere at all.
There is also the interesting connection of blood relationship of
the Maruts. They were all of the “same parentage”, and this suggests
that a certain genetic inheritance was necessary in order to be able
to produce the necessary energies for this very important work on
behalf of the tribe or civilization. But we would like to suggest
that it is not necessarily a “family line” in terms of genetics
(though we cannot exclude that), but rather that the reference
points out to us that the Great Work is work on the DNA!
In this
sense, the “Child of the King” was anyone who achieved the
Alchemical Transformation!
So, we have a curious series of factors to contend with that all
seem to point in the direction of DNA being far more interesting and
mysterious than we might have supposed.
On the one hand we have such
naturally transmitted “powers”, and on the other hand we have folks
who can engage in some activity that either temporarily or
permanently changes something in their physiology - and the apparent
result is psi phenomena and/or “supernatural abilities” that may not
be supernatural at all - they may be the accessing of
hyperdimensional states of being via some change in the neurons of
the brain as a result of turning on latent genes. After all, we note
the similarity of the words “shaman” and “sarmoung” or “sarman”, and
the latter has been traditionally translated as “those whose heads
have been purified”.
A much later corruption of the idea of
“purification of the head” may have come down as trephination. Once
the real technology was lost, they attempted to do it by brute
force.
Back to Atlantis
According to Plato’s story,
Atlantis was the center of a country of
extreme economic wealth and military power that sought to enslave
all of Europe. The Atlanteans were quite successful in defeating
many European countries; however, the great civilization of Athens
repelled their attacks and eventually succeeded in driving them back
out of Europe. Unfortunately, almost all records of this great
achievement were lost due to a very powerful flood that wiped out
most of Athens and the whole continent of Atlantis in one day and
one night.
Let’s look at an even more interesting item from
Frank
Joseph’s book: The Lost Pyramids of Rock Lake.
While reading, keep in mind our dating problem that was identified
since Joseph wrote his book, so we very likely will have to push the
early dates way back.
Someone took an awful lot of raw copper from
North America a very long time ago. Who was responsible for this and
what they did with it represent an enigma of vast proportions that
investigators have been puzzling over for more than a century,
although most Americans are unaware of the story.
Beginning around 3,000 BC, in excess of 500,000 tons of copper were
mined in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula, with most activity taking place
at Isle Royale, an island in Lake Superior on the Canadian border.
The mines abruptly and inexplicably shut down in 1200 BC, reopening
no less mysteriously 2,300 years later . Until 1320 AD, some
additional 2,000 tons were removed, destination unknown. As before,
operations were suddenly suspended for no apparent cause. Tools -
mauls, picks, hammers, shovels and levers - were left by their
owners in place.
Octave Du’Temple, a foremost authority on early
Michigan, asks,
“Why did these miners leave their operations and
implements as though planning on taking up their labors the next
day, and yet mysteriously never returned.”
William P.F. Ferguson writes,
“The work is of a colossal nature,”
and “amounted to
the turning over of the whole formation to their depth and moving
many cubic acres - it would NOT be extravagant to say cubic MILES - of rock.”
The prehistoric mines were NOT crude holes in the ground, but
incredibly efficacious operations to extract staggering masses of
raw material as quickly as possible. An average of 1,000 to 1,200
tons of ore were excavated per pit, yielding about 100,000 pounds of
copper each. […]
The ancient enterprise was a mind-boggling affair, including about
5,000 mines mostly along the Keweenaw Peninsula and the eastern end
of Lake Superior above the St. Mary’s river. On the northern shore,
the diggings extended 150 miles, varying in width from four to seven
miles... The pits ran in practically a contiguous line for 30 miles
through the Rockland regions...
Estimates of 10,000 men working the mines for 1,000 years seem
credible, as does the conclusion that they were not slaves, because
the miners carried away their dead. No ancient graves nor evidence
of cremations have been found in the Upper Peninsula. Indeed,
virtually all they left behind were their tools, literally millions
of them. As far back as the 1840s, 10 wagonloads of stone hammers
were taken from a single location near Rockland. The mauls appeared
to be mass produced in various sizes and types to serve different
tasks.
W.H. Holmes succinctly writes,
“It is unlikely, however, that any
considerable amount of the shaping work was conducted on the island.
It seems to me more likely that the pieces of metal obtained were
carried away to distant centers of population to be worked by
skilled artisans and we may justly assume that a considerable trade
existed in the raw material.”
Those “distant centers of population”
were Rock Lake and Aztalan, which were connected to the Great Lakes
mining areas by a belt of similar mounds. One upper Peninsula
temple-mound was 10 feet tall, 15 feet long at the sides and
virtually identical to Aztalan’s Pyramid of the Moon. As we shall
see, the ancient copper miners and the inhabitants of Rock
Lake-Aztalan were one and the same people.
America’s ancient copper mines represent the key to unlocking Rock
Lake’s deepest secrets. The grandiose mining enterprise began
suddenly around 3,000 BC and terminated just as
abruptly 1,800 years later.
[...] When prehistoric America’s copper
mining ceased all at once in 1200 BC, the Michigan pits were
abandoned for the next 21 centuries. They were suddenly opened in
900 AD, an event that can only mean that, despite the virtual
abandonment of the Rock Lake area for thousands of years...
[somebody KNEW about it - and came back].
[...] Alliance with
another mound building people at Spiro, Oklahoma, near the Arkansas
River, provided portage to Mesoamerica Trade Centers.
[...] Roy Ward
Drier writes, “That the copper from which tools, scattered over such
a vast area of country, were manufactured, came from the ancient
mines of Lake Superior, does not admit of doubt. Although large and
numerous deposits of copper ore are scattered through Arizona, New
Mexico, Mexico and Central and South America, there is no evidence
that the aborigines had sufficient metallurgical knowledge or skill
to reduce the ores to refined copper. The shores of Lake Superior
have the only known workable deposits of native copper in the world.
The term virgin copper is well used to denote its purity. In this
latter day, it outranks all others in the markets of the world.”
[...]
Archaeological excavations in the 1930s at Aztalan discovered the
remains of a large rectangular building containing an abundance of
unworked copper, establishing the site’s identity as a mining town.
[...]
Frank Joseph found some very strange pyramidal type structures in
Rock Lake, Wisconsin. They were different from other pyramidal
structures - being conical - and he was astounded some years later
to see identical, unusual, pyramidal structures in the Canary
Islands.
The original inhabitants of the Canary Islanders referred to
themselves as “Canari” long before the Romans arrived. The name
appears to have had a similar meaning in both Latin and the native
speech, which was a mixed Indo-European language with at least
several Latin cognates.
Previous to the 1st century AD, the Atlantic group was known
throughout the Mediterranean World as the Blessed Isles, the
Fortunate Isles, the Hesperides, or the Isles of the Blessed.
Forgotten for all of classical civilization, they were isolated from
outside contact for almost 1,000 years until their rediscovery by
Portuguese sailors in the 14th century.
The Canari more commonly
referred to themselves as
Guanches (men) a once civilized race that
had slowly degenerated over millennia of interbreeding, while their
level of society slid back, quite literally, into the caves...
Before their virtual elimination, some studies were made of the
Guanches, a white people, fair complected and with red, auburn, and
occasionally blond hair.
Despite their genetically debased
condition, they preserved traditions from long gone ages of
civilized greatness and still gathered at the ruined stone monuments
of their ancestors for special events. Some of these cyclopean
walls, called tagora, survive as crumbling rectangular enclosures,
circles, and even pyramids. At Santa Cruz, capital of Tenerife,
largest of the islands, I was surprised to learn that regular,
ancient contacts between the Canaries and North America were
generally acknowledged by the academic community.
Talk of possible
pre-Columbian visitors from Europe is taboo throughout professional
circles in the United States, but Tenerife’s leading historical
scholar, Professor Lopez Herrera, writes:
“One fact about which we
may be certain is that there existed a relation in ancient times
between the people of Canarian origin and the inhabitants of
America.” [...]
From Tenerife I took a ferry to Lanzarote, which is 125 miles closer
to North Africa than any of the rest of the seven islands. After
docking at the capital port of Arrecefe and checking into my hotel,
I walked through the ocean-front park, intent only on some casual
sightseeing, when I was thunderstruck to confront the very object
that had been sought in the depths of Rock Lake for more than 50
years: a 20 foot conical pyramid. It exactly matched the sunken
structure seen in the lake in 1937. [...]
In all my travels throughout Europe and studies of classical and
preclassical societies, I had never found so much as a reference to
a conical stone pyramid such as this one, and, as far as I knew,
nothing of the kind existed anywhere else except under the waters of
Rock Lake, Wisconsin.350
350 Joseph, Frank, The Lost Pyramids of Rock Lake (Lakeville, MN: Galde Press, Inc. 1992).
Are Rock Lake and the copper mines remnants
of the civilization known by Plato as Atlantis?
Adding 10,000 years
to Joseph’s dates, as suggested by Firestone and Topping, would put
these sites into the timeframe indicated by Plato.
The evidence that Firestone and Topping discovered is puzzling for a
lot of reasons. But, the fact is, there are reports of similar
evidence of possible Nuclear War from such widely spread regions as
India, Ireland, Scotland, France, and Turkey; ancient cities whose
brick and stone walls have literally been vitrified - fused together
like glass. There is also evidence of vitrification of stone forts
and cities. It seems that the only reasonable explanation for such
anomalies - taken in conjunction with the rest of the evidence - is
an atomic blast.
This fits with Plato’s story of a war between the Atlanteans and “Athens”.
If the Americas were “Atlantis”, and if there was a war going on
prior to the cataclysm, it seems that - fitting the descriptions
together - North America was the hardest hit. There is not only the
evidence of the nuclear activity, but the massive bombardments of
exploding cometary bodies which blasted away nearly all traces of
civilization.
We recall that the animal carcasses found in the ice
seem to have been swept northward, and this may have been the result
of a sudden seven degree shift of the terrestrial axis - from 16.5
degrees to the current 23.5 - initiating tectonic shifts that not
only raised the mountains of South America, but changed the face of
North America, raising parts of it from under water, submerging
other parts under water, and destroying nearly every living thing.
The evidence of the
Bimini megalithic structures under water, as
well as the recently discovered underwater city near Cuba, testify
to this inundation.
Prior to the cataclysm, according to the
information from the Gateway of the Sun at
Tiahuanaco, the earth
revolved about the sun in a period of 290 days.
The question is, of course, who was who? Who was on first?
We have looked at the Americas as the possible ancient empire of
Atlantis. It is now time to reiterate certain observations. We have
noted earlier that the practice of human sacrifice seems to have
originated and spread in the Southern Hemisphere. We have also noted
that human sacrifice was most closely associated with Solar deities.
The further north you go, the less importance the Sun had, the more
importance the Moon was given, and the incidence of human sacrifice
diminished.
At certain points, where the two “types” mingled, it was
not uncommon to find Moon worship associated with human sacrifice,
or Sun worship divorced from Human Sacrifice. But what is evident
from tracking the myths and folktales and artifacts, is that Human
Sacrifice was primarily a Southern Hemisphere production. It would
be almost impossible to track the ancient peoples with firm
accuracy, but the point is that there is evidence that the religion
of the Jews came from South America via India to the Middle East,
bringing its bloodthirsty, flesh flaying, genital mutilating God
along.
At the same time, we find megalithic structures on Malta that
predate the deluge, and the conical pyramids of Rock Lake,
Wisconsin, connected to similar structures on the Canary Islands. We
have tracked our long-legged Cro-magnon types across Europe to
Central Asia and back again. And we most certainly suspect that they
were inhabitants of North America as well. We have found the
shamanic Goddess worshipping peoples of Central Asia, shepherds and
horsemen and husbandmen of the land.
What happened to the peoples of North and South America? Where was
“Athens”? How did the “Athenians” defeat the evil empire of
Atlantis?
When we contemplate these questions, what comes to mind is
that amazing, ancient tale of the Ark, represented in a hundred
tales down through the millennia as any number of things from five
smooth stones picked up from a stream flung by a young lad at a
giant, after which he cut off his head, to the head of a Gorgon held
up as a weapon to turn the wicked into stone.
We find a reflection
of the idea of being “turned to stone” in the story of Lot’s escape
from the wicked cities of Sodom and Gomorrah where, when his wife
hesitated and looked back, she was turned to a pillar of salt. In
the legend of Perseus, just looking at Medusa would turn one to
stone.
As we review the myths and legends, we find that strange story of
the Sumerians
about the theft of the “tablet of destinies”, which connects us to
the golden tablets
of the Aesir of Snorri Sturlson, and the
Emerald tablets of Hermes,
from which we
move on to the tablets of the law in the Ark. Then we come in a
circle to the idea
of the “law bearer” or Ark, as the Thesmophoria of the Eleusinian
mysteries
celebrated only by women - and the woman was represented as a
doorway, a delta - a cross even - from which the hanged man, Odin, hung for nine days
to receive the secrets of the Goddess, the runes, and for which he
sacrificed his eye to drink from the spring of wisdom. What a
tangled web.
Speaking of webs, when we consider the possibility that all of our
dating
methods might be useless if the earth has been repeatedly subjected
to cataclysmic - including nuclear - events, we are then free to consider Tiahuanaco
as possibly being a surviving Atlantean city. We have only Plato’s
discussions upon which to speculate about the Atlanteans, and we
will come to that soon enough. For the moment, we certainly wish we
could query the silent stones about the past.
The
only thing we know about Tiahuanaco in a more direct way, is from the myths and legends of
the Inca.
Chavín is claimed to be the Mother Civilization of the Andes.
The
term Chavín has been applied to a developmental stage of Andean
history, to an archaeological period, to an art style and to a
hypothetical empire. Chavín has been interpreted as a culture, a
civilization and a religion. The Chavín culture was one of
agriculture and fishing and seafaring. It’s earliest manifestation
is in the Ica area, and we have already noted the Ica stone
artifacts which suggest far greater antiquity for this culture than
mainstream science even considers.
The Moche culture developed in the same area which had previously
belonged to the Chavín culture, so we may assume that it was formed
of survivors. Expert opinions suggest that one can easily see the
influence of the oldest civilization of Peru, the Chavín, on the
Moche. Chavín was a well-developed class society, which was divided
into nobility, farmers and slaves. The Moche people were developed
in agriculture, fishing, handicraft, trade, sea-faring and
metallurgy. The anthropomorphic pottery of the Mochicans is thought
to express the mythological and social themes which were the peak of
this art genre in the whole civilisation of Peru.
This raises an interesting issue because the human-shaped pottery
shows that the typology of the Mochicans includes Mongoloid as well
as Negroid features. The earliest “God” image, the one carved on the
Gate of the Sun, is a Godlike creature holding staves or sticks in
both of its hands. It is thought that the deity with staves was a celestial supreme being, a God of the heavens, who
in the course of time was attributed the characteristic features of
a thunder-God.
The worship of the deity with staves spread from Chavín all over Peru, more particularly so in the Tiahuanaco culture
on the Altiplano Plateau in South-Peru, where he was called
Viracocha.351
351 Berezkin, Juri 1983. Mochica. Tsivilizatsia indeitsev Severnogo
poberzhia Peru v I-VII vv.
Leningrad.
Several versions of Andean Genesis at Tiahuanaco were
recorded by Juan de Betanzos in 1551, and Cristobal de Molina in
1553. In the early version preserved by Betanzos, the world creator
is named Contiti Viracocha, and he emerges from Lake Titicaca to
create, “the sun and the day, and the moon and the stars”. Viracocha
orders “the sun to move in its path” and so the time of mankind
begins. After calling the people out from caves, rivers, and springs
scattered through the mythical landscape of creation time, Contiti
Viracocha furiously turns some of them into stone for sacrilegious
behavior. Then, he starts creation all over again!
Only this time,
he creates the people from stone instead of turning them into stone.
-
Of course we wonder about the “staves” in the hands of Viracocha?
-
Were these the “tools” he used to “turn people into stone” or call
flesh forth from stone?
-
Are they the origins of the pillars Jachin
and Boaz?
-
How do these staves relate to the staves Jacob drove into
the ground in the story about the magical increase of his flocks?
These questions bring us to consider the Semites and Sargon.
Sargon the Great
According to “experts”, Sargon of Akkad reigned approximately
2,334-2,279 BC, and was one of the earliest of the world’s great
empire builders, conquering all of southern Mesopotamia as well as
parts of Syria, Anatolia, and Elam (western Iran). He established
the region’s first Semitic dynasty and was considered the founder of
the Mesopotamian military tradition.
Sargon is known almost entirely from the legends and tales that
followed his reputation through 2000 years of cuneiform Mesopotamian
history, and not from any documents that were written during his
lifetime. The lack of contemporary record is explained by the fact
that the capital city of Agade, (note the homophonic similarity to
Arcadia) which he built, has never been located and excavated. It
was destroyed at the end of the dynasty that Sargon founded and was
never again inhabited, at least under the name of Agade.
According to a folktale, Sargon was a self-made man of humble
origins; a gardener (think “gardens of the Hesperides”), having
found him as a baby floating in a basket on the river, brought him
up in his own calling. His father is unknown; his mother is said to
have been a priestess in a town on the middle Euphrates.
(Note all the similarities to the story of Moses as well as
Perseus.) Rising, therefore, without the help of influential
relations, he attained the post of cupbearer to the ruler of the
city of Kish, in the north of the ancient land of Sumer. (Notice the
clue of the cup here.)
The event that brought him to supremacy was the defeat of
Lugalzaggisi of Uruk (biblical Erech, in central Sumer).
Lugalzaggisi had already united the city-states of Sumer by
defeating each in turn and claimed to rule the lands not only of the
Sumerian city-states but also those as far west as the
Mediterranean. Sargon became king over all of southern Mesopotamia,
the first great ruler for whom the Semitic tongue known as Akkadian,
rather than Sumerian, was natural from birth.
Sargon wished to
secure favorable trade with Agade throughout the known world and
this, along with what was obviously a very energetic temperament,
led Sargon to conquer cities along the middle Euphrates to northern
Syria and the silver-mining mountains of southern Anatolia. He also
took Susa, capital city of the Elamites, in the Zagros Mountains of
western Iran, where the only truly contemporary record of his reign
has been uncovered.
As the result of Sargon’s military prowess and ability to organize,
as well as of the legacy of the Sumerian city-states that he had
inherited by conquest, and of previously existing trade of the old
Sumerian city-states with other countries, commercial connections
flourished with the Indus Valley, the coast of Oman, the islands and
shores of the Persian Gulf, the lapis lazuli mines of Badakhshan,
the cedars of Lebanon, the silver-rich Taurus Mountains, Cappadocia,
Crete, and perhaps even Greece.
During Sargon’s rule, his Akkadian language became adapted to the
script that previously had been used in the Sumerian language, and
there arose new spirit of writing evident in the clay tablets and
cylinder seals of this dynasty. There are beautifully arranged and
executed scenes of mythology and festive life. It could be suggested
that this new artistic feeling is attributable directly to the
Semitic influence of Sargon and his compatriots upon the rather dull
Sumerians. In contrast to the Sumerian civilization, in Sargon’s new
capital, military and economic values were not the only things that
were important.
The latter part of his reign was troubled with rebellions, which
later literature ascribes, predictably enough, to sacrilegious acts
that he - like Solomon - is supposed to have
committed; but this can be discounted as the standard cause assigned
to all disasters by Sumerians and Akkadians alike. The troubles, in
fact, were probably caused by the inability of one man, however
energetic, to control so vast an empire. There is no evidence to
suggest that he was particularly harsh, nor that the Sumerians
disliked him for being a Semite.
What’s more, the empire did not
collapse totally, for Sargon’s successors were able to control their
legacy, and later generations thought of him as being perhaps the
greatest name in their history. What is most interesting is that
Sargon attributed his success to the patronage of the Goddess Ishtar, in whose honor Agade was erected. Sargon’s story sounds a
lot like a combination of the Biblical stories of Moses, David and
Solomon and certainly, there is evidence of infusion of Semitic
traditions into the culture of the Sumerians.
We also wish to
consider the the fact that Sargon was the first “semite”. Nowadays
“Semitic peoples” are generally understood to be, more or less,
individuals of Middle Eastern origins: Jews and Arabs predominantly.
That is to say, to be an Arab or a Jew is to be “Semitic”. In recent
years the idea has taken hold that the Ashkenazi Jews are really
Turkish and not Jews at all. Recent genetic studies place the
Ashkenazi as closest in kinship to Roman Jews on one side, who are
just a small step away from Lebanese non-Jews, and Syrian non-Jews
on the other. The Syrian non-Jews are very close to the Kurdish Jews
and the Palestinian non-Jews - i.e. the “Palestinians”.
What actually seems to have happened is that when
the Khazar kingdom
“converted” to Judaism, they invited Jewish rabbis to come and teach
them how to be proper Jews. These rabbis, being “proper Jews”, took Khazar wives, mixing with the Khazar population in this way.
Additionally, after the fall of the Khazar kingdom, Yiddish-speaking
“Jewish” immigrants from the west (especially Germany, Bohemia, and
other areas of Central Europe) - which would include Roman Jewish
lines - began to flood into Eastern Europe, and it is believed that
these newer immigrants intermarried with the Khazars.
Thus, Eastern
European Jews have a mix of ancestors who came from Central Europe
and from the Khazar kingdom. The two groups (eastern and western
Jews) intermarried over the centuries.
In this sense, the Ashkenazi Jews are, indeed, descendants of the
Israelites through the male line.352
352 Jews are represented by
triangles: Ashkenazim = Ash, Roman Jews = Rom, North African Jews = Naf; Near Eastern Jews = Nea; Kurdish Jews = Kur, Yemenite Jews =
Yem; Ethiopian Jews = EtJ; non-Jewish Middle Easterners = Pal,
non-Jewish Syrians = Syr, non-Jewish Lebanes = Leb, Israeli Druze =
Dru, non-Jewish Saudi Arabians = Sar; Non-Jewish Europeans: Rus =
Russians, Bri = British, Ger = Germans, Aus = Austrians, Ita =
Italians, Spa = Spanish, Gre = Greeks, Tun = North Africans and
Tunisians; Egy = Egyptians, Eth = Ethiopians, Gam = Gambians, Bia =
Giaka, Bag = Bagandans, San = San, Zul = Zulu. Tur = non Jewish
Turks, Lem = Lemba from south Africa.
Analysis of the Y chromosome has already yielded interesting
results. Dr. Ariella Oppenheim of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem
said she had found considerable similarity between Jews and Israeli
and Palestinian Arabs, as if the Y chromosomes of both groups had
been drawn from a common population that began to expand 7,800 years
ago.353
About two-thirds of Israeli Arabs and Arabs in the
territories and a similar proportion of Israeli Jews are the
descendents of at least three common prehistoric ancestors who lived
in the Middle East in the Neolithic period, about 8,000 years ago.
This is the finding of a new study conducted by an international
team of scholars headed by Prof. Ariella Oppenheim, a senior
geneticist in the Hebrew University’s hematology department and at
Hadassah Hospital in Jerusalem. In the study, soon to be published
in the scientific journal ‘Human Genetics,’ the researchers probed
the history of Jewish and Arab men by analyzing the genetic changes
in the Y chromosome.[…]
The results of the study, says Prof. Oppenheim, ‘support the
historical documentation according to which the Arabs are
descendents of an ancient population of the country and that a large
proportion of them were Jews who converted to Islam after Islam
reached Eretz Israel in the seventh century CE.’ […] They […]
discovered that Jews and Arabs have common prehistoric ancestors who
lived here until just the last few thousand years..[…] In view of
the small geographical area of Israel and the Palestinian Authority,
the researchers were surprised to discover that some Palestinians on
the West Bank have a unique genetic trait that is reflected in a
relatively high frequency of certain genetic signs. This fact
indicates that they are the descendents of people who have lived
here for a few hundred years at least. […] Dr. Filon says that the
unique genetic trait is characteristic of a population that has
lived in the same place for many generations.”
354
353 Nicholas
Wade. “Scientists Rough Out Humanity’s 50,000-Year-Old Story.” The
New York Times (November 14, 2000)
354 Tamara Traubman. “A new study shows that the genetic makeup of
Jews and Arabs is almost identical, and that both groups share
common prehistoric ancestors.” Ha’aretz (2000). 355 Judy
Siegel-Itzkovich. “Dad was out and about, while Mom stayed home.”
Jerusalem Post (June 16, 2002).
Data on the Y
chromosome indicates that the males originated in the Middle East,
while the mothers’ mitochondrial DNA seems to indicate a local
Diaspora origin in the female community founders.355 We have
analyzed the maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA from each of
nine geographically separated Jewish groups, eight non-Jewish host
populations, and an Israeli Arab/Palestinian population, and we have
compared the differences found in Jews and non-Jews with those found
using Y-chromosome data that were obtained, in most cases, from the
same population samples.
The results suggest that most
Jewish communities were founded by relatively few women, that the
founding process was independent in different geographic areas, and
that subsequent genetic input from surrounding populations was
limited on the female side. In sharp contrast to this, the
paternally inherited Y chromosome shows diversity similar to that of
neighboring populations and shows no evidence of founder effects.
These sex-specific differences demonstrate an important role for
culture in shaping patterns of genetic variation and are likely to
have significant epidemiological implications for studies involving
these populations. We illustrate this by presenting data from a
panel of X-chromosome microsatellites, which indicates that, in the
case of the Georgian Jews, the female-specific founder event appears
to have resulted in elevated levels of linkage disequilibrium.356
356 Mark G. Thomas, Michael E. Weale, Abigail L. Jones,
Martin Richards, Alice Smith, Nicola Redhead, Antonio Torroni,
Rosaria Scozzari, Fiona Gratrix, Ayele Tarekegn, James F. Wilson,
Cristian Capelli, Neil Bradman, and David B. Goldstein. “Founding
Mothers of Jewish Communities:
Geographically Separated Jewish Groups Were Independently Founded by
Very Few Female Ancestors.” The American Journal of Human Genetics
70:6 (June 2002): 1411-1420.
The emerging genetic picture is based largely on two studies, […]
that together show that the men and women who founded the Jewish
communities had surprisingly different genetic histories.[…]
A new study now shows that the women in nine Jewish communities from
Georgia, the former Soviet republic, to Morocco have vastly
different genetic histories from the men. […] The women’s
identities, however, are a mystery, because, unlike the case with
the men, their genetic signatures are not related to one another or
to those of present-day Middle Eastern populations.[…]
The new study, by Dr. David Goldstein, Dr. Mark Thomas and Dr. Neil
Bradman of University College in London and other colleagues,
appears in The American Journal of Human Genetics this month.... His
[Goldstein’s] own speculation, he said, is that most Jewish
communities were formed by unions between Jewish men and local
women, though he notes that the women’s origins cannot be
genetically determined.[…]
Like the other Jewish communities in the study, the Ashkenazic
community of Northern and Central Europe, from which most American
Jews are descended, shows less diversity than expected in its
mitochondrial DNA, perhaps reflecting the maternal definition of
Jewishness. But unlike the other Jewish populations, it does not
show signs of having had very few female founders. It is possible,
Dr. Goldstein said, that the Ashkenazic community is a mosaic of
separate populations formed the same way as the others.[…]
‘The authors are correct in saying the historical origins of most
Jewish communities are unknown,’ Dr. [Shaye] Cohen [of Harvard
University] said. ‘Not only the little ones like in India, but even
the mainstream Ashkenazic culture from which most American Jews
descend.’[…] If the founding mothers of most Jewish communities were
local, that could explain why Jews in each country tend to resemble
their host community physically while the origins of their Jewish founding
fathers may explain the aspects the communities have in common, Dr.
Cohen said.[…]
The Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA’s in today’s
Jewish communities reflect the ancestry of their male and female
founders but say little about the rest of the genome... Noting that
the Y chromosome points to a Middle Eastern origin of Jewish
communities and the mitochondrial DNA to a possibly local origin,
Dr. Goldstein said that the composition of ordinary chromosomes,
which carry most of the genes, was impossible to assess.357
357 Nicholas Wade. “DNA, New Clues to Jewish Roots.”
The New York Times (May 14, 2002): F1 (col. 1)
These
studies suggests the idea that some of the early ancestors of the
ancient Levant and Mesopotamian civilizations originated in the
region of Armenia and moved southwards - that they were “Semitic”
the same way Sargon was. Further, the Tanach records extensive
evidence of intermarriage between Jews and ancient peoples who
originated in eastern Anatolia, such as the Hittites and Hurrians
(including the Jebusites of Jerusalem). The Edomites who were of
mixed Hebrew and Hurrian ancestry were also absorbed into the Jewish
people.
The Armenians and Kurds are the descendants of people who
remained in Eastern Anatolia, Armenia and Kurdistan, subsequently
intermarrying with the Turks and neighboring peoples. So, we see the
idea of the “Ten Lost Tribes”, or even the “Thirteenth Tribe” to be
myths exploded by the science of genetics. The problem is, of
course, that all existing studies fail to compare modern Jewish
populations’ DNA to ancient Judean DNA.
The question remains: If
Sargon was the “original Semitic ruler”, was he a Semite as we
understand Semites today?
The next question that occurs to us is:
Did Sargon, as a conqueror, impose a language and cultural
expression on a genetically different people, the Sumerians, who had
already imposed their own language and culture on the indigenous
population of the Fertile Crescent?
What we notice most particularly is that Sargon was said to have
come “from the North” and that he worshipped the Goddess Ishtar.
Also, when we think of the word “Semitic” in terms of the Green
language, we naturally wonder if it doesn’t imply something that was
“half” of one thing and “half” of another? The question then
becomes: Who were the Sumerians that absorbed and adopted the
Semitic language and cultural expressions, adapting them to their
own use?
The Sumerians were a non-Semitic people who, judging by
archaeological remains, were generally short and stocky, with high,
straight noses and downward sloping eyes. Many wore beards, but some
were clean-shaven. These people apparently migrated to the Fertile
Crescent - they suddenly appeared in the area - and immediately
established what was, for a long time, considered to be the first
real ‘Civilization’.
They built cities, step-pyramid-temples, large
residences and economic facilities. They referred to
themselves as the “black-headed people” as if to emphasize their
difference from the indigenous population who, one might assume,
were not black-headed.
The picture painted by the archaeological record of the Sumerian
City-State civilization before Sargon is one of constant strife
between these cities, especially the most prominent ones: Kish,
Erech, Ur, Adab, and later Lagash and Umma.
Constant warring
weakened the Sumerians until, “the kingship was carried away by
foreigners”, such as the king of Awan, Sargon of Akkad, the Gutians,
the Elamites, and eventually Hammurabi. Sargon of Akkad, the first
Semite, was then, a “foreigner” to the Sumerians who had (as we will
see) a rather “lengthy” history prior to the Semitic influence.
It is quite curious that despite their sense of nationalism and the
sharing of a common identity, the “black-headed people” were unable
to unite in order to resist the conquerors. What is even more ironic
is the fact that, even though they were unable to resist being
conquered and ruled - in fact - by foreigners, the Sumerian culture
was, to a great extent, assimilated by the conquerors by the
adoption of their customs, script, and literature, including many of
their religious myths. The cultural “soul” of a people can be found
in their stories, myths, and rituals.
The stories of Sumer, as
inscribed on its clay tablets, allow us to reconstruct, at least
partially, a process of dynamic development that took place over
many centuries. Some experts propose that Sumerian storytelling was
indebted to the wandering Semitic tribes, who, being allegedly
“illiterate”, had the narrative memory capacity of “illiterate
peoples”. It is suggested by such experts that these Semites often
entertained their more “civilized” Sumerian hosts by “telling tales
around the campfire” or in the market place. It is then suggested
that these stories were then written down by Sumerian scribes, who
attempted to categorize the material into orderly groups of
continuous narrative.
Obviously, the “wandering, illiterate Semites”
weren’t quite so backward since they conquered the Sumerians and
their influence actually gave the Sumerian civilization a cultural
boost. What is more likely is that the writing of the Sumerians was
developed for economic and military purposes, which was the purview
of the “God” and his priests. It was only after the incursions of
the Semites that a literary tradition began, and the development of
writing proceeded in such a way that it could be utilized for
literature.
The experts tell us that the Sumerians themselves had no real “sense
of history”, even though they had invented writing. This opinion is
arrived at due to the fact that the Sumerians had recorded a sort of
“history”, in the form of a King list that was, to understate the
matter, astonishing.
The Sumerians’ relationship with their Gods was the driving force in
the rise of their civilization.
The very reason for the existence of Sumer and her people seemed to lie with these strange and mortal
‘deities’. The very reason for being was to serve the appropriate
deity.
The Sumerian religion was more like a feudal covenantal relationship
with an overlord than the mystical worship of a God as we would
understand religion today. For the Sumerian, worship of the Gods
meant complete servitude - the very purpose for which mankind was,
(according to the Sumerians), created by the Sumerian Gods.
According to the Sumerians, the city-states had been founded by the
Gods far back in time and it was the Gods who had given the
Sumerians, “the black-headed people”, all the tools and weapons and
marvelous inventions of their culture. For the Sumerians, everything
that they had - cities, fields, herds, tools, institutions - had
always existed because the Gods had created all of it before they
had created the black headed people to run things as their slaves.
This immediately makes one think of the only people who claim an
origin as slaves: the Jews.
This “slave-master” Religion was the
central organizing principle of the city-states, each city belonging
to a different deity who was worshipped in a large temple. According
to the Sumerians, even if the Gods might prefer to be just and
merciful, they had also created evil and misfortune and there was
nothing that the black-headed people could do about it. Judging from
the Sumerian Lamentation texts, the best one could do in times of
trouble would be to, “plead, lament and wail, tearfully confessing
his sins and failings”.
Their family God or city God might intervene
on their behalf, but that would not necessarily happen even if the
rules were carefully followed. After all, man was created as a
broken, labor saving, tool for the use of the Gods and at the end of
everyone’s life, lay the underworld, a dreary place like the Sheol
of the early Hebrews.
According to the Sumerians, their Gods were very intelligent,
extremely long-lived and yet, very mortal beings. This is evident in
their king lists. According to the Sumerians, the time before the
flood was said to be a period of 432,000 years. Two kings from after
the flood that are listed were Gilgamesh and Tammuz. The legends of
Tammuz were so well-liked that they were assimilated to the pantheon
of Babylon and later became the model for Adonis to the Greeks.
Gilgamesh became the hero of the Babylonian epic poem which bears
his name, and which also contains an account of the flood.
Until recently, these king lists and the names in them were thought
to be purely mythic, but in the 1930’s, Sir Leonard Woolley, while
excavating a building at Ur on the Ubaid level, found an inscription
indicating that the structure had been erected by the son of the
founder of the First Dynasty of Ur, a person up till that time
regarded as fiction. Gilgamesh, too, has inscriptions telling of the
buildings he built.
The “King-List” is divided into dynastic periods that are city-state
oriented as apparently regards the seat of central power. The most
startling of these sections is the list dealing with the pre-deluge
Kings . Eight
Anunnaki Kings are listed, as are five city-states
where centralized rule apparently was seated. Length of rule is
given in what is known as a “sar”.
All of the remaining King-List
sections have the length of rule measured by years. The “sar” was
equivalent in length to 3,600 years.
And here ends the Kingship of the
Anunnaki.
Now it is important to note that during this astonishing length of
time recorded as “history” by the Sumerians, only two Anunnaki held
overall reign. First was Enki (later known as Ea) and the second was
Enlil, a half-brother of Enki. The event that ended this first list
was the legendary deluge. It was also during the latter part of this
first period of the King-List that human beings appeared.
Calculating the length of time back to the arrival of these
“Anunnaki”, brings us to about 450,000 years ago. That puts it well
before the accepted date of the appearance of modern man.
The numbering system of the Sumerians is actually quite fascinating.
The Sumerian civilization can be more or less divided into three
periods of cultural manifestation. The first included the
development of glyptics where cylinder seals were engraved with
parades of animals or scenes of a religious nature. This was
followed by the development of sculpture, and finally, the emergence
of writing. During the first period of cultural manifestation,
archaeology indicates that there were no palaces for such as what we
would consider a real king. The “king” was actually a priest who
lived in the temple.
The priest-king was titled “EN”, or “Lord”. It
was only later, in the second cultural period that the title of
king, or Lugal, came into use. At the same time, palaces became
evident, witnessing a separation of the State - and its military
forces - and the priesthood. At the beginning of the second
millennium BC, the Sumerians came back to dominance for a period,
but after Hammurabi, Sumer disappeared entirely as a political
entity. Nevertheless, the Sumerian language remained a language of
priests.
Around 3,200 BC, the Sumerians devised their numerical notation
system, giving special graphical symbols to the units 1, 10, 60,
600, 3,600. That is to say, we find that the Sumerians did not count
in tens, hundreds and thousands, but rather adopted base 60,
grouping things into sixties, and multiplying by powers of sixty.
Our own civilization utilizes vestiges of base 60 in the ways we
count time in hours, minutes and seconds, and in the degrees of the
circle.
Sixty is a large number to use as a base for a numbering system. It
is taxing to the memory because it necessitates knowing sixty
different signs (words) that stand for the numbers from 1 to 60. The
Sumerians handled this by using 10 as an intermediary between the
different sexagesimal orders of magnitude: 1, 60, 602, 603, etc. The
word for 60, ge#, is the same as the word for unity. The number 60
represented a certain level, above which, multiples of 60 up to 600
were expressed by using 60 as a new unit. When they reached 600, the
next level was treated as still another unit, with multiples up to
3,000. The number 3,600, or sixty sixties, was given a new name:
#àr, and this, in turn, became yet another new unit.
The Sumerian numbering system often required excessive repetitions
of identical marks, placing symbols side by side to represent
addition of their values. The number 3,599 required a total of
twenty-six symbols. For this reason, the Sumerians would often use a
“subtractive convention” with a little symbol that meant “take this
number away from that number to get the number that is being
indicated”.
In the pre-Sargon era, certain irregularities started to appear in
the cuneiform representations of numbers. In addition to the
subtractive convention, entirely new symbols were being created for
multiples of 36,000. This means that instead of repeating 36,000
however many times it was to be indicated, the numbers 72,000,
108,000, 144,000, 180,000 and 216,000 had their own symbols assigned
to them. In all of human history, the Sumerians are the only ones we
know of who invented and used a sexagesimal system. This can be seen
as a “triumph” of their civilization, and a great mystery as well.
Many people have tried to understand why they did this and numerous
hypotheses were offered from Theon of Alexandria to Otto Neugebauer.
These hypotheses range from “It was the easiest to use” and the
“lowest of numbers that had the greatest number of divisors”, to “it
was natural” because the number of days in a Solar year rounded down
to 360, and so on. Daniel Boorstin suggested that the Sumerians used
base 60 because they multiplied the number of planets known to them
(5) times the number of months in the year. It was pointed out by
the Assyriologist, G. Kewitsch in 1904 that neither astronomy nor
geometry can really explain the origin of a number system,
presupposing that abstract considerations preceded concrete
applications.
Kewitsch speculated that the sexagesimal system
actually resulted from the fusion of two civilisations, one of which
used a decimal number-system, and the other used base 6 derived from
a special form of finger-counting. This was not easily accepted
since there is no historical record of a base 6 numbering system
anywhere in the world.
However, duodecimal systems, or base 12 numbering systems ARE widely
attested, especially in Western Europe. It is still used for
counting eggs and oysters. We regularly use the words “dozen” and
“gross” and measurements based on 12 were used in France right up to
the Revolution, and are still used in Britain and the U.S.
The Romans had a unit of weight, money and arithmetic called the as,
divided into 12 ounces. One of the monetary units of
pre-Revolutionary France was the sol, divided into 12 deniers. The
Sumerians, Assyrians, and Babylonians used base 12 and its multiples
and divisors vary widely as well. The Mesopotamian day was divided
into twelve equal parts, and they divided the circle, the ecliptic,
and the zodiac into twelve equal sectors of 30 degrees.
This means
that base 12 could very well have played a major part in shaping the
Sumerian number system. The major role of 10 in the base 60 system
is well attested as well, since it was used as an auxiliary unit to
circumvent the main difficulty of the sexagesimal system. This leads
us to an important clue: the Sumerian word for “ten” also means
“fingers” suggesting an earlier counting system.
Taking this back to a variation on Kewitsch’s hypothesis, Georges Ifrah proposes that base 60 was a “learned solution” to the union
between two peoples, one of which used a decimal system derived from
a vigesimal system and the other a system using
base 12. As it happens, 60 is the lowest common multiple of 10 and
12 as well as the lowest number of which all the first six integers
are divisors and, 5 X 12 is 60.
What is interesting to note is that the French words for 80 and 90
(quatre-vingts, quatre-vingt-dix) carry the traces of a vanished
vigesimal arithemetic in Ancient Europe.
Ifrah’s hypothesis is that the Sumerian society had both decimal and
duodecimal number systems, and its mathematicians subsequently
devised a system that combined the two bases.
Of course, this hypothesis fails on the ground that it presupposes
way too much intellectual sophistication. Unless, of course, we
consider the disjecta membra of a vanished high civilization.
It is evident that the Mesopotamian basin had one or more indigenous
populations prior to the arrival of the Sumerians. The Sumerians
were “immigrants” who came from somewhere else about which we know
nothing since they seem to have broken all ties with their previous
environment.
Coming back to the question: “Who were the Semites?”,
we understand that the term itself derives from the Old Testament
where the tribes of Eber (the Hebrews), Elam, Asshur, Aram,
Arphasad, and Lud are said to be the descendants of Shem, one of
Noah’s three sons.
However, this claim makes the Elamites, who spoke
an Asianic language, first cousins to the Hebrews, Assyrians, and
Aramaeans, whose languages belong to the Semitic group.
“Asianic” is the term used for the earlier inhabitants of the Asian
mainland whose languages, mostly of the agglutinative-kind, were
neither Indo-European nor Semitic. It is generally believed that
Mesopotamia was originally inhabited by Asianic peoples prior to the
arrival of the Sumerians. It is thought that the Semiticspeaking
population came in a later wave and that Sargon was the first
Semitic king of a “Semitic nation”.
Of course, that still doesn’t
explain the Sumerians and their language.
Significant Semitic elements are to be found in the cultures of Mari
and Kis at the beginning of the third millennium BC, and it has even
been proposed that the El Obeid peoples were the original Semites,
though they were absorbed and assimilated by the Sumerians. The
discovery of the Ebla tablets reveal the existence of a Semitic
language in the mid-third millennium BC. When Sargon founded the
first Semitic state by defeating the Sumerians, Akkadian became the
language of Mesopotamia and pushed aside the unrelated language of
Sumer. When the Sumerian cuneiform writing was adapted by the
Akkadians, the writing system was already several centuries old.
The Akkadians found an ideographic writing system that was already
drifting toward a phonetic system and accelerated this drift while
still retaining some of the ideographic meanings. The Akkadian and
Sumerian cultural heritages merged, creating a true literary
tradition. When Akkadian speech and writing finally supplanted their
Sumerian counterparts in Mesopotamia, a strictly decimal numbering
became the norm in daily use. The ancient signs for 60, 600, 3,600
and so on, progressively disappeared. In the hands of the Semites,
cuneiform numerals and Mesopotamian arithmetic were gradually
adapted into a system with a different base working on different principles.
Nevertheless, base
60 did not disappear entirely, as we have already mentioned.
We should note, however, that it was with the sudden appearance of
the Sumerian civilization - as early as the 5th millennium BC - that
the long era of the tribal, egalitarian society of the Neolithic
came to an end between 4,000 and 3,000 B.C. Archaeologists and
anthropologists have documented that the early society of
Mesopotamia had been guided by women and had a Goddess as deity.
The
end of female leadership can be deducted from the following quote in
“In the Wake of the Goddesses” by Frymer-Kenski:
The dynasty of Kish was founded by Enmebaragesi, a contemporary of
Gilgamesh. The name breaks down as follows: enetik - eme - ebakin -
aragikor - ageriko - ezi which can be transliterated to “from that
time on - female - harvest - lustful - notorious - to domesticate”
or “From that time on the lustful, notorious harvest female was
domesticated.”
This “name” tells us in no uncertain terms that the time of the
Goddess was on the decline, because male domination had arrived with
the Sumerians. Sargon, conversely, attributed all of his successes
to the Goddess.
Now, let’s come back to the clues that the French words for 80 and
90 (quatrevingts, quatre-vingt-dix) carry the traces of a vanished
ancient European vigesimal arithmetic, put together with the fact
that the first Semitic king came from the “North” and that the
“Semitic influence” of the Goddess worshipping Sargon accelerated
the development of the Sumerian culture toward something more than
being economic slaves to the Gods. Considering these factors, we
might wish to reconsider the term “Semitic”.
Indeed, the religion of the ancient Sumerians has left its mark on
the entire Middle East. Not only are its temples and ziggurats
scattered about the region, but the literature, cosmogony and
rituals influenced their neighbors to such an extent that we can see
echoes of Sumer in the Judeo-Christian-Islamic tradition today. In
other words, most of what we consider to be Semitic is actually
Sumerian written in the Semitic Akkadian language. Undoubtedly,
those peoples who today are called Semitic by virtue of having had a
name assigned to them from the Bible, are actually descendants of
the Sumerians, and their “Semitic language” was imposed on them by
Sargon of Akkad who was clearly not one of the “black-headed
people”.
The linguistic affinity of Sumerian has not yet been successfully
established.
Ural-Altaic (which includes Turkish), Dravidian, Brahui, Bantu, and
many other
groups of languages have been compared with Sumerian, but no theory
has gained
common acceptance. 358
358 Arno Poebel, Grundzüge der sumerischen Grammatik (1923), partly
out of date, but still the only
full grammar of Sumerian in all its stages; Adam Falkenstein,
Grammatik der Sprache Gudeas von
Lagas, 2 vol. (1949-50), a very thorough grammar of the New Sumerian
dialect, and Das Sumerische (1959), a very brief but comprehensive
survey of the Sumerian language; Cyril J. Gadd, Sumerian Reading
Book (1924), outdated but the only grammatical tool in English;
Samuel N. Kramer, The Sumerians (1963), provides a general
introduction to Sumerian civilization.
Sargon Reprise
Sargon became king over all of southern Mesopotamia, the first great
ruler for whom the Semitic tongue - not Sumerian - known as Akkadian
was natural from birth. This suggests to us that Sargon was not
Sumerian, but that he was the bringer of a new language to
Mesopotamia, imposing it on the peoples there in the same way that
Spanish was imposed on South and Central America, and English has
been adopted all over the world as a result of American domination
of trade.
The language issue is our clue as to who relates to whom.
The Afro-Asiatic language phylum has six distinct branches including
Ancient Egyptian, which was known in its last years as Coptic, and
which became extinct in the seventeenth century. The other five
branches are Berber, Chadic, Cushitic, and Omotic. The Semitic
language group is subdivided into an extinct Eastern branch,
Akkadian, spoken by Sargon, and a Western branch with two
sub-branches, Central and South. The Central group consists of
Aramaic, Canaanite, and Arabic.
The Southern group consists of South
Arabian and Ethiopic. And here is the curiosity:
one of the other branches of the Afro-Asiatic language tree is
Berber, with sub-branches of Guanche - spoken by the original Canary
Islanders; East Numidian, which is Old Libyan, and Berber proper.
Now, you ask, what is the oddity?
The Guanche language
Some experts tell us that
the Guanches must have come from the
neighboring African coast long ages before the Black and Arab
“invaders” overran it. We are sagely informed that Mauritania was
formerly inhabited by the,
“same ancient Iberian race which once
covered all Western Europe: a people tall, fair and strong”.
Spain
invaded, and most of the Guanches were wiped out by diseases to
which they had no resistance due to their long isolation. It was
over a hundred years before anyone attempted to record their
language, customs, and what could be remembered of their history.
Friar Alonso de Espinosa of the
Augustine Order of Preachers,
writing in 1580, tells us:
…It is generally believed that these are the Elysian Fields of which
Homer sings. The poet Virgil, in the 4th book of the Aeneid,
mentions the great peak of this island, when he makes Mercury, sent
by Jupiter, go to Carthage to undeceive Aeneas, and to encourage him
so that he might not abandon the voyage to Italy which he had
undertaken.
It has not been possible to ascertain the origin of the Guanches, or
whence they came, for as the natives had no letters, they had no
account of their origin or descent, although some tradition may have
come down from father to son. […] The old Guanches say that they
have an immemorial tradition that sixty people came to this island,
but they know not whence they came. They gave their settlement the
name, “The place of union of the son of the great one”.
Although
they knew of God, and called Him by various names, they had no rites
nor ceremonies nor words with which they might venerate Him. […]
When the rains failed, they got together the sheep in certain
places, where it was the custom to invoke the guardian of the sheep.
Here they stuck a wand or lance in the ground, then they separated
the lambs from the sheep, and placed the mothers round the lance,
where they bleated. They believed that God was appeased by this
ceremony, that he heard the bleating of the sheep and would send
down the rain. …They knew that there was a hell, and they held that
it was in the peak of Teyde [the volcanic mountain], and the devil
was Guayota.
They were accustomed when a child was born, to call a woman whose
duty it was, and she poured water over its head; and this woman thus
contracted a relationship with the child’s parents, so that it was
not lawful to marry her, or to treat her dishonestly. They know not
whence they derived this custom or ceremony, only that it existed.
It could not be a sacrament, for it was not performed as one, nor
had the evangelic law been preached to them.[…]
The inviolable law was that if a warrior meeting a woman by chance
in the road, or in any solitary place, who spoke to her or looked at
her, unless she spoke first and asked for something, or who, in an
inhabited place, used any dishonest words which could be proved, he
should suffer death for it without appeal. Such was their
discipline. […]
This people had very good and perfect features, and well-shaped
bodies. They were of tall stature, with proportionate limbs. There
were giants among them of incredible size… They only possessed and
sowed barley and beans. … If they once had wheat, the seed had been
lost… They also ate the flesh of sheep, goats, and pigs, and they
fed on it by itself, without any other relish whatever… The flesh
had to be half roasted because, as they said, it contained more
substance in that way than if it was well roasted.
They counted the year by lunations… The lord did not marry with
anyone of the lower orders, and if there was no one he could marry
without staining the lineage, brothers were married to sisters.
They were wonderfully clever with counting. Although a flock was
very numerous and came out of the yard or fold at a rush, they
counted the sheep without opening their mouths or noting with their
hands, and never made a mistake. 359
359 De Espinosa, Alonso,
The Guanches of Tenerife, trans. by Sir Clements Markham
(Nendeln/Liechtenstein: Kraus Repring 1972).
I’m sure that the reader can
see that even though we have very little to go on, there are a
couple of suggestive indicators recorded by the good friar. The
first thing we note is the custom of driving a lance into the ground
for the sheep to “call the God”. A memory of ante-diluvian
technology, perhaps?
But more than this, the clues seem to indicate that what we call the
“Semitic language” may actually have been a northern tongue, an
Aryan language, adopted by peoples we think of as ethnically
“Semitic” in modern terms but who, in ancient terms, were not
Semitic at all.
The Rise of Sacrifice
Returning to Viracocha, what we learn about him was that he was a
carver and
shaper of humanity. He was a God of action, a creator and destroyer
of worlds: the
Shiva of the Andes. Before successfully creating the world of
humans, Viracocha
had annihilated previous worlds; first by fire and then again by
flood. In short, for
the Andeans, humanity emerged not from a utopian Garden of Eden -
which is a
Northern concept - but from the hard, living rock and water of the
natural world: clay.
Viracocha had two faithful servants who he sent
in opposite directions to generate a new race of humans.
In Cristobal de Molina’s version of the same myth, these two culture
heroes are the Andean Adam and Eve: the primeval male-female pair
who were the children of Viracocha. Unlike the theme of a prior
Golden Age, the events of the myth begin only after a universal
flood. The Spanish cleric Bernabe Cobo informs us that the original
name for Tiahuanaco was Taypi Kala.
Taypi Kala meant “the stone in
the center”; the natives ascribed this name to the site because they
considered the city to be in,
“the center of the world, and that
from there the world was repopulated after the flood”.
The peoples of the Andes had no known form of indigenous writing, so
the evidence for their activities must come from other sources. The
early Spanish chroniclers recorded what had been described to them
about life in Inca times; their accounts include frequent references
to “sacrifice” and “offering”. Some doubt has been expressed about
these accounts, however, accusing the Europeans of a negative,
Catholic point of view, suggesting that the chroniclers did not ask
the right questions. However, pictorial evidence for sacrifice has
long been known.
The Incas made little in the way of figurative art,
but existing pre-Inca depictions give visual evidence for sacrifice.
Examples of archaeological evidence are now accumulating in the data from
recent excavations in a number of places. Most of the archaeological
evidence for human sacrifice in the Andes - most clearly among the
Inca and the Moche - has been discovered only recently.
For many people in the modern Western world, making a sacrifice
means either giving without receiving or giving up something
valuable for a cause that may benefit others. What seems to be
evident about the process of sacrifice in primitive belief systems
is that sacrifices of animals and humans were done for the greater
good of the group - to appease the anger of the God and prevent
disaster.
Blood was the symbol of life, of animation, of
nourishment, the most important offering that could be given to the
natural and supernatural beings. It was thought that the sacrificial
nourishing of the “sacred beings” made life possible. It was also
thought that the cosmos “ran” on this “nourishment”. It has been
suggested that the number and violence of the sacrifices increased
as the desperate Moche priests tried to appease the Gods.
Unfortunately, such speculations do not fully answer the question as
to why any human being ever thought that the death of another human
being would satisfy the Gods in some way.
In artistic depictions, the Moche are seen to cut the throats of
prisoners of war and then drink their blood. Afterwards, the bodies
were dismembered. It’s hard to say what the purpose of these endless
sacrifices might be. Perhaps the priests thought that they obtained
power from drinking the blood. We are reminded of the Biblical
injunction that “the blood is the life”, and the Hebrews were
forbidden to drink it or to eat meat that had not been thoroughly
bled. Perhaps this was because the blood - and the life in it - was
supposed to be reserved for the God exclusively. Child sacrifice is
a recurrent theme not only in the Andes but also in much of the
world.
Returning now to our problem:
Yahweh.
It seems that, like the Moche
and the Aztecs, the Jewish priesthood began with terrifying
cannibalistic rituals and sacrifices. Just picture the priest -
kohane - standing before the worshippers spattered with dripping,
stringy clots of blood, throwing basins of blood on the congregation
to “cleanse” them, all the while the subliminal message being
conveyed that, “if you don’t obey Yahweh, this is what he will do to
you”!
This may have been what was taking place in the great
Temple
of Solomon which was very likely a displaced memory of a place so
hated, the Temple of Hephaestus - the labyrinth - in Memphis, and
was later transferred to the “labyrinth” at Crete. It was then
brought to Palestine by the refugees from the eruption of Thera, and
combined later with other tales of the cataclysm to produce some of
the Old Testament and the rites of Judaism. We begin to understand
why the labyrinth of Egypt was, according to Pliny, regarded with
“extraordinary hatred” and why so many myths of a human eating
Minotaur at the center circulated in the ancient world.
The idea of the ritual sacrifice of the king instead of thousands of
virgins, children, or warriors, seems to be the result of the
mingling of the Southern Sun God worship with the influence of the
Northern Moon worshippers. This seems to be a distortion of the idea
that the king was ruler by virtue of his “marriage” to the Goddess,
or her representative, and that this “marriage” involved a shamanic
death in order to be able to transduce the cosmic energies of
benevolence and prosperity to the tribe or to defend the tribe
against evil spirits.
The northern custom of a king who had lost his vigor voluntarily
abdicating and being replaced by the “right heir” who could “marry
the Goddess” was mixed with the sacrifice customs, and the result
was that the priesthood had a weapon to wield over the monarch to
keep him in line. Thus arose the idea of the “scape goat” king who
was sacrificed in the labyrinth instead of maidens and warriors.
Herodotus tells us what seems to be an already garbled version of
this mixing of the two ideas:
Being set free after the reign of the priest of Hephaistos, the
Egyptians, since they could not live any time without a king, set up
over them twelve kings, having divided all Egypt into twelve parts.
This may be the original story of Jacob and Esau and the 12 tribes.
This shift was also recorded in the myth of Theseus.
What seems to be so is that there was some sort of “object of power”
at the center of the myth of the Sons of Aegyptus and the daughters
of Danaus. It was a descendant of this “union” - Perseus - who
“cleansed the temple” and restored the Goddess to her rightful place
as depicted in the story of the slaying of Medusa, the freeing of
Pegasus, and the rescue of Andromeda. But again, this is merely the
assimilation of later events to the primal myth of Atlantis.
When we examine the evidence, we find many clues, but with the
passage of time, the movements of people in migration and/or
conquest, it is impossible to say with certainty just “who is on
first”.
There is, of course, much more to this than the little bit I
am able to include here. This will be dealt with in a future volume.
In the Bible the “wise king Solomon” is portrayed as “whoring after”
the Tyrian fire and sun God Moloch/Molech. One has to wonder what
this means considering the fact that there is no difference between
Moloch and Yahweh when one digs beneath the surface.
Some “experts”
suggest that the priest Melchizedek - who was the purported teacher
of Abraham - was a priest of “Moloch”, and that the name means,
“Righteous Moloch”.
However, that is a cross-conceptualization, and
a somewhat sly way to trick the reader. If you are going to
translate one word into English, you ought to translate the other.
Malkiy, or Malak, means simply “king”. Tsedeq means “right” or
“just” or benevolent. It carries the abstract suggestion of
“prosperity”.
What seems to have happened, once again, is that a possible
revelation of truth about our reality was co-opted and diverted by
the denizens of hyperdimensional realities who do not wish their
nature and agenda to be discerned.
In the standard method of
disinformation, truth was mixed with lies in order to mislead and
divert. Those who wish that everything was either clearly black or
clearly white, do not take the time to patiently pick through the
threads and separate them so as to discern the truth. My suggestion
on this point is that the ancient Priesthood of Melchizedek was
designated thus for the express purpose of distinguishing it from
the worship of Moloch, the Fire God.
The apparent co-opting of names and terms and symbolism throughout
the ages continues. In the present day, there are many who claim to
be “of the Order of Melchizedek” who are in fact, not.
Some experts quote Paul’s remark from Hebrews 9:22 where it says:
“under the Law almost everything is purified by means of blood, and
without the shedding of blood
there is neither release from sin and its guilt nor the remission of
the due and merited punishment for sins.”
What such experts fail to
mention - again a sly twisting - is what follows in that particular
passage, which is an argument against such practices.
The religion of the Great Mother Goddess existed and flourished for
many thousands of years in the Near and Middle East before the
arrival of the patriarch Abraham who is depicted as the first
prophet of the dominator male deity, Yahweh. Archaeologists have
traced the worship of the Goddess back to the Neolithic communities
of about 7000 BC, some to the Upper Paleolithic cultures of about
25,000 BC. From Neolithic times, at least, its existence has been
repeatedly attested to well into Roman Times.
Yet, Bible scholars
tell us that Abraham lived in Canaan as late as between 1800 and
1550 BC, a veritable Johnny-come-lately!
How in the world has such a
recent appearance on the world scene managed to push itself into
such prominence and domination? Over and over again in the studies
of the ancient religions it is noted that, in place after place, the
Goddess was debased and replaced by a male deity - the worship of a
young warrior God and a supreme father God. It has been assumed that
this was the Indo-European invasion from the north.
But when the
cultural connections are considered, it is clear that this ideation
moved northward from the South. Perhaps we ought to call it the
“Indo-Incan” invasion since we have suggested a connection to the
cultures of South America. Archaeology reveals that, after these
incursions, the worship of the Mother Goddess fluctuated from city
to city. As the invaders gained more and more territory over the
next two thousand years, the male began to appear as the dominant
husband or even the murderer of the Goddess!
The transition was
accomplished by brutally violent massacres and territorial
acquisition throughout the Near and Middle East. The same is true
regarding the conversion of the western world to Christianity.
Something is definitely strange about this picture.
This corruption drifted north, as Eliade has noted, changing the
shamanic cultures from Goddess worshippers to male dominated
societies. In studying the legends about the Golden Age, the
Antediluvian world, we realize over and over again that these
stories talk about a garden where woman and man lived in harmony
with each other and nature. That is, until a dominator male God
decided that woman had been a very bad girl and must now and forever
be subservient to man.
The Chinese Tao Te Ching describes a time when the yin, or feminine
principle, was not yet ruled by yang, the male principle, a time
when the wisdom of the mother was still honored and followed above
all. To many people, references to these times are no more than mere
fantasy.
It seems that there were ancient societies organized very
differently from ours, and chief among the finds in such digs are
the many images of the Deity as female. Thus we are better able to
interpret the references to the Great Goddess in ancient art, myth,
and even historical writings.
The chief idea of these people was that the Universe was an
all-giving mother. Indeed, this idea has survived into our time. In
China, the female deities Ma Tsu and Kuan Yin are still widely
worshipped as beneficent and compassionate Goddesses. Similarly, the
veneration of Mary, the Mother of God, is widespread.
Even if in Catholic theology she is demoted to non-divine status,
her divinity is implicitly recognized by her appellation “Mother of
God”, as well as by the prayers of millions who daily seek her
compassionate protection and solace. In fact, the story of Jesus’
birth, death and resurrection seems to be little more than a
reworking of those of earlier ‘mystery cults’ revolving around a
Divine Mother and her son or, as in the worship of Demeter and Kore,
her daughter. It is, of course, reasonable that the deepest
understanding of divine power in human form should be female rather
than male.
After all, life emerges from the body of a woman, and if
we are to understand the macrocosm by means of the microcosm, it is
only natural to think of the universe as an all-giving Mother from
whose womb all life emerges and to which, like the cycles of
vegetation, it returns after death to be again reborn.
What is more important to us here is the idea that societies that
view the universe as a Mother would also have very different social
structures from our own. We might also conjecture that women in such
a society would not be seen as subservient. Caring, nurturing,
growth and creation would have been valued. At the same time, it
does not make sense to think that such societies were “matriarchal”
in the sense that women dominated men. They were, instead, by all
the evidence, societies in which differences were valued and not
equated as evidence of either superiority or inferiority.
What we do know is that “Venus” figurines have been found by the
thousands, all over Eurasia, from the Balkans to Lake Baikal in
Siberia, across to Willendorf in Austria, and the Grotte du Pappe in
France. Some scholars (clearly with their minds where they ought not
to be) have described them as “erotic art” of the stoneage and have
proposed that they were used in obscene fertility rites!
But is that really so?
Can these ubiquitous female images found from Britain to Malta even
be described accurately as erotic “Venus” figures? Most of them are
broad-hipped, sometimes pregnant, stylized and frequently faceless.
They look like pithoi and are clearly symbolic, just as the cross
with the crucified man is a symbol. Future archaeologists who might
dig in the remains of our civilization would find equally ubiquitous
and symbolic crosses!
The worship of a female creator Goddess appears, literally, in every
area of the world. What is significant is that the most tangible
line of evidence is drawn from the numerous sculptures of women
found in the Gravettian-Aurignacian cultures of the Upper
Paleolithic Age. Some of these date back to 25,000 BC, as noted
above, and are frequently made of bone or clay. They were often
found lying close to the remains of the sunken walls of what are
probably the earliest known human-made dwellings on earth.
Researchers say that niches or depressions were made in the walls to
hold the figures. Such finds have been noted in Spain, France,
Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia and Russia. These sites span a
period of at least ten thousand years!
It appears highly probable that the female figurines were idols of a
“great mother” cult, practiced by the nomadic Aurignacian mammoth
hunters who inhabited the immense Eurasian territories that extended
from southern France to Lake Baikal in Siberia.
In the oldest archaeological finds, the Goddess was represented by
birds and wavy symbols that indicated water and/or energy. These
same wavy lines are retained as the symbol of the Astrological sign
of Aquarius which may be the oldest extant symbol of the Great
Mother Goddess.
But suddenly, at a certain point, around 5000 years ago, serpents
became associated with the Goddess, and the wavy lines of
water/energy were transmogrified to snakes. What happened to bring
about this association? By 4000 BC, Goddess figures appeared at Ur
and Uruk, both on the southern end of the Euphrates river, not far
from the Persian Gulf. At about this same period, the Neolithic
Badarian and Amaratian cultures of Egypt first appeared. It is at
these sites that agriculture first emerged in Egypt.
From that point on, with the invention of writing, history as we
know it, emerged in both Sumer and Egypt - about 3000 BC. (5000
years ago!)
In every area of the Near and Middle East, the Goddess
was known in historic times. It seems clear that many changes must
have taken place in both the forms and modes of worship, but, in
various ways, the worship of the Goddess survived into classical
Greece and Rome. It was not totally suppressed until the time of the
Christian emperors of Rome and Byzantium, who closed the last
Goddess Temples about 500 AD.
It appears that the Goddess ruled alone in the beginning, though she
was “married” to the king via a human female representative. Thus,
the son or brother who was also her lover and consort was part of
the Goddess religion in much earlier times. This individual was also
truly “Semitic” in the sense of being half human and half divine.
Later, as the corruption crept in - seemingly after some dramatic,
cataclysmic event - it was this youth - known in various languages
as Damuzi, Tammuz, Attis, Adonis, Osiris or Baal - who died in his
youth causing an annual period of grief and lamentation among those
who paid homage to the Goddess.
For a very long time, this myth was annually enacted representing
the fact that time was cyclical the same way the seasons were. It
was the passing down of the knowledge of cyclical catastrophes
connected to cyclical time. The world might end, but if it did, it
was only because it had “run down” and needed to be “wound up”
again.
But something changed all that.
Somehow, the perception of the End
of the World became a terrible punishment that might be prevented by
savage sacrifices. And the sub-text of this idea was that time was
linear and would end, finally and completely. This idea was brought
with the invaders from the South, the murderers of the Goddess, the
rappers of the Maidens of the Wells: the dominator religion that
drove the sword into the stone.
Part of the cover-up seems to involve blaming this corruption on
“northern invaders” or Aryan Indo-Europeans. The invasions of the
Aryans took place in waves over a period of up to three thousand
years according to standard teachings.
They are called invasions
because it seems that the arrival of masses of new people was always
related, in some way, to evidence of destruction which may or may
not have been related to wars of conquest.
It may just as well have
been related to atmospheric or geologic disruption.
Those incursions
of prehistoric times are suggested by speculative etymological
connections. I propose that there were also
invasions from the South, and these invasions brought the corruption
that spread like a disease all over the globe, corrupting even the
Northern worshippers of the Moon and the Goddess.
What is most significant is that the coming of the “Northern
invaders” revolutionized not only war, but also art and culture.
They introduced the horse-drawn chariot, and the charioteer became a
new aristocracy. Since the ancient steppe peoples used carts for
traveling and carrying their goods, it seems logical to suggest that
it was only after the mixing with the war-like Southern peoples that
such vehicles were converted to the use of war and destruction.
Many “experts” tell us that it was these northern people who brought
with them the concepts of light as good and dark as evil and of a
supreme male deity. However, the archaeological and mythographic
record suggests otherwise. If, indeed, they later assimilated the
supreme male deity to their pantheon, it is clear that these ideas
came from the mixing of cultures in Mesopotamia.
The interweaving of
the two theologies are recorded mythologically in the cultures of
this region, and for too long, the blame has been cast in the wrong
direction. But most of these ideas were formed before the knowledge
of the Southern, American cultures was available. It is in the myths
of South America that we discover the origins of the attitude that
led to the destruction of the Goddess. It is also in these stories
that we find the beginning of the concept of time as linear, with a
beginning and an end for human beings, at least.
When we were in Mexico in 1997, I noticed an odd sculpture from one
of the ancient temples that had been placed in the museum of
anthropology. It was of a man whose skull, elbow joint, and thigh
had been flayed, while the rest of his flesh was intact. This was a
clear representation of not only the components of the skull and
crossed thigh bones, but also the ubiquitous “joint” symbol of
certain occult secret societies - societies that worship the
flaying, blood drinking, male God. I photographed the carving, and
you will note that it also includes a rattlesnake entwined around
the body of the flayed man.
The theme of flaying is also present in India in the dance of Shiva
on the elephant God. After the elephant is flayed, Shiva dons the
skin as a symbol of acquiring the power of the God. The same flaying
and donning of the skin of the sacrificial victims was practiced by
the South American sun worshippers, by the Egyptians, and also - so
it seems - by the early Jewish priesthood. Viracocha was the supreme
Inca God, a synthesis of sun God and storm God. One version of the
story says that the Creator God Viracocha, “rose from Lake Titicaca
during the time of darkness to bring forth light”.
Viracocha was
represented as wearing the sun for a crown, with thunderbolts in his
hands, and tears descending from
his eyes as rain. Viracocha made the earth, the stars, the sky and
mankind, but his first creation displeased him, so he destroyed it
with a flood and made a new, better one, taking to his wanderings -
disappearing across the ocean, walking on water - as the
Christianized version goes - as a beggar, teaching his new creations
the rudiments of civilization, as well as working numerous miracles.
Another version of the story tells us that the
Viracocha were so
hated that the people rose up against them and massacred them, but
that a couple of them escaped across the ocean.
This is the most
likely scenario considering all of the evidence. It also reminds us
of the hatred of the Egyptian labyrinth. We should note that there
are significant artistic representations in both South America and
Egypt of “black headed” peoples sacrificing blond or red-headed men.
The term “viracocha” also refers to a group of men named the suncasapa or bearded ones - they were the mythic soldiers of
Viracocha, also called the “angelic warriors of Viracocha”.
Later
one of the Inca Kings (the eighth Inca ruler) took the name of Viracocha.
But in all cases, we see the “hint” that they were Aryans
was provided by the Spanish friars, and is not supported by the
archaeological evidence.
On the Gateway of the Sun, the famous carved figure on the decorated
archway in the ancient (pre-Incan) city of
Tiahuanaco most likely
represents Viracocha, flanked by 48 winged effigies, 32 with human
faces and 16 with condor’s heads. What seems to be evident is that
there were people who rose to power in South America known as the
Viracocha.
After the Spaniards destroyed all of the records of the
natives of the Americas, they wrote their own versions, which
included stories of the Viracocha being blond, Aryan types. This was
due to the fact that the Spaniards noted a certain similarity
between the myths of the Incan civilizing Gods and their own
religious beliefs.
This was later taken up by Thor Heyerdahl, but a
careful examination of the records gives no firm evidence that these
individuals were Aryans. The evidence of Aryan types on
Easter
Island has been convincingly explained as the result of the
survivors of a shipwreck taking up residence and has nothing to do
with the “travels of the Incas”.
However, the links between certain
scripts found on Easter Island, and the script of the Indus Valley,
and certain mythical motifs, strongly suggest a connection between
South America, Easter Island, India, Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the
religion of the Jews.
Of course, it is possible that such civilizing
influence was transmitted by “big, blond, sailor” types who rose to
power in South America and were destroyed in revolutions by the
enslaved, native masses. Images of red headed men being sacrificed
are known in South America, so perhaps they were viewed as “Gods”
and the indigenous population sought to acquire their powers by
“flaying” them and donning their skins.
We realize that skin color
has been an issue throughout human history, so it would be
reasonable to think that the primitive mind might see the white skin
as a transmitter of power. Of course, that doesn’t even address the
question as to why light skinned individuals were perceived as
“higher caste” and worthy of emulation to begin with, but that’s
another issue.
So we suggest “Viracocha” left the lands of the Inca and traveled
across the Pacific.
In India, we find the most interesting Indus
Valley civilization which - upon visual inspection of the ruins -
presents a striking resemblance to the ruins of the ancient cities
of South America. The only difference was that the ability to
shape megaliths seems to have been lost, and
the Indus valley cities, while stylistically similar, are built of
brick. As mentioned, we can note the similarity of certain writings
found on Easter Island to the Indus Valley script. At a later point
in time, the movement was north to Mesopotamia where again, certain
sigils found on cylinder seals are similar to the Indus Valley
script. The rigid caste system of the Incas is found also in India.
Another item of considerable interest that connects Egypt to South
America is
the Ica skulls compared to the representations of
elongated skulls among the Egyptian royalty. This is a subject I
will cover more thoroughly in another volume.
The point at the moment is to make clear the obvious connection
between some
very strange things in South America, and other strange things in
Egypt and the
Middle East, all connected in mysterious ways to the
creation of three monotheistic religions, and the
present day struggle among the three.
And so we find the Viracocha types from across
the Pacific, making their way up the Indian
peninsula, to meet with a group of big blond
nomadic herdsmen from the Altai Mountains,
probably in Mesopotamia. And so, the Southern
male God was adopted by the Altai Aryans in their
mingling with the Southerners that invaded India
from across the Sea.360
“And the sons of God looked
upon the daughters of men and saw that they were
fair and took wives…”
360 See
Gods of the Cataclysm for the evidence of this
route of transfer of ideas.
This new “Aryan” God was frequently depicted as a storm God, high on
a mountain, blazing with the light of fire or lightning from the
thunderbolts he held in his hand. In many of these transposed myths,
the Goddess is depicted as a serpent or dragon, associated with
darkness and evil. Sometimes the dragon is neuter or even male, but
in such cases, is closely associated with the Goddess, usually as
her son.
The Goddess religion seems to have assimilated the male deities into
the older forms of worship, and survived as the popular religion of
the people for thousands of years after the initial Southern
Sumerian invasions. But her position had been greatly lowered and
continued to decline. In the form of Judaism and eventually
Christianity, the male sun God finally suppressed the religion of
the Goddess. And here we come to the most interesting thing of all:
it is in the accounts of these mixed Aryans that we find the
original religious ideas of the Hebrews.
It is also from this mixing - the region from which Zarathustra emerged - that we get the
original ideas of the End of the World. In the mixing of the two
ideologies,
-
there is the mountain-top
God who blazes with light
-
there is the
duality between light and darkness symbolized as good and evil
-
there is the myth of the male deity defeating the serpent
-
there
is the supreme leadership of a ruling class: the priestly Levites
All of these are to be found in both the
Indo-Incan and Hebrew
religious concepts and politics!
In India, we suggest that there is another way to interpret the
evidence. We propose a “Southern Sumerian” invasion from across the
sea, meeting and mingling with the Aryan invasion from the North
which resulted in the assimilation of the Goddess worshippers and
the emerging dominance of the Southern male God. The books known as
the Vedas were a record of the Aryans in India. They were written
between 1500 and 1200 B.C. in Sanskrit using scripts possibly
borrowed from the Akkadians.
The “Southern” attitude toward women is made clear in two sentences
attributed to Indra in the Rg Veda:
“The mind of woman brooks not
discipline. Her intellect has little weight.”
And orthodox Jewish
males daily thank God that they were not born women!
This leads us
to the obvious idea: The Indo-Incan patterns were either adopted by
the Jews, or the Sumerian/Jewish priests were Indo-Incans from the
start.
The Indo-Aryan Rg Veda says that “in the very beginning there was
only ‘asura’, or ‘living power’.” The asura broke down into two
cosmic groups. One was the enemies of the Danavas, or Dityas, whose
mother was the Goddess Danu or Diti; the other group, were known as
the A-Dityas.
Aside from the fact that this clearly depicts exactly
what we are discussing here, the title betrays the fact that this
mythical structure was created in reaction to the presence of the
worshippers of Diti, since A-Ditya literally means “not Dityas”, or
“not people of Diti”.
[M]many sociologists believe that some kind of
a hierarchical social order, in terms of an individual’s occupation
and duties, was in place perhaps ahead of the arrival of the Aryans.
Its evolution into the caste or the varna system as we know today -
with the four distinct castes of Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaisya and
Sudra in the order of social standing - probably occurred with the
settling of the Aryans who sanctified and legitimised the social
order in their own terms which had a distinct religious
underpinning. Some sociologists hold that the societal
stratification in terms of rights and duties of the individual was a
creation of the Aryans in their bid to exercise power over the
indigenous proto-Asian populations of North India. […]
In recent
times, with the rise of strident nationalism in the form of
“Hindutva” ideology, which rejects the premise that Aryans were
outsiders and views them as part of the continuum from the Indus
valley civilization, an unequivocal answer to this may have
political implications. While material evidence of ancient history
has not been able to resolve this issue, modern population genetics,
based on analyses of the variations in the DNA in population sets,
has tools to provide a more authoritative answer. Certain inherited
genes carry the imprint of this information through the ages. […]
An international study led by Michale J. Bamshad of the
Eccles
Institute of Human Genetics of the University of Utah of caste
origins has found (the findings have been reported in a recent issue
of the journal Genome Research) that members of the upper castes are
genetically more similar to Europeans, Western Eurasians to be
specific, whereas the lower castes are more similar to Asians. This
finding is in tune with the expectations based on historical
reasoning and the prevalent views of many
social historians. In exercising their superiority over native
proto-Asian populations, the Aryans would have appointed themselves
to higher rank castes.
[…]
Interestingly, an analysis of the genetic variations in the markers
associated with the maternally inherited mtDNA and paternally
inherited Y-chromosome show strikingly different trends. Maternally
inherited DNA was overall found to be more similar to Asians than to
Europeans, though the similarity to Europeans increases as we go up
the caste ladder. Paternally inherited DNA, on the other hand, was
overall more similar to Europeans than to Asians but, unlike in the
case of maternal inheritance, with no significant variation in
affinity across the castes.
This is intriguing, but there is a
plausible explanation. Migrating Eurasian populations are likely to
have been mostly males who integrated into the upper castes and took
native women. Inter-caste marriage practices, while generally taboo,
are occasionally allowed, in which women can marry into an upper
caste and move up in the social hierarchy. However, such upward
mobility is not permissible for men. The caste labels of men are
thus permanent, while women, by means of their limited mobility,
cause a gene flow across caste barriers.
This is the reason,
according to the researchers, for the differing affinities of
gender-specific genes among castes to continental populations.
361
361 Ramachandran, R., The Genetics of Caste, Frontline, Volume 18 -
Issue 12, Jun. 09 - 22, 2001;
India’s National Magazine, from the publishers of THE HINDU.
One of the major Indo-Aryan Gods was known as
Indra, Lord of the
Mountains, “he who overthrows cities”. Upon obtaining the promise of
supremacy if he succeeded in killing Danu and Her son Vrtra, he does
accomplish the act, thus achieving kingship among the A-Dityas.
This
reminds us of the early Sumerian text reported above:
The was founded by Enmebaragesi, a contemporary of Gilgamesh. The
name breaks down as follows: enetik - eme - ebakin - aragikor -
ageriko - ezi which can be transliterated to, “rom that time on -
female - harvest - lustful - notorious - to domesticate” or “From
that time on the lustful, notorious harvest female was
domesticated”.
This “name” tells us in no uncertain terms that the time of the
Goddess was on the decline, because male domination had arrived with
the Sumerians. In a hymn to Indra in the Rg Veda which describes the
event, Danu and Her son are first described as serpent demons;
later, as they lie dead, they are symbolized as cow and calf. After
the murders, “the cosmic waters flowed and were pregnant”. They in
turn gave birth to the sun.
This concept of the sun God emerging
from the primeval waters appears in other Indo-Sumerian-Incan myths
and also occurs in connection with two of the prehistoric invasions.
We suggest that all of this connects such events to times of
cataclysm wherein the sun is “darkened” or concealed by dust and
clouds.
The Rg Veda also refers to an ancestral father God known both as
Prajapati and Dyaus Pitar. Dyaus Pitar is known as the “supreme
father of all”. The spread of the Indo-Sumerian culture mixed with
the Aryan incursions brought with it the origins of the Hindu
religion and the concept of light-colored skin being perceived as
better or more “pure” than darker skins. (The Sanskrit word for
caste, “varna” actually means color.)
The Indo-Sumerian-Aryan beliefs are found in Iran, though the
records are very late - dating back only as far as 600 B.C. What the
experts suggest is that the Indians and early Iranians - prior to
the arrival of the Sumerians - were derived from the same ethnic
group and had been established on the Iranian plateau from about
4000 BC speaking a Vedic Sanskrit dialect.
Though there is a considerable change from the Rg Veda to the
Iranian Avesta, we still find the great father who represents light,
with a new name: Ahura Mazda. He is the Lord of Light and his abode
is on a mountaintop glowing with golden light. The duality of light
and dark is inherent in Iranian religious thought. Ahura Mazda is on
high in goodness, and the devil figure, Ahriman is “deep down in
darkness”. We note in this the mixing of the Shamanic concepts with
the Inca-Sumerian idea of a anthropomorphized God.
In the Iranian texts of 200 AD known as Manichean, we again find
good and evil equated with light and dark. However, we are told in
these writings that the problems of humanity are caused by a mixture
of the two.
And here, Mithra appears as the one who defeats the
“demons of darkness”.
There is another clue that deserves note: the name of the Guanche
Devil, Guayota. In the Iranian texts there is a character named
Gayo
Mareta who is the “first man”. He seems to relate to Indra in the
Indian versions. Gauee or gavee in Sanskrit means cow.
Mrityu in
Sanskrit means death or murder, surviving in the Indo-Aryan German
language as mord, meaning murder, and in the Indo-European English
language as the word murder itself. Thus Gavo Mareta appears to be
named “Cow Murderer”. Danu was symbolized as the cow Goddess, whose
worship is best known from Egypt before Narmer. Gayo Mareta may once
have held a similar position in Iran to Indra, the murderer of Danu,
the cow Goddess.
In the Pahlavi Books of about 400 BC. it was
written,
“From Gayo Mareta, Ahura fashioned the family of the Aryan
lands, the seed of the Aryan lands”.
We notice right away that this
is an inversion. It is pretty clear that in the most ancient times,
the Goddess was worshipped, and Gayo Mareta - Guayota, the Devil,
murdered her.
In any event, we are certainly entitled to speculate on the fact
that the Guanches, Aryans, a group isolated for possibly thousands
of years, spoke a near cousin to the language of Sargon, a
worshipper of the Goddess, and that the name of the “evil” in their
language, was almost identical to the name of the hero in the
Pahlavi books. Due to the fact that the Guanches were isolated for a
very long, unknown period of time, one begins to suspect that they
retained their original language from very ancient times.
Perhaps
there was a global, antediluvian language. And perhaps this gives us
a clue as to who was really “on first”? When we consider the
“ancient Egyptian language”, we realize that it developed after the
conquest of Narmer, and there is a very strong suggestion that
Narmer had close ties with Sumeria.
The famous Narmer Palette has
distinctive Sumerian motifs, and also includes
a row of men - sacrificial victims - with their heads cut off and
placed between their thighs.
Skull and Crossbones?
The Shell Game
As early as the fourth millennium BC, a group entered the
Tigris-Euphrates area. They were described as “newcomers from the
east”. The statement derives a certain support from tradition; “as
they journeyed from the east they found a plain in the land of Shinar
[ Babylon] and they dwelt there” [Genesis XI, 2]; but it is based on
the material evidence of the pottery of al Ubaid and of Susa
respectively, and on that evidence it is generally agreed that these
people were related, culturally and presumably ethnically, to the
early inhabitants of Elam. Some scholars suggest that the Ubaid
people brought the Sumerian language, which is neither Semitic nor
Indo-European.
Aratta is a place name often mentioned in Sumerian
texts.
The Ubaid people established a major settlement in the place later
known as Eridu. They broke up the Halaf culture, and wreaked
devastation upon them. These Ubaids spread as far north as Lake
Urmia and Lake Van, close to the Iranian-Russian border. This
section was later known as Ararat or Urartu which could be
corruptions of Aratta. The name “Eridu” could also be a corruption
of Aratta, suggesting the original homeland.
In about 4000 BC, the Ubaid people built a temple at Eridu which
appears to be the first built on a high platform. At this temple,
not a single Goddess figurine was found. Interestingly, a statue
found in graves of
the Ubaid people depicted a mother and baby with
lizard-like features.
It is noteworthy that the Sumerians and present day “Semites” only
differ in language, not religion, culture or politics.
The deity worshipped at Eridu in historic times was the God
Enki.
Before this, the God of the shrine seems to have been a fish or
water God who rose up out of the water exactly like Viracocha, had
scales, and was a civilizer-teacher of language and culture. Enki
was thought of later as the God of the waters and was described as
riding around in his boat. He was also described as “he who rides”.
This concept of the fish or water God is similar to one found in a
fragment of an Indo-Aryan Hittite tablet which tells of a sun God
who rose from the water with fish on his head. It is also similar to
the idea of the sun God who was born from the cosmic waters released
by Indra by the deaths of Danu and Vrtra. Though Enki is not
generally designated as a sun God, in the myth of Marduk he is named
as Marduk’s father and Marduk is called the “son of the sun”.
The Ubaid people are credited with developing irrigation canals in
Eridu which could hint at their origin in places that were along
rivers and streams and where fish were common. Another clue to the
identity of these people is the institution of kingship, and the
mention of the name Alalu as the very first king of Sumer in the
king lists of the earliest part of the second millennium. According
to these tablets which refer to a prehistoric period, it was in
Eridu that, “kingship was first lowered from heaven”. Sounds rather
like the Inca myth of Viracocha.
Now, let’s think about this for a
moment. We have a God with a fish on his head, thereby associated
with scales, and who is described as “he who rides”. This scaly God not only rides, he rose from the
water like the sun! Also, he was born from the deaths of the Mother
Goddess and her son. Mountains of fire are involved, gold, and
kingship being “lowered from heaven”. It rather sounds like
UFOs
coming up out of the water as they have so often been reported to do
in more modern times, or descending on mountain tops.
A third male deity - An or Anu - comes onto the Sumerian stage
sometime after the beginning of the second millennium - the same
period that the Hurrians are known to have entered the area, so they
may well have brought this Anu with them.
In the early Sumerian period the name Anu is relatively obscure, and
his name does not appear on any of the eighteen lists belonging to
this period. Anu appears as the successor to Alalu in the Hurrian
and Hittite Kumarbi myth. But most interesting is his appearance in
the later myth of Marduk, “the son of the sun”. Here we learn that
Enki was first asked to subdue the Creatress-Goddess, whom they call
Tiamat, and was not able, though he did manage to kill her husband
Apsu, thus becoming Lord of the Abzu (primeval waters) himself. Anu
was then asked to subdue Tiamat, but according to the legend when he
confronted Her, he cringed in fear and refused to complete his
mission.
Finally Marduk, son of Enki, was willing, though only upon
the promise of the supreme position among all other deities if he
succeeded. This previously secured promise brings to mind the one
Indra requested before murdering Danu and Her son Vrtra; both of
these myths were probably written down at about the same period
(1600-1400 BC) though they are undoubtedly far older. In passing, I
would like to note that the name Tiamat is similar to some of the
earliest known names of male deities including Tiu, Tyr, Thor, etc,
plus Mat which reminds us of Egyptian Maat, which was a Goddess who
represented truth, law and universal order.
This legend, known as
the Enuma Elish, which explains the supremacy
of Marduk, has long been designated as Babylonian and therefore
Akkadian and Semitic. But more recent research suggests that, though
Marduk was known in the Hammurabi period, the myth claiming his
supremacy did not actually appear until after the Kassites, another
tribe, had conquered Babylon.
Saggs points out that,
“none of the
extant texts belonging to it is earlier than the first millennium”,
and that “it has been suggested that in fact this work arose only in
the Kassite period, a time now known to have been one of intense
literary activity”.
Gurney tells us that,
“The names of Indian
deities are found to form an element in the names of the Kassite
rulers of Babylonia”.362
362
Gurney, O.R., The Hittites (London, New York: Penguin revised
edition 1991).
In about 2100 BC a Sumerian king named
Ur Nammu declared that he would establish justice in the land. He did
away with the heavy duties and taxes that were burdening the people
at that time and, “rid the land of the big sailors who seized oxen, sheep and donkeys”.
363
One suspects that they were Aryan types corrupted by the worship of
the male storm God.
Now, after all this invading, conquering and demolishing of the
Goddess Worship over in the Tigris-Euphrates area, the same thing
happened later on in Egypt with Narmer-Menes!
There is considerable evidence for contact between Egypt and Sumer.
“Abundant evidence of Mesopotamian cultural influence is found at
this time in Egypt.”
Significant is the fact that cylinder seals (a
specifically Mesopotamian invention) occur there, together with
methods of building in brick foreign to Egypt but typical of the Jemdet Nasr culture of Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley
civilization. Mesopotamian motifs and objects also begin to be
represented in Egyptian art, such as boats of Mesopotamian type.
The
idea of writing, though it was expressed quite differently in Egypt,
seems to have developed more or less coevally with Mesopotamia.
Paintings in early dynastic tombs portray a conical basket type of
fish trap, nearly identical to those of the Ertebolle people of
northern Europe who were descended from the Maglemosians, a European
Mesolithic culture, which links us back to the Akkadians as being
from the North. The male deity of Egypt arrived with the invaders,
and was portrayed as the sun riding in a boat!
Professor Walter Emery spent some forty-five years excavating the
ancient tombs and pyramids of Egypt. Discussing the arrival of these
people, he writes:
Whether this incursion took the form of gradual infiltration or
horde invasion is uncertain but the balance of evidence... strongly
suggests the latter. ...we see a style of art which some think may
be Mesopotamian, or even Syrian in origin, and a scene which may
represent a battle at sea against invaders... [in these]
representations we have typical native ships of Egypt and strange
vessels with high prow and stem of unmistakable Mesopotamian
origin...
At any rate, towards the close of the fourth millennium BC we find
the people known traditionally as the “Followers of Horus”
apparently forming an aristocracy or master race ruling over the
whole of Egypt.
The theory of the existence of this master race is
supported by the discovery that graves of the late pre-dynastic
period in the northern part of Upper Egypt were found to contain the
anatomical remains of a people whose skulls are of greater size and
whose bodies were larger than those of the natives, the difference
being so marked that any suggestion that these people derived from
the earlier stock is impossible. 364
363 Hawkes,
Jacquetta, The first great civilizations; life in Mesopotamia, the
Indus Valley and Egypt (New York: Knopf 1973).
364 Quoted by Stone, op. cit.
These invaders were known to
the Egyptians as the “Shemsu Hor”, or people of Hor. And, of course,
they brought with them their male God, Hor-Wer or Great
Hor. By 2900 BC, pictures of this sun God show him riding in his
“boat of heaven”.
It certainly makes one wonder if a brilliant UFO rising up out of
the water would cause the ancient peoples to connect a boat (that
goes on water) with flying through the air while looking like the
sun! And, over and over again we are finding this image or
juxtaposition of images.
According to Emery, the name of the first king of the First Dynasty,
known as Narmer or Menes in Manetho’s history of 270 BC, was
actually Hor-Aha. Later, the name of Hor appears to have been
incorporated into the more ancient Goddess religion as the “son who
dies”. This has led to a lot of confusion between the two “Hors”,
Horus the Elder, God of light of the invaders, and Horus the
Younger, the son of the Goddess Isis.
Hor later was transmogrified into Horus by the Greeks, and is
depicted as fighting a ritual combat with another male deity known
as Set. Set is supposed to be his uncle, the brother of his mother
Isis and father Osiris. The combat was supposed to symbolize the
overcoming of darkness or Set, by light, symbolized by Hor.
In Sanskrit the word ‘sat’ means to destroy by hewing into pieces.
In the myth of Osiris, it was Set who killed Osiris and cut his body
into fourteen pieces which naturally reminds us of the sacrifices of
the Moche. However, the word “set” is also defined as “queen” or
“princess” in Egyptian! “Au Set”, known as Isis by the Greeks,
means, “exceeding queen”!
In the myth of this ritual combat, Set tried to mate sexually with
Horus; this is usually interpreted to have been an extreme insult.
But the most primitive identity of the figure Set, before the wavy
lines of water or energy became serpents, may be found in the
Goddess religion, and this combat, just as with the combat of Marduk
with Tiamat, may have represented the suppression and destruction of
the Goddess religion. Of course, the conquering invaders presented
themselves as “saviors” and their conquest as a triumph of light
over darkness! So it has always been.
Nevertheless, the followers of Hor established the institution of
kingship in Egypt. And, again, marrying the representative of the
Goddess in order to “steal her power” was an important part of the
assumption of kingship as was recorded in the story of Solomon - he
married an Egyptian Princess. We may justifiably compare the name of
“Hor” to the Hurrians or Horites who came from India to Sumer.
Around the time of the Second Dynasty, the town of Heliopolis (known
to the Egyptians as Annu!) became the home of a school of scribal
priests who also worshipped a sun God who rode in a boat. In this
town they used the name Ra. In Sanskrit, Ra means royal or exalted
on high. This prefix is found in the Sanskrit word for king, raja
and queen, rani. It survives in the German word ragen, to reach up,
in French as roi, meaning king, as well as in the English words
royal, reign and regal.
In the pyramid texts of the Fifth Dynasty, Horus was equated with
Ra. Both Horus and Ra were closely connected, at times
competitively, with the right to kingship. As Ra-Harakhty, Ra is
identical with Horus of the Horizon, both meaning the sun at rising. Ra too is portrayed as the sun who rides
across the heavens sitting in his sacred boat. Again, why a boat in
the heavens? Ra’s boat was said to emerge out of the primeval
waters, much as Enki was said to ride his boat in the deep waters of
the Abzu of Eridu, or as the Indo-Aryan sun God was said to have
emerged from the cosmic waters, as in the myth of the sun God in the
water who rises from the sea with fish on his head, so too Ra rose
from the waters each morning.
As the name of Horus was assimilated into the Goddess religion, as
the son of Isis, the priests of Memphis proposed another concept of
the great father God. This time his name was Ptah, curiously like
the Sanskrit Pitar. The texts concerning him describe the creation
of all existence, suggesting that Ptah was there first. This time we
are told that it was through an act of masturbation that Ptah caused
all the other Gods to come into being, thus totally eliminating the
need for a divine Mother!
This idea of the masturbating God is not new. One of the Sumerian
Gods, Enki, was supposed to have masturbated and thereby caused the
Tigris and Euphrates rivers to flow!
Even though these conquering Indo-Incans came in wave after wave,
bringing their Gods who ride in shining boats in the sky, the
Goddess religion still survived. This very fact may indicate the
presence of another group who worked quietly to preserve the ancient
truths in the face of almost overwhelming opposition. The new male
Gods were assimilated and synthesized, creating an almost impossible
to sort mish-mash of Gods and Goddesses.
With the knowledge that the worship of the Goddess was violently
overturned by invading Indo-Incans who were descendants of the Incan
Sun worshippers, whose objective was to forestall another “end of
the world” with the sacrifice of enormous numbers of human beings,
we may better understand the transitions and inversions that have
occurred in our myths and legends as well as our concepts of time.
With this understanding, we are free to pursue a more open and
reasonable series of speculations as to what the End of the World,
and all the prophecies related to it, might be about.
Just as there was a Dark Age surrounding the period of time in which
the Old Testament came into being, during which time Monotheistic
Judaism - the parent of Christianity and Islam whose validity is
established only by the Old Testament - was imposed forcibly on the
Canaanites, there was also a similar period of Dark Ages enveloping
the development and codification of the New Testament and the
imposition of Monotheistic Christianity on the Western World, and
Islam on those who were susceptible to neither of the former two.
Don’t you find that curious?
The End of Time
The God of the Jews is a personality who purportedly ceaselessly
intervenes in history and who reveals his will through events.
Historical facts thus acquired a religious value in the fact that
they were specific situations between man and God, transforming
history into the epiphany of God. This conception was continued and
magnified by Christianity. We
can see the seeds of the original myths here, but we can also see
the major distortions.
In monotheism, every event is definitely situated in time - a given
time and no other - and is not reversible; it is a historical event
with weight and value in and of itself, and that weight is upon the
shoulders of mankind, individually and collectively.
In Judaism’s daughter, Christianity, the Messianic hope, the victory
over the forces of darkness, is projected indefinitely into the
future and will only happen once in terms of linear time. Further,
there is only one who can accomplish this conquest of darkness, and
man’s only hope is to give up his will to this one who has been
crucified and resurrected to symbolize his verity, despite having
really done nothing to change the state of the world in real time.
When the Messiah comes again, (never mind that he was supposed to
have already been here and global conditions did not improve), the
world will be saved once and for all, and history will cease to
exist - and most of humanity along with it, not to mention a “third
of the angels”, and so on.
This idea of irreversible, linear time, was imposed upon mankind
through violence and exclusion, serving as the basis for the
philosophy of history that Christianity, from St. Augustine on, has
labored to construct.
In case you didn’t notice what just happened here, let me make it a
little clearer.
The concept of linear time gives value to the “future” as an end to
everything. That’s it; there is nothing more. Further, the arbiter
of that future is one God, who, I might add, is his own surety
because he has helpfully announced at the beginning that he is the
one God. This one God has a select group of servants who will be
preserved to the exclusion of all others in some way if they obey
him, and destroyed if they disobey him.
But, of course, it is “free
will choice” as to whether to believe this or not. It doesn’t sound
like a choice; it sounds like an ultimatum! We begin to smell a rat
here, a hint that the introduction of the concept of linear time was
the raison d’être for the introduction of monotheism. In this way,
all of humanity can be trapped in a condition of believing lies
instead of truth, and “binding” spiritual drugs, preventing any
possibility of “ascension”. For the most part, our modern world is
predicated upon linear time.
Thus, the reason for the raison d’être
can be dimly seen by those who have been tracking with me here: it
is that linear time is a supreme weapon to use against the mind of
man in terms of control and domination! Monotheism is a myth that
establishes a particular identity as an antithesis, against another - actually, just about all Others! The ultimate club of elitists!
We come back to the fact that most of the Old Testament is a
chronicle of genocide and horrendous practices of human and animal
sacrifice. In the New Testament, we find that the work of a
remarkable man who lived two thousand years ago in the Middle East,
whose teachings gave birth to Christianity, has been replaced by a
“story” based a human sacrifice ritual which was an already ages old
corruption - the ubiquitous solar/fertility cult.
At about the same
time this was done, Judaism was revived,
the Cathars were destroyed,
and the Crusades were begun to discover some mysterious object in
the “Holy Land”.
Curious, eh?
In any event, the concept of the barbaric custom of blood sacrifice
passed into Christianity. It is, in fact, the heart of Christianity
as it is understood by Christians today. However, making Christ the
“once for all atonement” for everyone had curious consequences. With
such an event as an “example”, it became quite easy to manipulate
the populace to willingly emulate this self-sacrifice, and thus, the
motivation for the Crusades, and endless wars and genocide by
“civilized” peoples was made “normal”.
Fiendishly clever, I say.
There appears to be a group that has existed from the time of the
Dark Ages, and this group is, effectively, the “new vehicle” for the
Machiavellian machinations of these beings who may also be
the Elohim who originally “fenced in” the Semitic peoples, in order to
utilize them in various ways including the creation of an “army” for
hyperdimensional manipulations with the seeming objective of
dividing and conquering humanity.
Considering a “group” that may be behind the machinations of
history, we must consider the term “fifth column”, defined as,
“A
clandestine subversive organization working within a given country
to further an invading enemy’s military and political aims”
(American Heritage Dictionary, 1976).
There are certain
self-proclaimed “experts” who tell us that Jews and Germans
collaborated against the Catholic Church in the 9th century, forming
a group of elitists that engaged in “sickening sacrificial rituals”.
When I first read this claim, my immediate reaction was to snort in
disgust and declare it to be nonsense.
I am very sensitive to
anything Anti-Semitic. However, after reviewing the history of the
creation of the Bible, and putting it all together, I have come to
the idea that such a claim is not too far off - except that it
probably wasn’t Jews, but rather “occultists” behind such activity.
When I say “occult”, I don’t necessarily mean “black magic” or
similar such nonsense, though such things are certainly not
excluded. Generally, however, when such things as “occultism” are
brought into the mixture, after careful investigation, one usually
discovers the presence and activity of hyperdimensional beings
masquerading as “angels” or “demons” as well as about anything in
between.
Nearly all experts of “esoterica”, after years and years of
searching and studying, eventually come to the idea that there is
some sort of major conspiracy that has been running the show on
planet earth for a very long time. The problem is, there are any
number of conclusions as to “who is on first” in this
transmillennial, multi-national, global ballgame. The thing that
raises red flags, however, is that just about any of the many
conclusions can be supported by reams of “evidence”. At the same
time, there is a concerted effort on the part of the official
culture to persuade everyone that “conspiracy” theories are a sign
of mental instability.
There is a little known fact about hypnosis that is illustrated by
the following story:
A subject was told under hypnosis that when he was awakened he would
be unable to see a third man in the room who, it was suggested to
him, would have become invisible. All the “proper” suggestions to
make this “true” were given, such as “you will not see so - and-so”,
etc... When the subject was awakened, lo and behold!, the
suggestions did not work.
Why? Because they went against his belief system. He did not believe
that a person could become invisible.
So, another trial was made. The subject was hypnotized again and was
told that the third man was leaving the room... that he had been
called away on urgent business, and the scene of him getting on his
coat and hat was described in great detail with sound effects: the
door was opened and shut, etc., and then the subject was brought out
of the trance.
Guess what happened?
He was unable to see the Third Man.
Why? Because his perceptions were modified according to his beliefs.
Certain “censors” in his brain were “activated” in a manner that was
“acceptable” to his “ego survival”365 instincts.
365 The survival of the ego is
established pretty early in life by our parental and societal
programming as to what is or is not possible; what we are “allowed”
to believe in order to be accepted. We learn this first by learning
what pleases our parents and then later we modify our belief based
on what pleases our society - our peers - to believe.
The Third Man went about the room picking things up and setting them
down and doing all sorts of things to test the subject’s awareness
of his presence, and the subject became utterly hysterical at this
“anomalous” activity! He could see objects moving through the air,
doors opening and closing, but he could not see the source of these
movements because he did not believe that there was another man in
the room.
So, what are the implications of this factor of human consciousness?
(By the way, this is also the reason why most therapy to stop bad
habits does not work - they attempt to operate against a “belief
system” that is imprinted in the subconscious that this or that
habit is essential to survival.)
One of the first things we might observe is that everyone has a
different set of beliefs based upon their social and familial
conditioning, and that these beliefs determine how much of the
objective reality anyone is able to access. Again, considering the
issue of ligands, we notice how belief can act as a drug to blind
the individual to objective reality.
Realities, objective, subjective, or otherwise, are a touchy subject
to scientists, especially physicists, so I don’t want to get bogged
down there just now. Suffice it to say that years of work inside the
minds of all kinds of people has taught me that human beings almost
never perceive reality as it truly is. Let me just say that, in the
above story, the objective reality is what it is, whether it is
truly objective, or only a consensus reality. Yet, in this story,
there is clearly a big part of that reality that is inaccessible to
the “subject” due to a perception censor which was activated by the
suggestions of the hypnotist.
That is to say, the subject has a
strong belief, based upon his choice as to who or what to believe.
In this case, he has chosen to believe the hypnotist and not what he might be
able to observe if he dispensed with the perception censor put in
place by the hypnotist. Again, we draw a relation between synthetic
and natural ligands.
And so it is with nearly all human beings: we believe the hypnotist - the “official culture” - and we are able, with preternatural
cunning, to deny what is often right in front of our faces. In the
case of the hypnosis subject, he is entirely at the mercy of the
“Invisible Man” because he chooses not to see him. The same is true
in our reality regarding hyperdimensional realities.
Let’s face it: we are all taught to avoid uncomfortable realities.
Human beings - faced with unpleasant truths about themselves or
their reality - react like alcoholics who refuse to admit their
condition, or the cuckolded husband who is the “last to know”, or
the wife who does not notice that her husband is abusing her
daughter. In States of Denial: Knowing about Atrocities and
Suffering, 366 Stanley Cohen discusses the subject of denial which
may shed some light on the context in which I have speculated about hyperdimensional realities.
366 Cambridge: Polity Press;
Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers, 2001
I am not surprised at the state of
denial of scientists and those who might be best able to figure out
what is really going on in our world. It is the cultural norm. I am
also not surprised at the projection of this discomfort onto
“conspiracy theorists”.
Denial is a complex “unconscious defense mechanism for coping with
guilt, anxiety and other disturbing emotions aroused by reality”.
Denial can be both deliberate and intentional, as well as completely
subconscious. An individual who is deliberately and intentionally
denying something is lying. I don’t think that we are dealing with
this in the denial of “conspiracy theories”. What we are dealing
with is denial that is subconscious and therefore organized and
“institutional”. This implies propaganda, misinformation, whitewash,
manipulation, spin, disinformation, etc.
Believing anything that comes down the pike is not the opposite of
denial. Acknowledgement of the probability of a high level of Truth
about a given matter is what should happen when people are actively
aroused by certain information.
This information can be,
-
factual
or forensic truth; that is to say, legal or scientific information
which is factual, accurate and objective; it is obtained by
impartial procedures
-
personal and narrative truth including
“witness testimonies”
I should add here that skepticism and solipsistic arguments -
including epistemological relativism - about the existence of
objective truth, are generally a social construction and might be
considered in the terms of the hypnotized man who has been
programmed to think that there “is no truth”.
Denial occurs for a variety of reasons. There are truths that are
“clearly known”, but for many reasons - personal or political,
justifiable or unjustifiable - are concealed, or it is agreed that they will not be acknowledged
“out loud”. There are “unpleasant truths” and there are truths that
make us tired because if we acknowledge them - if we do more than
give them a tacit nod - we may find it necessary to make changes in
our lives.
Cohen points out that,
“All counter-claims about the denied reality
are themselves only maneuvers in endless truth-games. And truth, as
we know, is inseparable from power”.
Denial of truth is taking synthetic spiritual drugs and is,
effectively, giving away your power.
There are different kinds of denial. First, there is literal denial
which is the type that fits the dictionary definition, the assertion
that something did not happen or does not exist. This most often
occurs in very painful situations where there are conflicts of love:
the wife would say that the husband could not have molested his
daughter, therefore the child must be making it up, or something
equally traumatic and threatening to safety.
This also seems to
apply to denial of the state of our manipulated reality. Our love
for our parents, our need for their approval, is often transferred
to our peers, our employers, and the State. To think about stepping
outside of the belief system that makes us “belong” is just too
frightening. It assaults our deepest sense of security.
The second kind of denial is “interpretative”.
In this kind of
denial, the raw facts that something actually happened are not
really denied - they are just “interpreted”. If a person is
reasonably intelligent, and is faced with evidence of phenomena that
do not fit into the belief system of one’s family, culture, or peer
group, there is nothing to do but to interpret - to rationalize it
away. “Swamp gas” and the Planet Venus given as an explanation for
UFOs are good examples. Another is Bill Clinton’s “But I didn’t
inhale” interpretation of his marijuana use, as well as the famous,
“I did not have sexual relations with that woman” interpretation.
The third kind of denial is termed by Cohen as implicatory denial
where there is no attempt to deny either the facts or their
conventional interpretation; what is ultimately denied are the
psychological, political and moral implications that follow from
deep acknowledgement.
For example, the idea that
America is being
run by a madman with designs on the entire planet, or that Zionists
are obviously behind this activity is recognized as a fact, but it
is not seen as psychologically disturbing or as carrying any moral
imperative to act.
The deeper implication of the denial of conspiracy theories is more
unsettling: that true progress in science is being hampered by a “system” that
may serve to exclude innovative thinking - and real science - by a
far-reaching network where:
Too much research is in “safe” areas - producing nothing but
“papers”. The truth is that, Physicists, to make their living, must
produce papers, must be “quoted”; and so they quote each other;
colleagues quote colleagues and produce graduate students who quote
their masters, after which they become masters, quoting each other,
and producing graduate students who quote them, in an endless cycle
of life in the ivory towers.
And this is not something unique in physics. Not at all! It is true
in other fields of study, too. But in physics the results are really
bad: there has been no apparent progress in our understanding of
Nature for seventy long years.... And nature really needs to be understood, because things are getting a little out
of hand out there in the “real” world.
Don’t misunderstand me: there are many very good physicists - real
experts - but they generally don’t get prime-time play in either
books or journals because they are so busy working on trying to
really understand what is going on, that they have little time to
play the political games that get them the cushy jobs in the
“stables” of physics, run by “big bosses” who are the interface with
the government “approvers” of funding.
And it seems that getting to
the Truth of our reality is the last thing the funding sources wish
to see happen in the hallowed halls of academia.
367
367 Jadczyk, Arkadiusz, Physic and
the Mysterious, 1997, www.cassiopaea.org
Science
operates on funding just like everything else. We personally know
many excellent scientists who are toiling away in hot little
cubicles, underpaid and overworked, never using their potential -
for what? Just to be able to live, to hope that one day they will
have a little time to breathe, to work on their own ideas, to make
real progress in science. There are also gifted amateurs - those who
work in science for the sheer love of it - and who are excluded from
the “good ole boy network” because they don’t happen to love the
politics and aren’t willing to sell their souls.
And finally, there are those who are masters quoting masters - just
because they can - because they admire themselves and their “master
status”. And many of them discover which masters must be quoted and
how to quote them in order to get the most money for the least
amount of work, all the while being considered the “highest master”.
So it is in any profession; physics is no different.
But that is the “official culture” explanation. We can go back to
sleep and get some rest with this explanation.
The fact is, science is controlled by money. Scientists, for the
most part, have to work on those things that get funding. There is
nothing terribly unusual about that since that is a general rule for
everyone. If you don’t get money for your work, you starve and then
you don’t do any work at all. Yes, that’s somewhat simplistic, but
still relevant to the subject here.
The question is: what gets funded? Who decides? What is the context
in which all science is being done?
Bear with me a moment here and let’s apply a little logic to the
problem. The first thing we want to think about is the fact that the
word “conspiracy” evokes such a strong reaction in all of us: nobody
wants to be branded as a “conspiracy theorist”. It just isn’t
“acceptable”. It’s “un-scientific” or it’s evidence of mental
instability. Right?
In fact, I bet that even the very reading of the word produces
certain physiological reactions: a slight acceleration of the
heartbeat, and perhaps a quick glance around to make sure that no one was watching while
you simply read the word silently.
Have you ever asked yourself why the word evokes such an
instantaneous emotional reaction? Have you ever wondered why it
stimulates such a strong “recoil”? After all, it is only a word. It
only describes the idea of people in “high places” thinking about
things and doing things that manipulate other people to produce
benefits for themselves which is generally accepted as the way
things work, right?
Richard Dolan has written about “conspiracy” in the following way:
Some will dismiss this as one of the many conspiracy theories
dotting America’s landscape. The very label serves as an automatic
dismissal, as though no one ever acts in secret. Let us bring some
perspective and common sense to this issue. The United States
comprises large organizations - corporations, bureaucracies,
“interest groups”, and the like - which are conspiratorial by
nature. That is, they are hierarchical, their important decisions
are made in secret by a few key decisionmakers, and they are not
above lying about their activities. Such is the nature of
organizational behavior. “Conspiracy”, in this key sense, is a way
of life around the globe.
Within the world’s military and intelligence apparatuses, this
tendency is magnified to the greatest extreme. During the 1940s,
[...] the military and its scientists developed the world’s most
awesome weapons in complete secrecy... [...] Anyone who has lived in
a repressive society knows that official manipulation of the truth
occurs daily. But societies have their many and their few. In all
times and all places, it is the few who rule, and the few who exert
dominant influence over what we may call official culture. -
All
elites take care to manipulate public information to maintain
existing structures of power. It’s an old game. America is nominally
a republic and free society, but in reality an empire and oligarchy,
vaguely aware of its own oppression, within and without. I have used
the term “national security state” to describe its structures of
power. It is a convenient way to express the military and
intelligence communities, as well as the worlds that feed upon them,
such as defense contractors and other underground, nebulous
entities. Its fundamental traits are secrecy, wealth, independence,
power, and duplicity.
Nearly everything of significance undertaken by America’s military
and intelligence community in the past half-century has occurred in
secrecy. The undertaking to build an atomic weapon, better known as
the Manhattan Project, remains the great model for all subsequent
activities. For more than two years, not a single member of Congress
even knew about it although its final cost exceeded two billion
dollars.
During and after the Second World War, other important projects,
such as the development of biological weapons, the importation of
Nazi scientists, terminal mind-control experiments, nationwide
interception of mail and cable transmissions of an unwitting
populace, infiltration of the media and universities, secret coups,
secret wars, and assassinations all took place far removed not only
from the American public, but from most members of Congress and a
few presidents. Indeed, several of the most powerful intelligence
agencies were themselves established in secrecy, unknown by the
public or Congress for many years.
Since the 1940s, the US Defense and Intelligence establishment has
had more money at its disposal than most nations. In addition to
official dollars, much of the money is undocumented. From its
beginning, the CIA was engaged in a variety of off-the-record
“business” activities that generated large sums of cash.
The
connections of the CIA with global organized crime (and thus de
facto with the international narcotics trade) has been well
established and documented for many years. Much of the original
money to run the American intelligence community came from very
wealthy and established American families, who have long maintained
an interest in funding national security operations important to
their interests.
In theory, civilian oversight exists over the US national security
establishment. The president is the military commander-in-chief.
Congress has official oversight over the CIA. The FBI must answer to
the Justice Department. In practice, little of this applies. One
reason has to do with secrecy. [...]
A chilling example of such independence occurred during the 1950s,
when President Eisenhower effectively lost control of the US nuclear
arsenal. The situation deteriorated so much that during his final
two years in office, Eisenhower asked repeatedly for an audience
with the head of Strategic Air Command to learn what America’s
nuclear retaliatory plan was. What he finally learned in 1960, his
final year in office, horrified him: half of the Northern Hemisphere
would be obliterated.
If a revered military hero such as Eisenhower could not control
America’s nuclear arsenal, nor get a straight answer from the
Pentagon, how on earth could Presidents Truman, Kennedy, Johnson, or
Nixon regarding comparable matters?
Secrecy, wealth and independence
add up to power.
Through the years, the national security state has
gained access to the world's most sophisticated technology sealed
off millions of acres of land from public access or scrutiny,
acquired unlimited snooping ability within US borders and beyond,
conducted overt or clandestine actions against other nations, and
prosecuted wars without serious media scrutiny. Domestically, it
maintains influence over elected officials and communities hoping
for some of the billions of defense dollars. [including scientists,
universities, etc.]
Deception is the key element of warfare, and when winning is all
that matters, the conventional morality held by ordinary people
becomes an impediment. When taken together, the examples of official
duplicity form a nearly single totality. They include such choice
morsels as the phony war crisis of 1948, the fabricated missile gap
claimed by the air force during the 1950s, the carefully managed
events leading to the Gulf of Tonkin resolution... [...]
The secrecy stems from a pervasive and fundamental element of life
in our world, that those who are at the top of the heap will always
take whatever steps are necessary to maintain the status quo.
[S]keptics often ask, “Do you really think the government could hide
[anything] for so long”? The question itself reflects ignorance of
the reality that secrecy is a way of life in the National Security
State. Actually though, the answer is yes, and no. Yes, in that
cover-ups are standard operating procedure, frequently unknown to
the public for decades, becoming public knowledge by a mere roll of
the dice. But also no, in that ... information has leaked out from
the very beginning. It is impossible to shut the lid completely. The key lies in neutralizing and
discrediting unwelcomed information, sometimes through official
denial, other times through proxies in the media.
[E]vidence [of conspiracy] derived from a grass roots level is
unlikely to survive its inevitable conflict with official culture.
And acknowledgement about the reality of [conspiracies] will only
occur when the official culture deems it worthwhile or necessary to
make it. [Don’t hold your breath.]
This is a widespread phenomenon affecting many people, generating
high levels of interest, taking place in near-complete secrecy, for
purposes unknown, by agencies unknown, with access to incredible
resources and technology.
A sobering thought and cause for
reflection.368
368 Dolan, op. cit.
Consider this: even if Dolan is writing specifically
about America, in a world dominated by the United States, it must be
considered that pressures are applied elsewhere from within this
“national security state” to comply with the demands of the US.
In an earlier chapter, I pointed out that part of
the nature of COINTELPRO is to create bogus organizations and to promote bogus
ideas. In the scientific community, this can work in any number of
ways, the most common being “proprietary organizations” that fund
research that leads nowhere in order to keep someone with promising
ideas busy. It is not stretching things to consider that “exciting
new ideas” or areas of research might be promoted for the express
purpose of vectoring scientists into following false and
time-wasting research so as to prevent them making significant
breakthroughs.
What we do not know is how far and wide the practice
extends, though we can certainly guess. There exists in our world
today a powerful and dangerous secret cult. So wrote Victor Marchetti, a former high-ranking CIA official, in his book
The CIA
and the Cult of Intelligence. This is the first book the U.S.
Government ever went to court to censor before publication. In this
book, Marchetti tells us that there IS a “Cabal” that rules the
world and that its holy men are the clandestine professionals of the
Central Intelligence Agency.
In our opinion, the CIA is but one
“arm” of the cult, just as Benedictines were but one order of
the
Catholic Church.
To borrow from, and paraphrasing, Marchetti:
This cult is patronized and protected by the highest level
government officials in the world. It’s membership is composed of
those in the power centers of government, industry, commerce,
finance, and labor. It manipulates individuals in areas of important
public influence - including the academic world and the mass media.
The Secret Cult is a global fraternity of a political aristocracy
whose purpose is to further the political policies of persons or
agencies unknown. It acts covertly and illegally.
And we see it happen before our very eyes and most people refuse to
acknowledge it! What is more frightening is the fact that Woodrow
Wilson, a president of the United States wrote in The New Freedom
(1913):
Some of the biggest men in the United States, in the field of
commerce and manufacture, are afraid of something. They know that
there is a power somewhere so organized, so subtle, so watchful, so
interlocked, so complete, so pervasive, that they better not speak
above their breath when they speak in condemnation of it. Remember:
those who are at the top of the heap will always take whatever steps
are necessary to maintain the status quo, and maintaining the
“status quo” in science has to be one of the main objectives of
the
Power Elite.
And how do they do that?
By “official culture”. And official
culture, understood this way, from the perspective of elite groups
wishing to maintain the status quo of their power, means COINTELPRO.
The most effective weapon of COINTELPRO is Ridicule and Debunking.
Notice that Marchetti points out that this is done via manipulation
of individuals in areas of important public influence - including
the academic world and the mass media. This is how the official
culture is maintained, most particularly in the Scientific
Community.
Bottom line is: if you have bought into the emotionally manipulated
consensus of “official culture”, that there are no conspiracies,
that there is no “Third Man”, it is very likely that you are being
manipulated by fear of ridicule. You are in denial. You have been
hypnotized by the suggestions of the holy men of the Secret Cult and
you have chosen to believe them over your own possible observations
and senses.
Now, think about the word “conspiracy” one more time and allow me to
emphasize the key points of Dolan’s remarks: From a historical point
of view, the only reality is that of conspiracy. Secrecy, wealth and
independence add up to power. ...Deception is the key element of
warfare, (the tool of power elites), and when winning is all that
matters, the conventional morality held by ordinary people becomes
an impediment. Secrecy stems from a pervasive and fundamental
element of life in our world, that those who are at the top of the
heap will always take whatever steps are necessary to maintain the
status quo. If we consider the attack on the World Trade Center in
this context, we have a much better chance of figuring out
“whodunit”?
When I first began my own research in a serious and dedicated way, I
was quite distressed by the confusion factor. The only thing that I
did different from most researchers was to take this confusion as a
“given” fact that was intended. There were two things that had been
burned into my mind very early on, and I found both of them to be
very useful when applied to the present problem.
The first was a remark attributed to Franklin
Roosevelt369:
“Nothing in politics happens by accident. If it
happens, you can bet it was planned.”
369 I’ve
never been able to confirm this attribution, but the idea, as a
hypothesis, seems to be quite useful in predicting.
The other idea was a remark
made to me by a friend who had been trained in Army Intelligence.
He
said that the first rule of Intelligence is to just observe what IS
and understand that it is very likely the way it is for a reason.
Once you have settled that firmly in your mind, you can then begin
to form hypotheses about who might benefit the most from a given
situation, and once such hypotheses are formed, you can then begin
to test them. You may have to discard any number of ideas when you
find some flaw, but unless you begin with this process, you will be
duped over and over again.
In considering the problem before us, we
can see that there exist “tracks” throughout history of some pretty
mysterious goings on that do, indeed, suggest a “conspiracy”.
If we
take that as an observation of what IS, we immediately face the
second big question: is it a conspiracy? If we decide that the
evidence supports a conspiracy, then we have to move to the next
question: is it a conspiracy of “good guys” or “bad guys”? It is at
this point that all the various conspiracy experts begin to diverge
into their assorted rants about Zionists or Masons, and all the many
variations thereof.
But what if, instead of asking that question and beginning to argue,
we just settle back and observe what is and try to find the answer
based on observation? The single biggest argument against historical
conspiracy is the relatively short lifespan of human beings,
combined with the observable psychological make-up of man. A
corollary objection is the fact that, very often, the domino effect
of events that “change history” are of such a nature that it would
be impossible for ordinary human beings to engineer them.
In other
words, Time and Space are barriers to the idea of human beings being
engaged in a global conspiracy.
Well, of course the diligent researcher has by now tried every other
way to make the puzzle pieces fit ending in repeated failures to
account for everything, including the numerous views that oppose and
contradict one another. So, when we stop for a moment to think about
this initial, observable fact of the barrier of Time and Space, we
then think of an idea: what if the conspirators are not constrained
by Time or Space?
Our initial reaction to this thought is to dismiss
it out of hand. But as we pursue our researches, as we come across
repeated “anomalies” and “glitches” and “tracks” throughout space
and time - what we call “history” - we begin to get the uneasy
feeling that we ought to take another look at this idea.
As it happens, once the possibility of manipulation of space and
time has been added to our hypothesis, things finally begin to “fall
into place”. When we begin to look at history from this
trans-millennial, trans-spatial perspective, the character of the “conspiracy” begins to emerge, and only
the most gullible - or negative intentioned - occultist could hold
onto, or continue to promote, any idea that this conspiracy is
benevolent.
In fact, it becomes abundantly clear that many, if not
most, religions and systems of philosophy, have been created and
introduced by the conspirators in order to conceal the conspiracy
itself.
When you are considering
hyperdimensional realities and
beings with mastery over space and time, the thousands of years
needed to develop any given aspect of the overall plan is
negligible; human beings, no matter how important they believe
themselves to be, are merely useful idiots who have been
manipulated. In consideration of such beings, we come again to the
idea of hyperdimensional space - known as “4th density” - and its
denizens.
As it happens, precisely at the time I was struggling to understand
the bizarre nature of the 10th-12th centuries, the C’s - myself in
the future - used the opportunity to give me a “lesson in history”.
Q: Next question: is there any relationship between the fact that
Roger de Mortimer, the carrier of the last of the line of the Welsh
kings, was the lover of Isabella of France, who was the daughter of
Philip the Fair, the destroyer of the Templars, and the murder of
Edward II, the first of the English Prince of Wales?
A: Templars are a setup, insofar as persecution is concerned.
Remember your “historical records” can be distorted, in order to throw off future
inquiries, such as your own.
Q: I know that. I have already figured that one out! But, it seems
that no one else has made this connection. I mean, the bloodlines
that converge in the Percys and the Mortimers are incredible!
A: You should know that these bloodlines become parasitically
infected, harassed
and tinkered with whenever a quantum leap of awareness is imminent.
Such as “now”.
Here is something for you to digest: Why is it that your scientists
have overlooked the obvious when they insist that alien beings
cannot travel to earth from a distant system??? Even if speed of
light travel, or “faster”, were not possible, and it is, of course,
there is no reason why an alien race could not construct a space
“ark”, living for many generations on it.
They could travel great
distances through time and space, looking for a suitable world for
conquest. Upon finding such, they could then install this ark in a
distant orbit, build bases upon various solid planes in that solar
system, and proceed to patiently manipulate the chosen civilizations
to develop a suitable technological infrastructure.
And then, after
the instituting of a long, slow, and grand mind programming project,
simply step in and take it over once the situation was suitable.
Q: Is this, in fact, what has happened, or is happening?
A: It could well be, and maybe now it is the time for you to learn
about the details.
Q: Well, would such a race be 3rd or 4th density in orientation?
A: Why not elements of both?
Q: What is the most likely place that such a race would have
originated from?
A: Oh, maybe Orion, for example?
Q: Okay. If such a race did, in fact, travel to this location in
space/time, how many generations have come and gone on their space
ark during this period of travel, assuming, of course, that such a
thing has happened?
A: Maybe 12.
Q: Okay, that implies that they have rather extended life spans...
A: Yes...
Q: Assuming this to be the case, what are their life-spans?
A: 2,000 of your years. When in space, that is...
Q: And what is the span when on terra firma?
A: 800 years.
Q: Well, has it not occurred to them that staying in space might not
be better?
A: No. Planets are much more “comfortable”.
Q: Okay... imagining that such a group has traveled here...
A: We told you of upcoming conflicts... Maybe we meant the same as
your Bible,
and other references. Speak of... The “final” battle between “good
and evil...” Sounds a bit cosmic, when you think of it, does it not?
Q: Does this mean that there is more than one group that has
traveled here in their space arks?
A: Could well be another approaching, as well as “reinforcements”
for either/or, as
well as non-involved, but interested observers of various types who
appreciate history from the sidelines.
Q: Well, SWELL! There goes my peaceful life!
A: You never had one! You chose to be incarnated now, with some
foreknowledge
of what was to come. Reference your dreams of space attack.
Q: Okay, what racial types are we talking about relating to these
hypothetical aliens?
A: Three basic constructs. Nordic,
Reptilian, and
Greys. Many
variations of type 3,
and 3 variations of type 1 and 2.
Q: Well, what racial types are the ‘good guys’?
A: Nordics, in affiliation with 6th density “guides”.
Q: And that’s the only good guys?
A: That’s all you need.
Q: Wonderful! So, if it is a Grey or Lizzie, you know they aren’t
the nice guys. But, if it is tall and blond, you need to ask
questions!
A: All is subjective when it comes to nice and not nice. Some on 2nd
density would
think of you as “not nice”, to say the least!!!
Q: That’s for sure! Especially the roaches! Maybe we ought to get in
touch with some of these good guys...
A: When the “time” is right. Just pay attention to the signs,
please!
Q: There is a lot being said about the [UFO] sightings out in the
Southwest area. They are saying that this is the “new” imminent
invasion or mass landing. Can you comment on this activity?
A: Prelude to the biggest “flap” ever.
Q: And where will this flap be located?
A: Earth. Invasion happens when programming is complete...
Q: What programming?
A: See Bible, “Lucid” book, Matrix Material, “Bringers of the Dawn”,
and many
other sources, then cross reference...
Q: Well, we better get moving! We don’t have time to mess around!
A: You will proceed as needed, you cannot force these events or
alter the Grand
Destiny.
Q: I do NOT like the sound of that! I want to go home!
A: The alternative is less appetizing. Reincarnation on a 3rd
density earth as a
“cave person” amidst rubble and a glowing red sky, as the perpetual
cold wind whistles...
Q: Why is the sky glowing red?
A: Contemplate.
Q: Of course! Comet dust!
[…]
Q: (L) I read the new book by Dr.
David Jacobs, professor of History
at Temple University, concerning his extensive research into the
alien abduction phenomenon. [Dr. Jacobs wrote his Ph.D. thesis on
the history of the UFOs.] Dr. Jacobs says that now, after all of
these years of somewhat rigorous research, that he KNOWS what the
aliens are here for and he is afraid. David Jacobs says that
producing offspring is the primary objective behind the abduction
phenomenon. Is this, in fact, the case?
A: Part, but not “the whole thing”.
Q: (L) Is there another dominant reason?
A: Replacement.
Q: (L) Replacement of what?
A: You.
Q: (L) How do you mean? Creating a race to replace human beings, or
abducting specific humans to replace them with a clone or whatever?
A: Mainly the former. You see, if one desires to create a new race,
what better way than to mass hybridize, then mass reincarnate. Especially when the
host species is so forever ignorant, controlled, and
anthropocentric. What a lovely environment for total destruction and
conquest and replacement... see?
Q: (L) Well, that answered my other question about the objective.
Well, here in the book, Dr. Jacobs says that there is ongoing
abductions through particular families.
I quote:
“Beyond protecting the fetus, there are other reasons for secrecy.
If abductions are, as all the evidence clearly indicates, an
intergenerational phenomenon in which the children of abductees are
themselves abductees, then one of the aliens’ goals is the
generation of more abductees. […]
To protect the intergenerational nature of the breeding program, it
must be kept secret from the abductees so that they will continue to
have children. If the abductees KNEW that the program was
intergenerational, they might elect not to have children. This would
bring a critical part of the program to a halt, which the aliens
cannot allow. The final reason for secrecy is to expand the breeding
program, to integrate laterally in society, the aliens must make
sure that abductees mate with non-abductees and produce abductee
children.” 370
Now, this seems to suggest that there is a particular
bloodline that is susceptible to...
A: We have told you before:
the Nazi experience was a “trial run”,
and by now you
see the similarities, do you not? Now, we have also told you that
the experience of the “Native Americans” vis a vis the Europeans may
be a precursor in microcosm. Also, what Earthian 3rd density does to
Terran 2nd density should offer “food for thought”. In other words,
thou art not so special, despite thy perspective, eh? And we have
also warned that after conversion of Earth humans to 4th density,
the Orion 4th density and their allies hope to control you “there”.
Now put this all together and what have you? At least you should by now know that
it
is the soul that matters, not the body. Others have genetically,
spiritually and psychically manipulated/engineered you to be
body-centric. Interesting, as despite all efforts by 4th through 6th
density STO, this “veil” remains unbroken.
370 From David Jacobs book,
The Threat; 1999
There are many items in the above excerpts of extreme interest
considering current events. One thing is the issue of “mind
programming”. Contrary to what many conspiracy theorists claim, the
main “mind programming” project on Earth has been - and continues to
be - religious and cultural.
The second most predominant method of
mind control is
via the media
and controlling the flow of information. It might even be possible
that beings with mastery of space/time could travel back in to the
past and destroy documents and plant their own “version of history”.
The C’s commented on this as well:
Q: Who burned the library at Alexandria, since I have heard two
stories: one that the Christians did it and the other that the
Arabs
did it. Which?
A: Neither.
Q: Who DID burn it?
A: Sword keepers of “the lock”.
Q: Who are the Sword Keepers of the Lock?
A: Has to do with Illuminati.
Q: What was their purpose in burning this library?
A: What is the purpose in burning ANY library?
Q: To destroy knowledge. Prevent other people from having access to
it. Again we find a “track” that suggests to us that somebody wanted
to keep human beings in the dark. We can, of course, ascribe this to
just ordinary human activities of greed and ignorance as many
materialist interpreters do. If that is the approach one chooses,
the approach of religion, then, when one begins to add up all of the
similar types of events throughout history, the indictment against
man cries to heaven for an end to his existence. And yet, as a
hypnotherapist, I have never found this assessment to be
satisfactory. On the many occasions when I have peered into the
inner recesses of the human mind, what I have found most often is
that most human beings just want to have a better life for
themselves and for their children. Human beings are not
intrinsically evil and there is no such thing as “original sin”
unless one considers the first individual who wanted to put one over
on someone else (Cain vs. Abel is the mythical representation of this
idea) as being the “original sin”. Clearly, in order to have the
idea structure that there might be some reward for deception and
murder, such an idea must exist in the idea content continuum of
that individual. And that is how hyperdimensional realities
interface with our own: via ideas and the emotion required to bring
them to fruition. Let’s now look again at the issue of the Jews. At
the point in time that I was really struggling to come to some
understanding of this terrible event in our history wherein 60
million or more people lost their lives, of which one tenth of them
were Jewish. I initiated a dialogue with “myself in the future”.
Q:
(L) Is there some karmic element that was fulfilled by the
Holocaust?
A: Of course.
Q: (L) Could you tell us what karma was being expunged in that
activity, and what group the Jews represented?
A: This is not germane, but it was Atlantean overseers “expunging”
guilt from that life experience.
Q: (L) Now, you have said that the Jews were Atlantean descendants,
and that Noah was an Atlantean...
A: Most of them.
Q: (L) What is the significance of this relating to their religion
and their experiences and the current state of the Jews?
A: No special karmic significance to being “Jewish”, special
significance is
experiencing holocaust for purpose of purging extraordinary karmic
debt.
The answer that “most” of the Jews were Atlantean descendants
was not really noticed by me at the time it was given. It was only
much later that I realized that this was a significant clue. I
continued to research the history and myths and archaeology that led
off in endless trails from the central issue, and again and again I
kept coming up against what I called “The Scottish Question” in
terms of so-called conspiracies.
What this term was intended to
designate was the fact that whenever I tracked a series of clues, I
always hit a closed door that was connected in some way to Scotland - including Scottish Rite Masonry.
Q: (L) I would like to know what is the origin of the Freemasons?
A: Osirians.
Q: (L) Can you tell us when the original Freemasons formed as a
society?
A: 5633 BC.
Q: (L) Is Freemasonry as it is practiced today the same?
A: 33rd degree, yes.
Q: (L) So, there is a continuing tradition for over seven thousand
years?
A: Yes.
Q: (L) Is this organization with a plan to take over and rule the
world?
A: Not exactly.
Q: (L) What is their focus?
A: Overseers.
Q: (L) Of what?
A: The status of
Quorum.
Q: (L) What is the Quorum?
A: Deeper knowledge organization. Totally secret to your kind as of
yet. Very
important with regard to your future.
Q: (L) In what way?
A: Changes.
Q: (L) Can you get more specific? Is that changes to us personally?
A: Partly.
Q: (L) Earth changes?
A: Also.
Q: (L) What is the relationship between this Quorum and the
Cassiopaeans [myself in the future?]
A: They communicate with us regularly.
Q: (L) Do they do this knowing you are Cassiopaeans or do they do it
thinking...
A: Yes.
Q: (L) Has there been an ongoing relationship between the
Cassiopaeans and this Quorum for these thousands of years?
A: For some time as you measure it.
Q: (L) Who was Hermes Trismegistus?
A: Traitor to court of Pharoah Rana.
Q: (L) Who was Pharoah Rana? [Notice that the word “pharoah” simply
means “house of” and Rana is the feminine of Raja, Ra, etc. So the
term would mean the “house of
the Queen”.]
A: Egyptian leader of spiritual covenant.
Q: (L) In what way was Hermes a traitor?
A: Broke covenant of spiritual unity of all peoples in area now
known as Middle
East.
Q: (L) Who did Hermes betray?
A: Himself; was power hungry.
Q: (L) What acts did he do?
A: Broke covenant; he inspired divisions within ranks of Egyptians,
Essenes, Aryans, and Persians et cetera.
Q: (L) What was his purpose in doing this?
A: Divide and conquer as inspired by those referred to as
The
Brotherhood in the Bramley book you have read. [The Gods of Eden.]
Q: (L) Is this the Brotherhood of the snake Hermes formed in
rejection of unity?
A: Hermes did not form it; it was long since in existence.
Q: (L) Who was the originator of the
Brotherhood of the Serpent as
described in the Bramley book?
A:
Lizard Beings.
Q: (L) I would like to know the approximate year of the life of
Hermes Trismegistus.
A: 5211 approx.
If this date for the formation of the society later to become the
Freemasons - 5633 BC - is correct, it means that it was in existence
for about 2,400 years before the Hermes rebellion, which took place
5211 years ago.
The C’s said that Hermes was a “Traitor to court of
Pharaoh Rana” who was the Egyptian leader of a spiritual covenant of
spiritual unity of all the peoples in area now known as Middle East.
What we find to be most interesting is the use of the dates as clues
here - the 33 representing the Osirians - the early Freemasonic
society - and the 11 representing Hermes and the Brotherhood of the
Serpent. We notice also that the story about Jacob wrestling with
the angel is in chapter 33 of Genesis, and the verse that tells us
that Jacob passed something to Esau is verse 11.
Esau was, of
course, the legendary father of the Arabs.
Q: One thing I do want to understand, since it is involved in all of
this, is the idea of the ‘Shepherd’. All of the ancient legends and
stories and myths lead, ultimately, to something about the
‘shepherd’, or the ‘Shepherd King’.
A: Shepherd is most likely to be struck by lightning, due to staff,
and thus
“enlightened”, or “illumened”!!
Q: Funny spelling! But, what is the contrast between the concept of
the shepherd and the agriculturalist? This goes back to the very
roots of everything? There is Cain and Abel, Jacob and Esau, Isaac
and Ishmael...
A: Are not you “abel” to figure this out?
Q: I noticed in Genesis Chapter 33, verse 11, it says that Jacob,
who wrestled with the angel the previous night and was on his way to
see his brother Esau, who he had tricked into giving up his blessing
years before, gave Esau the blessing. What was this? The birthright
from his father or the blessing Jacob received from the angel?
A: Trampled leaves of wrath.
Q: This is what Jacob gave to Esau?
A: Yes, and what is the “core” meaning there?
Q: I don’t know. What is the core meaning?
A: Leaves are of the Tree of Apples, from whence we get the
proverbial “grapes of
wrath”, the Blue Apples incarnate!
Q: Why are these leaves ‘trampled’?
A: Removes chlorophyll.
Q: What is the significance of the chlorophyll?
A: When the chlorophyll dies, the autumnal equinox is at hand.
Q: Did this signify something about the autumnal equinox?
A: Discover what the significance is, my Dear!
Q: Why did Jacob then deceive his brother again? He was to travel
and meet him in Edom, but then went in the other direction as soon
as Esau was on his way.
A: Refer to last answer, and cross reference.
Q: After wrestling with the ‘angel’, Jacob was renamed ‘Israel’,
which means ‘he will rule as a God’. This tends to make me think
that this angel whom Jacob seems to have conjured, did something.
What was this being that Jacob wrestled with?
A: Elohim provides the conventional response.
Q: (L) Well, okay. Who were the Elohim of the Bible?
A: Transdefinitive. And variable entities.
Q: (L) Were the Elohim ‘good guys’?
A: First manifestation was human, then non-human.
Q: (L) Well, what brought about their transformation from human to
non-human?
A: Pact or covenant.
Q: (L) They made a pact or covenant with each other?
A: No, with 4th density STS. [Overlords of Entropy]
Q: (L) Well, that is not good! Are you saying that the Elohim are
STS? Who were these STS beings they made a pact with?
A: Rosteem, now manifests as
Rosicrucians.
Q: (L) We have the brother issue to deal with. We have Abraham and
his nephew, Lot. Then we have Moses and Aaron, Jacob and Esau, Isaac
and Ishmael. Were all of these sets of brothers just different
aspects or views on the same stories, a set of singular individuals,
whether brothers or not?
A: Pretty much though with added elements from other stories blended
in.
Q: (L) Was it a brother/brother relationship as in actual brothers?
A: No. The “brother” relationship was created to legitimize a
“false” line of
transmission.
Q: (L) So there wasn’t a brother, or Aaronic relationship present,
assuming any part of that story was true. Is that it?
A: Yes.
Q: (L) One aspect of the variation on the story was that Jacob gave
his brother, Esau, the ‘blessing’ and some ‘gift’. Does this reflect
an accurate part of the story that Abraham/Moses, in his “mythical
incarnation” as Jacob , passed something on to someone elses -
something that was important?
A: Yes.
Q: (L) Was it Moses/Abraham who was doing this?
A: Yes.
Q: (L) Who did he pass it on to?
A: It was finally understood by “Moses” that the danger of the
object was greater
than the ability of descendants to resist corruption. He handed it
over to those who had created it.
Q: (H) Was it STS or STO forces that created it?
A: STS.
Q: (H) So,
the Ark was an object created by STS. Did this amount to
some sort of realization on
Moses’ part? Did he start to wake up?
A: Yes. The story of the “contending with the angel” was the
significant turning point as well as the moment of return.
Q: (L) What was the blessing he gave to quote Esau, if giving the
object to the “angel” was the event of returning the ark? What was
the story there?
A: Two separate events.
Q: (L) So, he returned the ark to the so-called angel. And then, he
gave something
to someone else. Previously, when I asked about this, you said that
what he gave to
Esau was “trampled leaves of wrath, the blue apples incarnate”, and
remarked that I
should inquire into the “core meaning”,
A: And who was “Kore”?
Q: (L) Was this Abraham’s daughter?
A: It was the last living member of the Perseid family.
Q: (L) Was it a male or female?
A: Female.
Q: (L) And how did Abraham come to be in possession of this female?
A: Search the text and you will see.
The C’s described this item - the “blessing” - as “trampled leaves
of wrath”, and mentioned cycles and the ends of cycles.371 At a
later point in time, the C’s connected the number 11 to “Medusa”,
and we have recently seen this element in action on 9-11.
371 As we pick up the clues, again and again we are disturbed by the
niggling thought that the Bible was assembled by individuals who had
“foreknowledge,” and that this information was not favorable to the
Jews. It is almost as though someone traveled into the past to
“plant” the Bible for nefarious purposes intended to come to
fruition in the present time.
But let’s look a little bit closer at the Hermes affair.
The
generally accepted sequence of Egyptian historical events tell us
that a king from “upper Egypt” - that is, the arid highlands - named Narmer, Menes, or Aha, defeated the King of Northern, or Lower
Egypt, and thereby unified the two lands. This unification is
commemorated in the famous Narmer Palette, which shows a “head
smiting” scene, a euphemism for conquest.
The “expert” estimates for
the date of this event is in the vicinity of 3100 BC which is in the
same ballpark as the date given by the C’s. In other words, the
great “unifier” of Egypt may have been this Hermes, and this may
have been an act of rebellion against a covenant of peace that
existed up to that time.
Here we discover a most interesting item in history. Prior to this
point, the pharaohs from the time of Narmer/Menes, were affiliated
with Horus - the “son of Osiris”.
This means that apparently Horus -
the Shemsu Hor - were the Hermes rebellion gang.
Q: (L) Who were the “Followers of Horus”?
A: Those who held the 3rd “insight”.
Q: (L) What was the third insight?
A: There are 10. The 3rd involves transcendental existence.
That certainly sounds very positive, but we have to be careful about
our assumptions considering that similar terms were used to describe
the mysterious Elohim who cut the deal with Jacob prior to the
passage of the Ark to the East - and we realize that everything is
not always as it appears:
“Rosteem now manifests as Rosicrucians”.
What begins to glimmer through the darkness is that the
Sons of Horus and the Elohim must have been one and the same: the Hermes
gang that rebelled against the spiritual covenant of the Osirians.
The myth of Isis and Osiris and Set and Horus takes on a whole new
meaning - and we see how it has been given a slight twist to obscure
the truth.
We also begin to suspect a strange link between this
group - with their Mesopotamian connections - and the “creation” of
Judaism via a conglomeration of Egyptian elements, as well as the
conversion of Christianity to a similar Egyptian myth.
Egypt, Egypt,
everywhere!
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